810 
APPENDIX. 
In the water, Nuphar advena (yellow pond-lily), some poiamoge- 
tons (pond-weed), Sagittaria mriabilis (arrow-head), Siurn lineare ? 
(water-parsnip). 
Of these, those conspicuously in flower the last of July, 1857, 
were : rue, Solidago lanceolata and squarrosa , Diplopappus umbellatus , 
Aster radula, Lilium Canadense, great and small purple orchis, Mi- 
mulus ringens, blue flag, virgin's-bower, &c. 
The characteristic flowers in swamps were : Rubus trijlorus (dwarf 
raspberry), Calla palustris (water-arum), and Sarracenia purpurea 
(pitcher-plant). On burnt grounds: Epilobium angustifolium , in full 
bloom (great willow-herb), and Erechthites hieracifolia (fire-weed). 
On cliffs: Campanula rotundifolia (harebell), Cornus Canadensis 
(dwarf cornel), Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (bearberry), Potentilla tri - 
dentata (mountain cinquefoil), Pteris aquilina (common brake). 
At old camps, carries, and logging-paths: Cirsium arvense (Canada 
thistle), Prunella vulgaris (common self-heal), clover, herds-grass, 
Achillea millefolium (common yarrow), Leucanthemum vulgare (white- 
weed), Aster macrophyllus, Halenia deflexa East Branch (spurred 
gentian), Antennaria margaritacea (pearly everlasting), Actcea rubra 
and alba, wet carries (red and white cohosh), Desmodium Canadense 
(tick-trefoil), sorrel. 
The handsomest and most interesting flowers were the great 
purple orchises, rising ever and anon, with their great purple spikes 
perfectly erect, amid the shrubs and grasses of the shore. It seemed 
strange that they should be made to grow there in such profusion, 
seen of moose and moose-hunters only, while they are so rare in 
Concord. I have never seen this species flowering nearly so late 
with us, or with the small one. 
The prevailing underwoods were : Dirca palustris (moose-wood), 
Acer spicatum (mountain maple), Viburnum lantanoides (hobble- 
bush), and frequently Taxus baccata, var. Canadensis (American 
yew). 
The prevailing shrubs and small trees along the shore were : 
osier rouge and alders (before mentioned) ; sallows, or small wil¬ 
lows, of two or three kinds, as Salix humilis, rostrata, and discolor ?, 
Sambucus Canadensis (black elder), rose, Viburnum opulus and nu¬ 
dum (cranberry-tree and withe-rod), Pyrus Americana (American 
mountain-ash), Corylus rostrata (beaked hazel-nut), Diervilla trifida 
(bush-honeysuckle), Prunus Virginiana (choke-cherry), Myrica gale 
