368 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
[October, 
plants packed in as close as they will stand. Wider 
boxes bring too great a mass of leaves together, 
and there is danger from rotting. 
Cold Frames should be ready for caboage, cauli¬ 
flower, lettuce, and other plants wintered in them. 
Parsnips and Salsify are both handy, and a portion 
may be left in the ground to be dug in spring; 
some think them improved by the winter’s freezing. 
Put earth with those stored to keep them firm. 
Spinach. —Keep the ground loose, and apply a 
covering of hay, etc., only when hard frosts come. 
Squashes. —Cut if there is danger of frost, place 
in heaps and cover with vines. Handle carefully if 
you would have them keep well during the winter. 
Sweet Potatoes. —Dig as soon as frosts touch the 
vines. Keep dry and where the temperature will not 
go below 60 °. 
Manure. —Make all that is possible, and save every 
fertilizing material that may be going to waste in 
the neighborhood ; compost with muck or dry earth. 
Flower C^artleai aaiil JLrvvh. 
This month usually, at least in the northern 
states, brings two or three nights of frost in which 
all the most tender plants are killed, and then there 
will often be two or three weeks of charming 
weather in which those plants not cut down, bloom 
more profusely than ever. It will pay to provide 
Protection against Frosts, and a very little thing 
will answer ; newspapers, if they can be kept from 
blowing away, will do. We prolong the season of 
our Cannas several weeks by setting a pole in the 
center of the bed, and rigging an old sheet tent- 
fashion. The garden is often neglected as the end 
of the season approaches, but it should show 
Good Keeping to the very end. Remove old flow¬ 
er stalks, cut back decaying herbaceous plants, and 
keep down late weeds. Neatness should compen¬ 
sate for any absence of display. 
Dahlias , when the frost blackens the foliage, 
should be cut down; the roots may be left until 
cold weather approaches, when they may be dug, 
labeled, and stored wherever potatoes will keep. 
Bulbs. —Procure the supply of spring flowering 
bulbs early. The catalogues of the dealers give 
full directions for treatment. 
Tender Bulbs , such as Tiger Flower, Jacobean 
Lily, Gladiolus, etc., must be taken up before hard 
frosts, dried, labeled, and wrapped in paper; store 
in a cool place, where it is not too damp, and 
where they will not freeze, and away from mice. 
Cannas. —If the frost touches the leaves, cut at 
once ; the roots will not keep if the foliage is much 
frozen ; store in a warm dry place. 
Pceonies. —Divide early this month if not done last. 
tireenlioiise and Window Plants. 
Everything about the greenhouse should be in 
readiness for sudden occupation. All repairs made, 
the heating apparatus in working order, and all 
places where insects can harbor, cleared out, coal 
or other fuel should be laid in, and pots and soil, as 
well as all other requisites, provided. 
The Cellar is an important adjunct to the green¬ 
house, and especially so to the window garden, as 
there many plants may be kept in reserve, and if 
light, all the potting and other rough work with 
window plants, bulbs, etc., may be done there. 
Bidbs should be potted as soon as received, and 
kept in a dark cellar to form roots. 
Plants for Forcing, such as Bleeding Heart, Deut- 
zia gracilis, Astilbe Japouica, and others are to be 
potted and put in the cellar or cold frame. 
Taking in Plants that have been turned out for 
the summer, must be done before frost. It hardly 
pays to bother with old Geraniums and other quick 
growing things which usually get out of shape, but 
new plants for the window or greenhouse should 
have been provided last month from cuttings. 
Ventilate freely, whether the plants are in green¬ 
house or window, that the transition to a close at¬ 
mosphere may be gradual. 
Insects. —Examine every plant before it is taken 
in, and if any insects are found, place the plant un¬ 
der hospital treatment until clean. 
Window Boxes and Hanging Baskets should now be 
filled, and the plants well established before they 
are taken in-doors. 
-- TO" 
Commercial Matters—Market Prices. 
