406 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
[November, 
Contents for November, 1875, 
Calendar for November. 
Agricultural Journals.412 
Bee Notes. 2 Illustrations. .438 
Bladder for Giving Injections— . Illustrated . .421 
Boys and Girls’ Columns—Bantam and Brahma— 
November—Keeping a Canary—Brightening all it 
Can—Doctor’s Talks—Aunt Sue’s Chats—Aunt Sue’s 
Puzzle Box-The Biggest Land Tortoise. .3 111. .430-432 
Catalogues Received.412 
Chain, How to Mend.2 Illustrations. .420 
Cheese, Oleo-Margarine.. ... ..422 
Cistern, Rock.2 Illustrations. .422 
Cows, To Prevent Sucking Themselves.2 111 ..420 
Drains, Cleaning.6 Illustrations. .420 
Ducks, Some Wild. A Illustrations .417 
Fall Pasture, Value of.423 
Fence, a Portable. Illustrated. Alt) 
Florida Torreya. 427 
Flower-Garden and Lawn for November. ... 407 
Fruit Garden for November.407 
Fruit Packages, Portable.2 Illustrations ..423 
Gardening for Pleasure.426 
Gooseberry, Roe's Seedling. Illustrated. .424 
Grapes in Ohio, Some New.426 
Greenhouse and Window Plants for November.408 
Greenhouse Taking Fire.423 
Household Department—Childhood in City and Coun¬ 
try Compared—A Royal Dish—Box for Stove Polish 
—Common Sense in the Household—Home Topics— 
3 Illustrations . 427-430 
House Plan.4 Illustrations .. 415-416 
Jersey Cow, “Palestine ”. Illustrated ..405 
Kitchen Garden for November . 407 
Market Report for November.408 
Ogden Farm Papers, No. G9—Baths in Germany— 
Ox-Vokes—Roads.3 Illustrations. 414-415 
Orchard and Nursery for November.407 
Peaches, How to Make Money on.427 
Rail Holder.... Illustrated. .423 
Roots, Pit for Storing.3 Illustrations. .421 
Sale of Short-horns in Great Britain.422 
Science Applied to Farming.413 
Sewage, Use of Town—.422 
Sheep-skins, What Becomes of. 423 
Sheep, To Prevent from Jumping. Illustrated. .421 
Split Hoof, To Cure.6 Illustrations. .421 
Verbena, Hardy Garden. Illustrated. .425 
Walks and Talks Correspondence.. .2 Illustrations.. 43S 
Walks and Talks on the Farm, No. 143—Crops— 
Northern Spy Apple—Good Farming—Manure—Cut¬ 
ting Feed. ...2 illustrations.. 418-419 
Water for Irrigation. 420 
Wind-Power—Wind-Engines.419 
Work, Hints About.406 
Yellow Wood or Virgilin.. .. . Illustrated. AHA 
INDEX TO “BASKET,” 
Advertisements, Reading411 
Agriculturist, German.. .411 
Barrenness, Remedy for.437 
Catalogue, Such’s.410 
Chemical Paint, Avery.. .409 
Corn-Hnsker, New.412 
Corn, Husking by Ma¬ 
chinery-. 410 
Cow, Prize. .409 
Cow, Prolific.411 
Cow, What to do with a 
Poor. 437 
Eggs, to Preserve.439 
Fair, Illinois State.409 
Fair, New York State. ...411 
Feeding and Fodder.... .437 
Fish-Culture Education¬ 
ally.439 
Fruit at the Pomological 
Society. 409 
Gardening for Pleasure. .409 
Gardens, Kew. .411 
Grain-Seed Separator_409 
Grass fora Swale.439 
Guano in the West, Use of!37 
Guernsey Herd, Sale of a.409 
Horse, Book on the.439 
Humbugs, Sundry.409 
Insects and Smut, and 
Potato Rot.411 
Lime, Plowing Under.. .409 
OE SHORTER ARTICLES. 
