This is one of the most common species in all sections. It is extremely variable in color. 
The prevailing color is white, though it occurs yellowish, brown or blackish brown. In Eu¬ 
rope the illustrations are mostly white, bright green or bright yellow. We have collected pale 
greenish yellow specimens in Penn., though" the bright green and yellow forms are not re¬ 
corded in this country. We have twenty different records where this plant is mentioned from 
California to Vermont and from Canada to North Carolina. (See illustration on previous page.) 
Amanita verna. This species, or rather form of phalloides, for it has no distinguishing 
marks, has been recorded from various places. It is simply a slender, pure white form of 
phalloides which occurs in early spring. 
5. Amanita magnivelaris. Stipe slender with a bulbose base tapering 
and rooting. Ring large. Spores elliptical. (See Appendix p. 13.) 
Described by Prof. Peck in 1897. The author does not state that the “appressed remains” 
form a cup at the base of the stipe, but we judge they do from his comparing the plant to verna. 
6. Amanita virosa. Pileus smooth, even, at first conical and acute. 
Stipe slender, volva globose. Spores globose. (See Stevenson, p. 3.) 
This species is pure white and is very close to phalloides differing only in the more acute 
form of the pileus especially when young. The stem is also more scaly. It has been recorded, 
N. C., Curtis; Ind., Underwood; Cal., H. & M.; Ohio, Lea; Alabama, U. & E.; Iowa, McBride,; 
New England, Sprague. 
SECTION 2. 
Volva separating circumcisally the lower part 
remaining as a definite crowm to the bulbous base 
of the stipe or a definite ring surrounding the 
lower portion of the stipe. 
Several species in the following section by rights belong 
here, but most of them instead of the volva forming an en¬ 
tire ring at the base of the stipe, breaks up into scales often 
disposed in rings. The difficulty of deciding from the often 
imperfect description of American species where to place 
the species has induced me to throw all the doubtful ones 
into the next section. 
KEY. 
Stipe globose at the base, the bulb crowned by the entire 
ring,.7 mappa. 
Stipe enlarged (but not globose) at the base encircled by 
one or more rings.8 pantherina. 
7. Amanita mappa. Pileus dry, even, 
covered with scales, volva circumscissile, the stipe 
globose at base. (See Stevenson, p. 4.) 
All of the species of the preceding section have a free 
Fig. 4. Volva separating ™lya splitting at the top, hence the pileus is devoid 9 f 
circumscissile scales excepting a few fragments of the volva which acci¬ 
dentally may adhere to it, but in this species and those 
following the volva separates circumscissile, the upper portion being carried up and broken 
into scales on the pileus. 
It is recorded N. C., Curtis ; New England, Frost; Minn., Johnson. We suspect the species 
does not occur in this country and that the above records are all based on unusually warty 
specimens of phalloides Peck in his early days reports it, but omits it entirely in the more re¬ 
cent synopsis of the N. Y. series. The species could be readily recognized by the free entire 
crown to the globular bulbous base of the stipe, whereas in phalloides the free globular volva 
has the same general appearance, but it surrounds the base of the stipe. 
8. Amanita pantherina. Pileus with a viscous pellicle, margin striate. 
Stem stuffed, then hollow T , greaved at the base by the circumscissile volva. (See 
Stevenson, p. 6) 
Recorded from N. C. “frequent” by Schweinitz (under the name umbrina), also Penn. It 
can not be common in N. Y., as Peck does not report it until’88. Wisconsin, Bundy; N. C., 
Curtis; Indiana, Underwood; Cal., II. & M.; Cincinnati, Lea, Morgan; Ala.. Atkinson; 
Iowa, McBride: Minn., Johnson ; Dr. Ilerbst, (Penn.) finds it every summer in the jungle back 
of his house. 
It appears to me that the species is characterized by a feature not found in many other 
species, and on which very little stress is placed in any of the books, viz.:—It is furnished at 
the base with two or more entire rings or collars “anello spurio” as Vittadini calls them. 
These rings are very distinct and evident in every specimen preserved in my museum and 
in many of the European illustrations, notably Vittadini, (T. :-$9) (though poorly shown in 
Cook’s ligure.) They are formed by the circular laceration of the outer coat of the stipe near 
the base and have no relation to the scales often found at the bases of Amanitas which are 
remains of the volva. 
European descriptions and plates usually represent this plant as brown, (olivaceus-umber) 
but in this country it is very light color, usually white with a slightly darker disk. 