The following condensed, comprehensive tables, care¬ 
fully prepared specially for the American Agriculturist, 
from our daily record during the year, show at a glance 
the transactions for the month ending Sept. 13th, 1875, 
and for the corresponding month last year: 
1. TRANSACTIONS AT TUK NEW YORK MARKETS. 
Receipts. Flour. Wheat. Corn. Hue. Harley. Oats. 
28 d’s this Ul’th314,000 4,913,500 3,918,000 29,000 41,000 1,061,000 
27 d’s last iu’th361,000 4,117,000 1,984,000 24,000 - 411,000 
Sales Flour. Wheat. Corn. Hue. Barley. Oats. 
28 d’s this m’tti378,000 5,774,000 4,103,000 19.000 36,000" 1,973,000 
27 d’s last m'tlilOT,000 8,711,000 3,105,000 49,000 84,000 1,604,000 
3. Comparison with same period at this time last year. 
Receipts. Flour. Wheat. Corn. Bye. Barley. Oats. 
28 days 1875..314,000 4,913,500 3,918,000 29,000 41,000 1,061,000 
29 days 1S74..316,000 3,071,000 1,967,000 54,000 28,700 758,000 
Sales. Flour. Wheat. Corn. Bye. Barley. Oats. 
23 days 1875. 378.000 5,774,000 4,163,000 19,000 36,000" 1,973,000 
29 days 1871. .348,009 5,143,000 4,716,000 26,000 - 2,304,000 
3. Stock of grain in store at New York. 
Wheat. Corn. Bye. Barley. Oats. Malt. 
bush. bush. lnish. bush. bush. bush. 
Sept. 6,1875. .1,251,321 1,033,086 11,216 1,963 211,069 293,081 
Aug. 9, 1875.. 553,894 783,396 21.608 1,163 591,480 201,029 
May 11.1875.. 969,804 1,542.924 16,124 16.537 545,209 229,655 
Jan. 11,1875. .3,675,122 1,049,900 50,889 191,470 877,014 145.647 
Nov. 9, 1874. .3,6S0,141 1,727,510 19,123 117,185 794,722 135,882 
4. Exports from New York, Jan. 1 to Sep. 9. 
Flour. Wheat. Corn. Bye. Barley. Oats. Peas. 
Mils. hush. bush. bush. bush. bush. bush. 
1875.1,282,722 18.140,047 8,3S7.632 152,333 225 88,472 235,865 
1874.1.529,415 24,462,895 15,829.600 553,050 3.320 86,896 272,105 
1813..966,007 12,160,224 9,813,745 551,093 19,226 26.591 91,270 
Receipts at head of tide-water at Albany each season 
Bye. Barley. Oats. 
bush. bush. bush. 
83,500 32,900 1,155,600 
189,800 74,100 1,263.100 
671,100 27,000 2.233,700 
359,000 470,000 4,811,000 
Current Wholesale Prices. 
'to , 
Sep. 9th. 
Flour 
Wheat. 
Corn. 
bbls. 
bush. 
bush. 
1875 ... 
....•54,800 
11,262.200 
3,693,700 
1874.... 
....57,600 
13,468.000 
12,811,-00 
1873.... 
....07,600 
9,1 S3,200 
10.071.100 
1872.... 
....71,000 
4,215,000 
17,434,000 
Price of Gold. 
Flour— Super to Extra Slate t5 40 
Super to Extra Southern_ 5 35 
Extra Western. C 10 
Extra Genesee. 6 50 
Superline Western. 5 40 
Rye Flour . 5 10 
Corn-51 ea i.. 
Wheat—A ll kinds of White. 
All kinds of Red ami Amber. 
Corn—T ellow.. 
Mixed.. 
White. 
Oats— Western. 
State . 
Rye . 
Barley. 120 
Aug. 12. 
114 
@ 7 15 
@ 8 75 
Sept. 13. 
117 
@ 6 00 
@ 6 25 
IIay—B ale, id 100 lbs 
Straw, ^ 100 Tbs. 
