RADII'S AXD ULNA. 
The radius has a total length of 212 mm., with a proximal 
articular cup 1 1 mm. x 9 mm. in diameter, while the distal 
articular size of the bone is 16 mm. wide, forming a convex con¬ 
dyle that articulates with the radial carpal. The greatest 
diameter of the shaft of this bone is 7 mm. 
The radial carpal, including its semi-ossified articular ex¬ 
tensions, : s 20 mm. x 15 mm., and 13 mm. in thickness. The 
first of the measurements, just cited, would be reduced to about 
15 nun. in a macerated specimen, owing to the loss of halt- 
ossified cartilage. 
The ulna has a total length of 222 mm., a proximal width 
of 24 mm. x 17 mm., the distal end being 16 mm. x 16 mm. 
The diameter of the shaft at 50 mm. from the proximal end is 
13 mm. x 1 1 mm., while in its centre the bone measures 11 nun. 
x 10 mm. 
The ulnar carpal is a J-shaped bone, with articular dia¬ 
meters equal to 12 nun. and 7 111111.—a greatest width of 14 mm. 
and a total length of 18 mm. 
Neither radius nor ulna is penetrated by pneumatic 
foramina. The nutrient foramen of the radius is situated 77 
111111. from the proximal end of the bone; that of the ulna is 80 
nun. from the same end. 
CARPO-M ETACARPFS. 
The carpo-metacarpus, which is very stoutly built, is 105 
nun. long, with a proximal width of 25 111111. x 13 mm., and a 
distal width of 21 mm. x 12 mm. The pollex is 32 nun. long, 
with a proximal width of 12 nun. x 12 111111. 
The greatest width of the two ankylosed shafts of the carpo- 
metacarpus is 17 mm. 
The wide phalanx of the second digit is 39 nun. long and 
17 mm. across its centre. The proximal articular width is 11 
111111. x 1 1 nun., and the similar distal measurement 8 nun. x 6 
nun. 
The next phalanx of the second digit is 28 111111. long, with 
proximal articular measurements 9 mm. x 9 mm. The single 
phalanx of the third digit is 18 nun. long. 
RIB SYSTEMS. 
There are nine pairs of ribs, of which the two anterior pairs 
are freely suspended, and the remainder reach the sternum; the 
ossified sternals articulate directly with the costal border in 
