220 
STRUCTURE OF THE TITTERSTONE CLEE HILL. 
The notch depends upon the elongation of the upper extremi¬ 
ties of the two valves of the capsule, which elongation takes 
place mostly after the fading of the flower. In the young 
capsules the notch is always less marked. Now an entire 
leaf generally indicates greater vegetative energy than a 
divided one, the divisions being probably caused by a defici¬ 
ency of material. A vigorous form, therefore, will have a 
tendency to entire leaves and ample growth of capsule, the 
lobes elongating freely and producing a deep notch. 
The length of the style, and the minute variations of the 
calyx, which are used by some writers in characterising the 
varieties of Capsella, do not seem to me of much practical 
value. 
That the variations are not mostly due to varieties of 
soil is evident from the fact that of these eight forms, all but 
1 and 2 may be found growing intermixed in my own 
kitchen garden. Densifolia may be a stunted form peculiar 
to dry situations, and gracilis is supposed by Jordan to be a 
barren hybrid, its small undeveloped capsules being generally 
sterile. 
THE GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OE THE 
TITTERSTONE CLEE HILL.* 
BY THE REV. J. D. LA TOUCHE. 
It is hardly necessary for me to remark, for it is fully 
admitted by all who have studied the subject, that the rocks 
which lie scattered around us here, and of which this hill is 
chiefly composed, are of igneous origin—that they have been 
at one time in a state of fusion. In fact it is possible to 
re-melt them, which cannot be done with sedimentary rocks, 
and some years ago it was attempted to mould this basalt 
into ornamental form for architectural purposes ; but as it 
was found that the surface soon weathered into an unsightly 
rusty brown, the project was given up. 
It may perhaps be of interest to describe the principal 
features of these igneous rocks. They are by Sir C. Lyell 
divided into two chief classes : 1st, those which have been 
poured out over the surface of existing land, or intruded 
between strata at no great distance from the surface, or 
* An address delivered to the Caradoc Field Club on the occasion 
of their visit to the Hill, May 19tli, 1885. 