Cotton—M iddlings. 18 lb_ 
Hops—C rop of 1875, fl lb. 
Feathers—L ive Geese, lb 
Seed—C lover, 18 lb . 
Timothy. ¥ bushel. 
Flax. $ bushel. 
Stiqau— Refi’g& GroceryIHb 
Molasses. Cuba. 18gal... 
New Orleans, $ gal.. 
Coffer—R io (Gold). 
Toiiacco, Kentucky, &c., ifttt. 
Seed Leaf, ^ lb . 
Wool—D omestic Fleece, lb 
Domestic, pulled, lb. 
California, clip. 
Tallow, V lb . 
Oil-Cake—V ton.. 
Pork—M ess, 18 barrel.21 65 
Prime Mess. 18 barrel .19 25 
— 
@ 
— 
1 55 
@ 
1 
70 
1 35 
@ 
1 
60 
84%© 
85% 
75 
@ 
84% 
00 
@ 
92 
6l%@ 
71% 
66 
© 
72 
97%@ 
1 
10 
1 20 
® 
1 
25 
$5 15 
5 00 
5 60 
6 00 
5 15 
4 50 
3 50 
1 35 
1 05 
70 
50 
U%® 
18 ® 
35 @ 
11 ' 4 ® 
1 12 % 
@ 90 
14% 
25 
60 
11 if 
40 
90 
1 15 
(ft 6 50 
(ft 8 50 
@ 8 25 
@ 7 25 
Cft 5 65 
(ft 5 75 
@ 4 50 
@ 1 58 
© 1 48 
75 @ 78 
65 (ft 75 
Nominal. 
40 ® 59 
<3 60 
@ 1 00 
@ 1 30 
© 1 10 
@ 85 
2 70 @ 2 87% 
50 
I4%® 
15 @ 
35 ® 
13 ® 
3 00 
14% 
22 
60 
13% 
3 15 
1 85 @ 1 90 ‘ 
1 75 © 
_ 
6%@ 
9% 
7 @ 
9% 
36 © 
45 
32 @ 
43 
70 @ 
72 
62 @ 
68 
17%@ 
20 
17%@ 
20 
9 @ 
24 
S @ 
25 
6 @ 
55 
7 ® 
45 
25 @ 
58 
23 @ 
55 
25 @ 
50 
25 @ 
48 
15 © 
34 
17 @ 
32 
9 © 
— 
9%@ 
9% 
40 00 @45 
00 
41 00 @46 50 
00 
! lb 
50 
Beef—P lain mess. 
Lard, in tres. & barrels, 
Butter—S tate, fUb. 
Western, lb . 
Ciieese. 
Brans— 18 bushel. 
Peas—C anada, free, 18 bu ... 
Eggs—F resh, $ dozen . 
Poultry—F owls. 
Turkeys—18 lb. 
Geese, $1 pair. 
Ducks, pair. 
Pigeons, $ doz. 1 75 
Woodcock, per pair. 00 
Spring Chickens, $ lb. 16 
Turnips 18 bbl . 1 25 
Carbigks—18 100. 1 75 
Onions—¥ bbl. 2 25 
Potatoes—$ bbl. 75 
Sweet Potatoes— 1 ¥t bbl. — 
Broom-corn... 7 
Pe ars, per crate. 75 
Pears, 18 bid. — 
Plums, bush. — 
Grapes, p tb. — 
Apples—W barrel. 1 75 
Ciianrerries— 18 box. — 
Peaches, per crate. . 25 
Green Corn, per 100. 50 
Gp.f.en Peas. V bbl. 1 75 
Tomatoes, $ bush. 75 
String Beans, per bag. 50 
Cucumijf.es, per bush. dox.. 50 
W ATERMELONS, $ 100. 7 00 
StjuAsn. 18 bbl. 50 
Cauliflower, per bbl. 3 00 
Muskmklons, bbl. — 
12 %@ 
16 @ 
14 @ 
@21 
@19 50 
@ 9 50 
14% 
35 
29 
21 25 _ 
19 00 @19 50 
8 00 @ 9 50 
12%@ 13% 
3 
@ 
2 
@ 
10% 
1 50 
@ : 
> 90 
1 
65 
© 
3 00 
Nominal. 
