248 
GLACIAL GRAVELS OF THE GLOPPA. 
Nov., 1892. 
which is to be obtained there, and also in respect to the litho¬ 
logical facies of the gravels. The deposit is distinctly glacial, 
there being numerous striated stones, though the bulk of the 
stones are waterworn and rounded. We further find here abun¬ 
dantly northern erratics from the granites of Eskdale and 
Galloway, and probably from other sources, as I have specimens 
of granites not yet identified which are quite distinct from 
that of the sources mentioned ■* chalk flints, probably from 
Antrim ; numerous igneous rocks from the Lake and other 
districts ; together with stones equivalent to the beds exposed 
in some of the upper valleys on the easterly side of the 
Berwyns, but comparatively few local stones, or stones that 
are near home, except a few representatives of the Bala ash 
beds, but none of the Bala “ greenstone ” or diorite beds. 
This greenstone you will have an opportunity of examining 
to-morrow. The molluscan fauna is extensive, and comprises 
almost all the shells characteristic of the glacial gravels. I 
have collected here—ten species of Arctic and Scandinavian 
species not now living in British waters ; nine species of 
Northern type which inhabit Arctic and Scandinavian seas in 
common with our own; two species of southern type of 
British shells, i.e., those which inhabit more southerly waters 
as well as our own ; forty-four species of general British 
species ; total, sixty-five species mollusca ; also Balani, two 
or three species. For the full list see “ Quarterly Journal of 
the Geological Society,” February, 1892 (Vol. 48), to which 
list must be added Pleurotoma costata, a shell which I have 
only found recorded in drift deposits from Selsea, and 
now “ Tectura virginea ” — found on the occasion of our 
visit 24th August. An interesting find was that of Fusits 
antiquus monstr. contrarium , which seems to be a rather 
rare shell, except from deposits near Preston and 
Wexford. No extinct species—but from similar deposits 
in the Isle of Man several extinct species—have been found. 
A fragment of Elephas, probably primigenius, was also dis¬ 
covered ; no doubt it was transported there along with the 
travelled stones, &c. Great interest attaches to the occur¬ 
rence. inter alia, of Lias fossils, in respect to which there has 
been some controversy, and probably will yet be, as, if these 
fossils are genuine, which I have not the slightest reason 
whatever to doubt, and, if they have come from the south¬ 
east, they are an important factor in the problem as to 
whether this deposit owes its origin to having been deposited 
during the era of the “ great submergence,” or whether it is 
*1 have recently found a pebble of the Riebeckite rock, which is 
most probably derived from Ailsa. 