Manure, Drawing in Win¬ 
ter .410 
Manure in California, 
Keeping.437 
Matters, as to Several.. .437 
Milk, Deep and Shallow 
Setting of.439 
Muck.411 
Oils, Making Seed.410 
Peaches, Why they did 
not Sell....411 
Pedigrees, Value ot.411 
Phosphate, Patent.411 
Potato-Rot, Cause & Cure412 
Poultry, Books upon... 411 
Poultry Fancier, Inexpe¬ 
rienced.411 
Poultry Houses, Asbestos 
Rooting for. .409 
Poultry Keeping.409 
Rifle Practice, Manual for410 
Sheep, Feeding forProfit411 
Spelling, Improved.. ...409 
Texas.439 
Thick Sowing or Planting411 
“ Thoroughbred ” and 
“Arabian”. 439 
Urine of the Horse.409 
Wheat Flour.409 
Wheels for Farm Wagons439 
Zoology, First Book of. .411 
The l,.oss of si Horse’s Hoof.—“H. 
S.,” Utah. The loss of a hoof by accident, is not beyond 
remedy. The structure of a horse’s hoof is such as to 
enable a growth of new horn to commence from the coro¬ 
net, and cover the foot in course of time. It is necessary 
to keep the horse in slings at least a portion of the time, 
so that the injured foot can not be brought to the ground, 
and to arrange the slings so that the horse can not lie 
down. The treatment is simply to feed the horse cool¬ 
ing nutritions food, and to dress the foot daily with 
such stimulating applications as will encourage the 
growth of the new horn. Such simple preparations as 
the compound tincture of benzoin, or tincture of myrrh, 
will generally serve this purpose. If unhealthy granula¬ 
tions (“ proud flesh”) occur, they should be touched with 
a solution of nitrate of silver. - ——. 
Boston. NEng¬ 
land. N. York 
State , Michi- 
N. Y. City, Cl., 
Philadelphia , 
New Jersey. 
Washington, 
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PHASES OF THE MOON. 
1st Quart 
Full M’n 
3d Quart. 
New M’n 
BOSTON. 
it. jr. 
5 S mo. 
4 46 mo. 
7 53 ev. 
6 59 ev. 
N. 
YORK. 
WASH’N.I 
cha’ston 
CHICAGO 
IT. 
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mo 
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32 
mo. 
4 
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4 
33 mo. 
4 
22 
mo 
4 
10 
mo. 
3 
40 
mo 
7 
40 ev. 
7 
29 
ev. 
7 
17 
ev. 
G 
47 
ev 
6 
46 ev. 
G 
35 
ev. 
6 
23 
ev. 
5 
53 
ev. 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
NEW YORK, NOVEMBER, 1875. 
One of the most interesting questions to the 
farmer just now is, how he may make the most out 
of his stock. The common native stock of the 
country is not sufficiently profitable. It produces 
too little beef, butter, woo], mutton, pork and lard, 
and it takes too long to produce what it does, to he 
profitable in this rapidly moving age. Farmers 
must float with the stream of improvement, or 
they will find themselves cast high and dry upon 
the banks. Feed is the farmer’s raw material, and 
his stock the machinery, from which he manufac¬ 
tures his wares. No matter how skillfully he feeds, 
if his machines are imperfect or slow in action, his 
wares must necessarily cost too much. To improve 
his machinery, that is the stock which he feeds, is 
as needful as to study how to feed. All the inves¬ 
tigations and experiments he, and others for him, 
can make go for nothing, if the animals he feeds 
cannot digest and assimilate the food in sufficient 
quantity to turn it into salable material fast enough. 
In order that this may done more rapidly, breeders 
have, for years, been improving their stock. 
Cattle, sheep, and pigs of improved breeds come to 
maturity and reach double their weight at half the 
age of the unimproved breeds. Unfortunately we 
are bewildered when we hear and read of the mar¬ 
velous prices at which some of these animals are 
sold. Clearly they are out of the farmer’s reach. 
But it would be wrong to suppose that he is there¬ 
fore debarred from improving his stock by the use 
of improved animals. The past month over 1000 
head of Short-horn cattle have been sold at various 
public sales. Many of these have been of the fan¬ 
cy sort, valued at very high prices for their pedi¬ 
grees. No complaint can be made if a wealthy 
man chooses to give §10,000 for one of these ani¬ 
mals, any more than if he gives the same amount 
for a diamond. He injures no one, and does at 
least some good with his surplus money. But for¬ 
tunately he has no monopoly of the really good cat¬ 
tle. A good judge of stock would be equally well, 
or better, satisfied with an animal that at the same 
sale brings hut §200 or $500, simply because its 
family is not so fashionable, or it has not “so sweet 
a hcadf Hundreds of valuable bulls are sold every 
year, at prices that any prosperous fanner can af¬ 
ford to give, and which will bring him a handsome 
profit. The prize milk cow at the New York State 
Fair this year, was a grade Short-horn, sired by a 
bull that is not valued at more than $150, if so 
much. The fattest steer was of the same kind. 