1 
20 
© 
1 30 
21%@ 
25 
18 
@ 
22 
13 
© 
18 
8 
@ 
17 
14 
@ 
17 
16 
@ 
20 
1 25 
@ : 
! 25 
1 
25 
® 
2 50 
@ 87 % 
@ 2 00 
@ 75 
© 20 
@ 1 50 
@ 5 00 
@ 4 00 
@ 2 25 
60 
1 50 
80 
14 
@ 
1 25 
— 1 25 
® 13% 
@ 5 00 
@ - 
® - 
@ - 
© 3 50 
@ — 
@ 2 00 
@ 1 00 
© 3 00 
© 1 75 
@ 1 50 
@ 75 
@35 00 
@ 1 25 
® 5 50 
@ - 
95 
2 37% 
95 
18 
1 25 
1 75 ® 3 75 
' © 1 75 
@ 1 50 
@ 3 50 
@ 13 
@ 4 00 
@ 8 00 
@ 4 50 
@ 10 
® 3 25 
50 
2 75 
2 00 
2 
1 00 
4 00 
50 
© 1 25 
© 1 00 
@ - 
© 60 
@ - 
© - 
@35 00 
@ 1 25 
@ - 
@ 2 00 
Gold lias been up to 117i, and down to 112|, closing 
Sept. 11th at 117, as against 114 on Aug. 12th. 
The movements in Domestic Produce have been quite 
liberal since our last, but prices have been generally rul¬ 
ing lower, under freer offerings of the leading kinds.... 
The Breadstuff' trade has been fairly active, the export 
demand having been good, but with more favorable har¬ 
vest and crop reports, and more urgency on the part of 
receivers to realize, prices have declined materially. 
New crop winter Wheat has been arriving in very poor 
condition, and has been quite difficult to market. A few 
of the best samples have been taken for shipment. New 
crop Oats have also been coming forward in very poor 
order, much of the receipts having been unsound. Con¬ 
siderable purchases, on speculative account, have been 
made of prime new Mixed Chicago Oats, chiefly for Oc¬ 
tober delivery, at 48c. per bushel. New crop Rye has 
been attracting very little attention, and has been much 
depressed in value. New crop Barley has been more 
sought after, mostly for forward delivery, closing quite 
firmly... .Provisions have been unusually variable as to 
price, on free dealings, closing generally in favor of pur¬ 
chasers .... Cotton has been quoted lower, under the very 
liberal arrivals of new crop at the shipping ports. At 
the reduced figures, the dealings have been comparative¬ 
ly large, chiefly for forward deli very.... Wool has been 
more sought after toward the close, and has been quoted 
steadier_Tobacco has been fairly active within our 
range_Hay has been in less request, and quoted cheap¬ 
er... .Seeds have been quiet, and at the close easier in 
price_Hops much lower, and slow of sale_Ocean 
freights have been moderately active, but quoted lower. 
Flour by sail and steam to London, 2s. 3d. per bbl.; 
Grain by sail, to do., 7 d. @ lid. per bushel; Grain 
by steam to Liverpool, and by sail, to do., 
per bushel. Grain tonnage for Cork and orders, 
6 s. 3d. ; for Penartli Roads, and orders, 5s. 9 d. @6 s. ; for 
the Continent, 6s. 3d. 6s. fid. per quarter. 
Sen York I^ivc-Ssoclc Jlarkets. 
RECEIPTS. 
week ending Beeves. Cows. Calves. Sheep. Swine. Tot’l. 
