1875 .] 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
373 
by the partial coverings in front and rear.... 
First ?>>tory, (fig. 3.)—This story is divided in¬ 
to 3 large and 3 small rooms, and hall. By this 
plan the Kitchen is intended as the Living-room of 
pal Hall included in the central building, is en¬ 
tered through large double doors from the front 
piazza, and connects through doors with the par¬ 
lor, kitchen, and back passage, and contains the 
principal stairs, which 
Fig. 2.—PLAN OP CELLAR. 
the family, and is so arranged as to be the most 
convenient and pleasant room in the house —has large 
windows front and rear, which will admit an abun¬ 
dance of light, and afford an outlook each way. A 
large Range is placed in the fire-place, with a water- 
back connecting with the boiler in the laundry. 
The clock and lamp-shelf is placed on the oppo¬ 
site side of the room from the fire-place; should 
never be over it. Adjoining the kitchen, and con¬ 
nected with it, is a Pantry, containing shelving, 
drawers, and a wash-tray, with cold and hot water. 
The Laundry, or work room, is arranged to connect 
directly with the kitchen and pantry, and leads to 
the rear outside door. This room is fitted up so 
that the principal kitchen work may be done in it, 
with great facility, and with few steps, and con¬ 
tains a closet, sink, pump, wash-tubs, tank, and 
boiler. The hfght of the ceiling in this room is 10 
feet in the clear. The Tank, (not shown in the 
drawings,) is situated close up to the ceiling, above 
the pantry door, is 8 feet long, 3 feet wide, and 2 
feet deep. The Boiler is of copper, 40-gallon ca¬ 
pacity, and is placed directly in the rear of the 
kitchen chimney. The Sink, and wash-tubs, are 
shown on the plan, and are to be provided with 
cold and hot water. The force-pump is placed 
next to the sink, under the tank—by this method 
but little plumbing is required, and a very perfect 
and satisfactory arrangement is secured. The boil¬ 
er keeps the temperature of this room sufficiently 
KITCHEN' 
;s-6x;s 
HALL 
trf, X /5 
1 
I 
lil BED ROOM 
jj 8 X |0 
PIAZZA 
- a - 3 
Fig. 3.-— PLAN OF FIRST STORT, 
warm to prevent damage to the pipes from frost. 
The Bed-room also adjoins the kitchen, and has a 
c.loset for clothing, and two windows. The princi- 
are of easy “platform” 
construction. The Par¬ 
lor has a large bay-win¬ 
dow, marble mantel, 
and adjoins the library 
through large sliding 
doors. The Library has 
a marble mantel, and 
closet, and connects with 
the back passage at the 
rear of the principal 
stairs. The front piazza 
has its ends sheltered by 
the projections at each 
end, and is arranged to 
require but two columns. 
If desirable at any time, 
a part of this piazza can 
be enclosed with sash at 
very little expense, which 
would provide a very 
convenient conservatory 
for plants and flowers. 
The rear “shed” is provided with a roof, and 
columns, but has no wooden floor. It is intended 
that the grounds around the rear of the central 
building shall be graded well up, say within a foot 
of the rear door sills, so as to require but a single 
step, or large flat stone, to each door. Ihe outside 
cellar doors would be made to lay eveu w r ith the 
final grade, and hung to the coping stones of the 
area walls, and the remaining space paved or flagged 
with stone. When once properly done, the finish 
of this character will lasts lifetime without trouble, 
while woodwork could never be satisfactory, and 
would often require renewal. Whenever the 
cellar doors are opened, they are hook¬ 
ed up against the columns, where they 
form a railing, or guard, to prevent the 
usual danger of an open hatchway.... 
The SecoaKl Story, (fig. 4,) has a 
hall, 4 large, and 3 small chambers, with 
4 closets, and stairway leading to the 
attic. Each of the large chambers has 
two windows, and a ventilating register 
in the flue of the chimney adjoining. 
All these rooms have full bight ceil¬ 
ings, and are not so close to the roof 
as to be affected by their absorbed heat 
of sumpaer, but have complete square 
ceilings, with large air spaces be¬ 
tween them and the roofs. The Attic of the princi¬ 
pal building is completely floored, and has windows 
in each gable or pedi¬ 
ment, and may be used 
for storage, drying 
clothes in stormy 
weather, and for many 
other purposes.... 
C'osssli'saciioBi. — 
The estimate appended 
indicates the kind and 
quantity of matcruds- 
used, which will be 
found to be such as are 
now most generally 
adopted for buildings 
of this character. The 
■work is very simple, and 
may be executed by the 
simplest methods. In¬ 
formation concerning 
the application and uses 
of the “felting” may 
be found on page 89 
(March American Agri¬ 
culturist), and other in¬ 
formation concerning 
buildings pf a similar 
character, in the suc¬ 
ceeding numbers. In the May No., page 373, we sug¬ 
gested that “ there are circumstances that would 
justify the building of onp part of q house first,,”- 
Should it be desirable, the central portion of this 
house could be built first, and would be found quite 
sufficient as the dwelling of a small family.... 
