Oct., 1892. 
PHENOLOGY. 
229 
observations must be made on the systematic plan laid down . 
in the instructions issued by the Society. The observations 
are of little value, having this idea in the mind, if one 
observer finds out all the very earliest specimens of the plants 
and makes notes of those, whilst another will select all the 
very late places for plants coming into flower. Some may 
choose shady places, others, very sunny banks, sheltered from 
all cold winds, or an open, bleak place, for making the 
observations. The instructions should be fairly followed and 
all extremes carefullv avoided. 
*/ 
The best way is to select two or three moderately open 
situations for each plant, and then, every year, observe them 
for the first few flowers, in one or other of the situations 
chosen. For instance, it would not do to observe a plant in a 
very cold shady place one year and another year choose a very 
sunny place for making the observation. This would result in 
anything but uniformity ; they must be so made that they will 
be comparable. There is no need to scour the neighbourhood 
for the very earliest blossom which can be found on either of 
the typical plants : plants in convenient situations should be 
chosen. 
It is useful, in case of illness or absence, to train one 
or two persons to make the necessary observations. Any 
number of observers may send in observations from one 
locality ; they should, however, all be made independently. 
The idea is to get the whole country covered by observers, 
rather than have a few isolated observations. 
The following is a complete list of plants, birds, and 
insects, of which observations are required :— 
Plants. 
1. —Hazel ( Corylus Avellana). 
2. —Coltsfoot (Tussilago Farfara). 
3. —Wood Anemone (Anemone 
nemorosa). 
4. —Blackthorn ( Prunus spinosa). 
5. — Garlic Hedge Mustard ( Sisym¬ 
brium Alliaria). 
6. —Horse Chestnut (JEsculus Hip- 
pocastanum). 
7. —Hawthorn (Crataegus Oxya- 
cantha). 
8. —White Ox-eye (Chrysanthemum 
Leucanthemum). 
9. —Dog Rose (Rosa canina). 
10. —Black Knapweed (Centaurea 
nigra). 
11. —Harebell (Campanula rotundi- 
folia). 
12. —GreaterBindweed((7onuoii;i(iws 
Sepium). 
13. —Ivy (Hedera Helix). 
Birds. 
1. —Song Thrush (Tardus musicus). 
2. —Swallow (Hirundo rustica). 
3. —Cuckoo (Cuculus canorus). 
4. —Nightingale (Daulias luscinia). 
5. —Flycatcher (Muscicapa grisola). 
6. —Swallow (last seen). 
Insects. 
1. —Honey Bee (Apis mellijica). 
2. —Wasp (Vespa vulgaris). 
3. —Small Cabbage White Butterfly 
(Pieris rupee). 
4. —Orange-tip Butterfly (Antho- 
charis cardamines). 
5. —Meadow - brown Butterfly 
(Epinephile Janira). 