Aug. 23 . 8,200 108 3,030 22,162 17,663 51,168 
Aug. 30. 11,522 66 3,144 24,747 16,975 56,454 
Sent. 6 . 8,903 60 2,072 31,268 17.919 60,827 
Sept.13.9.S90 63 2,440 27.341 18,739 58.473 
Total for 4 TT’eeL?. ,3V>20 297 11,286 105,518 71,301 226,922 
do.for prevA Weeks46,0S3 504 16.6S0 136,110 111,324 310,701 
Beeves. Cows. Calves. Sheep. Swine. 
Average per Week .. 9,630 74 2,S21 26,379 17,825 
do. do. last Month... 9,216 100 3,336 27,222 22,265 
do. do. prev's Month.. 8,453 95 3,860 21,629 25,847 
Beeves. —Serious complaints have been made by 
shippers of stock via Albany, of the treatment of cattle in 
the change to and from the feeding pens in that city while 
on their way to New York. Owners of stock have charged 
that the treatment is “ shameful and outrageous.” The 
effect is seen to some extent in the fact that in one week 
of the past month, 6,800 head were sold at the yards in 
Jersey City, which are supplied by the Erie and other 
railroads, while but 2,000 were sold at the yards at 60th 
street, New York, supplied by the New York Central 
Road. Cruel and inhuman treatment of stock en-route to 
the market is unprofitable to all concerned, and in this 
fact lies the strongest protection for the unfortunate ani¬ 
mals. The market for the past month has been unsteady. 
Opening strong, it gave way soon after to the extent of 
%c. per lb., and another 14c. the following week. This 
last loss was recovered the same day with a firmer tone to 
the market. At the close the tendency was downwards 
for all grades except extra. The best qualities of cattle 
sold in small lots at 13i£c.(a)13%c. $ 1b. to dress 58 lbs. 
pergross cwt.; the range for native steers was 8%c.@13c. 
$ lb to dress 55 to 58 B>s., and Texan and Cherokee cat¬ 
tle sold for 714c.@9c. $ lb to dress 54 to 56 lbs. These 
prices are fully %c. lb. above the rates of the same 
week last year. 
The prices for the past four weeks were as follows: 
WEEK ENDING 
Range. 
Large Sales. 
Aver 
Aug. 23. 
.. 7%@13%e. 
11 @12 c. 
11%C 
Aug. 30. 
Sept. 6. 
. 7%®13%c. 
10%@11%C. 
11 e 
. 7 @13Mc. 
10%@ll%c. 
U c 
Sept. 13. 
. 7%@13%C. 
10%@11%C. 
11 c 
Milch Cows.— The market has been dull through¬ 
out the month, and the hopes of dealers for a better feel¬ 
ing are not yet realized. The demand slowly takes up 
the meager offerings. Prices as we close are $50 to $70 
per head with a dull market_ Calves have been in 
dull but steady demand through the month, easing off’ 
somewhat last week. Fair to good veals sold at the close 
at S,%c.(a>9c. ^ lb. live weight; poor veals brought 6Xc. 
@7c. $ lb. Grass calves sold for $6.75 to $S per head for 
good, and $5.50 to $6 for poor_ Sheep and X.aml>s. 
—The market advanced %c. $ lb. at the beginning of the 
month’s business, with a brisk trade. The improve¬ 
ment lias been maintained notwithstanding the increased 
receipts, and the market closes with an active demand for 
good sheep at 4Xc.la>6Hc. $ lb. live weight, and for 
lambs at 6%c.@S%'c. $ lb. Poor stock is not in favor, 
and is dull of sale... Swine. —The demand has been 
chiefly for dressed hogs. A few heavy State live hogs 
have been sold at Sitfc. $ lb. weighing 250 to 300 lbs. 
Nearly all the arrivals have been consigned direct to 
slaughterers. Dressed hogs have sold at 11c. p) lb., but 
this price was not maintained, and the market for this 
stock fell back to 10c.@.10%c., which arc the closing 
rates. A few live hogs were sold at 8J4c.@8%c. fl lb. 
