Oct., 1892. MIDLAND UNION of natural history societies. 221 
down so as to be on a level with or below the volcanic rocks of 
Caradoc, while the evidence of the removal by denudation of 
vast tracts of Silurian rock (and possibly of old red sandstone) 
is very striking. In order to realise something of the nature 
of these phenomena, I have pieced together the survey 
sections* across the Longmynd and Caradoc area, and have 
indicated the probable continuation of the Silurian strata after 
they had been bent upwards into a long dome over the 
nucleus of the older rocks ; I have also made a portion of the 
section movable, so that the representation of the outlier 
may be turned back to something like its original position 
before the fault was formed. When this is done it will be 
seen that the outlier furnishes strong presumptive proof of 
the original spread of the Wenlock and Aymestry limestones 
and shales far to the west of their present position in 
Wenlock Edge. 
Whether these strata were ever quite continuous over the 
Longmynd and other hills is an open question, but the 
difference in character between these rocks on the west, where 
they are of a more sandy nature, and their equivalents on the 
east, renders it not improbable that the old rocks stood out as 
islands or a long peninsula in the Silurian sea, and, by 
shutting off the sandy debris which went to form the Denbigh¬ 
shire grits (of Wenlock or Ludlow age), allowed the 
calcareous organisms of the Wenlock waters to flourish suffi¬ 
ciently to form the marked beds of limestone on the east. 
I should like to take this opportunity of acknowledging 
the kindness I have received from Professor Lapworth, Dr. 
Callaway, and Mr. La Touche in identifying fossils ; and I am 
specially indebted to Dr. Lapworth for very many useful 
hints on field work, and for numberless ideas that I have 
gathered from him during several very interesting excursions 
in the neighbourhood. 
MIDLAND UNION OE NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETIES. 
OSWESTRY MEETING. 
THE CONVERSAZIONE, August 23rd ; 1892. 
The Conversazione was held at The Quinta, by the kind 
invitation of Colonel and Mrs. Barnes. The evening was in 
all respects a most enjoyable one, the objects of interest 
being as varied as they were numerous. Owing to the 
* Plate VII. is a reduced copy of this sectiou, with the original 
position of the outlier roughly indicated. 