Estioiate.—The following estimate has been 
carefully compiled, and may be relied on for quan¬ 
tities, etc. Prices are somewhat lower now, but the 
figures here given form a good basis of calculation : 
G.‘> yards Excavation, if \ 25c. per varrt.SIG.25 
88i feet Foundation, @ 15c. per loot.182.80 
725 “ “ ® U)c. per loot. 12.50 
0,000 brick in Chimneys, @ fir, $ lOCO.aii.t-O 
40 lect Stone Steps and Coning, @ 30 c. per foot. 12.10 
000 yards Lath and Plastering, @ 35c. per yarn.315.00 
4,700 feet Timber, @ 2gc. per loot. 107.07 
viz. Sills, 4x3 in. X21S ft. long. 45 Beams. fix’- in. x.fi ft. l’g. 
1 Girt, 4x8 in. x20 ft. long. 22 ’’ 3x8 in. x22 It. l’g. 
7 Posts, 4x7 in. x221t. long. 15 “ 3x7 in. x 0 ft. l’g. 
2 Posts, 4xT in. xlS ft. long. 4 Valleys, 0x8 in.x20 ft. l’g. 
Ties and Plates, 4x0 in., 3>4 ft. long. 
500 Wall Strips, 2x4 inches xl3 leet long. & 16c. each_80.00 
340 Novelty Siding Boards, Oq in. wide, @ 88c. each.. 120.20 
150 lbs. Tarred Felting, @ 5c. tt>. 7.50 
300 Matched Flooring Boards, 9>- in. wide, ® 3 c. each.105.00 
20 Rough Spruce Plank, @ 25c. eacli. 5.00 
270 Shingling Lath. @ 6c. each. 10.20 
48 bunches Shingles,@ $2 each. 00.00 
75 Hemlock Boards, 10-inch, ® 20c. each. 15.00 
7 Squares of Tin. ® *9 per square. 03.00 
Materials in Cornices and Outside Casings. 00.00 
33 Narrow Pine Flooring for front Piazza, @ 25c. each. 8.25 
07 Narrow Pine Ceiling, @ 25c. each. 16.75 
1 Bay Window complete. 75.00 
26 plain W indows complete, @ $12 eacli.312.00 
4 Cellar Windows, complete, @ $0 each . 24.00 
30 Doors, complete, @ $10 each.300.00 
Stairs, comp’e, $70.00; 8 Closets (fitted conip’e) $40,00..111.00 
2 Marble and 2 Pine Mantels. 50.00 
Nails, $20:00; Range with Elevated < ven, $80.00... ....100.00 
Plumbing, $84.00: Cartage, average one mile, $27.08_111.08 
Carpenter's Labor, not included above.250.n0 
Painting. 120.00 
Total cost, complete...$2,800.90 
Science Applied to Farming—X. 
By Prof. W. O. Atwater, Wesleyan University, 
Middletown, Conn. 
Waste and Saving with Potatoes and Hoots— 
More Feeding Experiments. 
A Correspondent, referring to the experiments 
PARLOR 
/j * /s-q 
Fig. 4.— PI AN OF SECOND STORY. 
described last month, asks, “Are we to conclude 
that potatoes are unprofitable as food for stock? ” 
By no means, if they arc rightly fed. It is a mat¬ 
ter of common experience that stock are healthier, 
and cows give more milk with potatoes or roots 
and hay, than with dry hay alone. But, at the 
same time, there is apt to be a real loss of bay, 
unless some nitrogenous food, like oil-cake, malt- 
sprouts, beans, peas, or bran, are mixed with the 
potatoes or roots. There is loss of hay because less of 
it is digested and utilized as food. The rest, that 
would be digested in right feeding, is passed off as 
excrement, and is useful only for manure. 
The ease is simply this: If the mixed food contains 
too little nitrogen (albuminoids), and too much 
starch, sugar, or other carbo-hydrates, the animals 
cannot digest it completely. Only the best qualities 
of hay furnish as much nitrogen as is needed by 
working cattle or milch cows. Potatoes contain very 
little nitrogen, and a great deal of starch. So sugar- 
beets are poor in albuminoids, and rich in sugar, 
and sugar, like starch, is entirely a carbo-hydrate. 
Mix considerable of these with bay, straw, coi-n- 
stalks, or even clover, and the ration will still lack 
nitrogen, and there will be loss of valuable food 
material. But if nitrogenous food He added, at tlic 
