INDIVIDUALISM IN ART. 
249 
around him; these drawings are fairly numerous, and repre¬ 
sent the most elementary stage of the plastic arts. These 
cave men were excellent artists in their way; their names 
have not come down to us, so we cannot speak familiarly of 
them, but, nevertheless, we feel our indebtedness and give 
them our thanks accordingly. Next, speaking roughly, after 
the drawings on the bones found in the cave deposits, come 
the remains of early pottery, rough masses of clay moulded 
by the hands and sun-dried. Then we get pottery made on 
the primitive potter’s wheel, and dried by fire. Then come 
rude attempts at ornament, drawings on the outer surfaces of 
the domestic utensils made of clay, or carvings on the exteriors 
of gourds. The development of pottery through the varied forms 
of domestic utensils, urns for the ashes of the dead, and other 
things ornamental and useful, at length resulted in Sculpture. 
Where Painting commenced it is difficult to say. It is 
certain, however, that it is a, development from the drawings 
of the cave men, and probably progressed along with pottery, 
but from its nature all remains of its earliest forms have 
perished. The various forms of fresco, oil, and water-colour 
painting with which we are familiar are naturally a high 
development. We know that the Greeks were acquainted 
with the art of painting, but from the evidences which have 
survived it seems certain that this Art had not reached to 
anything like the perfection to which its sister art, sculpture, 
had attained. 
Music has had a most remarkable development, con¬ 
sisting first in the beating of drums and other rude 
instruments, which formed an accompaniment to the savage 
yells and cries, and still more savage and hideous dances and 
contortions of the body, of an early uncivilised people. 
Poetry, too, had the same origin, for the wild, almost 
incoherent, songs of these uncultivated people were the first 
attempts of human beings to give utterance to their feelings 
in language possessing a rudimentary kind of rhythm. Just 
as the rude outline drawings on bones and antlers preceded 
sculpture and painting, so the wild choruses of savage or 
semi-savage races preceded music and poetry. 
In these low forms of Art we cannot trace any distinct 
individuality. They were collective, being of a uniform 
character, varying but slightly, and having no distinguishing 
mark. It is not till the highest forms of Art are reached 
that originality and individuality begin to manifest themselves. 
The early or collective forms of Art were used solely for the 
purposes of decoration and ornament. As ornament applied 
to persons, we find them in the tattooing of the body, in the 