There were two-year-old sheep weighing 280 ihs., 
and yearling pigs that weighed over 300 lbs., and 
the sires of these animals could have been pur¬ 
chased for $50 each. To use such animals as these 
would in a short time double the value of our 
farm stock. Let no one then he deterred from in¬ 
vestigating this matter of improved stock, because 
some rich men choose to make a fancy of a certain 
class of it, and give what some may think ridicu¬ 
lous prices for it. We gave $5, (a ridiculous price 
it was thought), for our first pound of Early Rose 
potatoes, and the second year we gave aw’ay more 
than §5 worth to friends, and sold $125 -worth at $1 
a bushel from the produce of that pound. Im¬ 
proved stock ought to be a better thing to have 
than an improved potato, and it is, provided it is 
used with judgment and well cared for. 
Mints about ’IVoirlc. 
Wheat and Rye. —Many farmers who did not have 
manure at sowing time, or who had not time to 
draw it out, are now spreading it upon the fields. 
If it is well rotted and fine, it is well to do this. 
But we never found any benefit from top-dressing 
wheat or rye with coarse fresh manure at this sea¬ 
son. As a mulch it is of little good scattered here 
and there in patches. We would rather save all 
the coarse manure, and pile it and turn it over, so 
as to get it in fine condition by the spring, and then 
use it as a top-dressing. Plants require food, and 
manure is not food until it is reduced by rotting, 
and brought into a condition digestible by the plant. 
Fodder Crops. —Either wheat or rye may yet be 
sown for early spring pasturage or soiling. Rye 
gives less foliage than wheat, but it is hardier, and 
although the seed may not sprout now, it will grow 
very early in the spring, and make a good growth 
in time for use. In the south winter tares and oats 
may he sown for early feed either alone or mixed. 
If mixed, nearly as much seed may be sown as if 
alone ; the two crops will grow together, and yield 
about as much as if separate. Two bushels of each 
mixed may he sown on an acre. 
Root Crops. —Turnips will yet make considerable 
growth. On rich soil where the crop is heavy, 
nothing is gained by leaving it any longer. The 
roots will become coarse and woody. Moderate 
sized roots are more nutritious than large over¬ 
grown ones. A crop of 25 tons is now worth as 
much to feed, as it would he if left a month longer 
to make 30 tons. 
Meadows.— Top-dressing is -worth more to grass 
lands than any other crop. But we would not top- 
dress any hut permanent meadows. For sed to be 
plowed up in the spring, it would he better to rot 
the manure and apply it as near the seed as possi¬ 
ble. As there is a difference of opinion on this 
matter, and as the quality of manure and that of 
the soil varies, it would be well for each to test the 
question by experiment for himself. 
Storing Roots. —Root crops and potatoes should 
he secured from frost as they are gathered, and 
tops will be a sufficient covering until heavy frosts 
are expected, when the pits should be well secured, 
or the roots removed to the cellar. See page 426. 
Fall Fallowing may still be done ; heavy soils are 
improved by being fall plowed and left rough 
through the winter. Moderately light land intend¬ 
ed for oats, or spring wheat, should also be plowed 
now and left in ridges which can be harrowed 
down early in spring. Ground for early potatoes 
should also be plowed now. Sod for corn, and 
sandy soils, should be left unplowed until spring. 
Stock should now go into winter quarters. Noth¬ 
ing is gained, and much is lost by allowing them to 
roam the wet sodden fields, and obliging them to 
eat frozen coarse stuff that has no more nutriment 
than wood-chips. Exercise during a portion of the 
day in a yard or small lot will be beneficial. To 
feed all farm stock so as to keep them thrifty is the 
right method; overfeeding is as injurious as under¬ 
feeding, and irregular feeding as bad as or worse 
than either. Feed regularly and generously, and 
