Notes on the Flora around Adelaide. lii 
is common, scattered over the paddocks or forming thickets. Aloe, 
Agave and Opuntia have all been used as hedge plants at different 
times but their rate of spread is not rapid. 
The above plants, however, have all taken possession of land 
on which man, by cultivation, has produced a set of conditions that 
are foreign to the native species. There are, however, examples of 
alien plants that maintain themselves side by side with the original 
flora when the latter has not been subjected to a severe change of 
conditions. Gomphocarpus occurs commonly in the scrub on the 
foothills. The creeks have proved channels of invasion of much of 
the hills area. Nasturtium officinale and Mentha viridis, especially 
the latter, may be found in the beds of streams far above the area 
under constant occupation. In many districts of the hills Cytisus 
canariensis quickly invades any burnt scrub or may even capture 
areas where no fire has prepared a way. 
I am indebted to my wife for the drawings forming text-figures 
2 and 3, and for assistance in many other ways. 
The Botanical Laboratory, 
Adelaide University, 
October, 1913. 
EXPLANATION OF PLATES I and II. 
Plate I. 
Fig. 1. Mangrove swamp near mouth of Port Adelaide Creek. The 
mangroves (Avicennia officinalis) are following a small drainage channel. The 
ground vegetation in the left of the foreground is Salicornia australis. On the 
left can also be seen part of a bush of Salicornia arbuscula nearly a metre high. 
Fig. 2. Sand-hill vegetation near Brighton. The photograph shows a 
valley between two ranges of dunes. In the foreground Spinifex liirsutus. The 
bushes are largely Olearia axillaris and Scavola crassifolia. 
Fig. 3. View from sandhills looking inland across drainage channel from 
Reed beds to Port Adelaide creek. The trees are Melaleuca spp. growing along 
channel and round brackish pools. The undergrowth is Salicornia spp., Samolus, 
etc. 
Plate II. 
Fig. 1. Junction of quartzite (left) and slate and limestone (right). The 
precipitous face to the left with Casuarina and Dodoncea shows in sharp contrast 
to the grassy slopes on the right. 
Fig. 2. View from a head of a gully looking over the plain. Vegetation 
in foreground Acacia pycnantha (left) and Casuarina. In the distance the level 
plain, under cultivation, can be distinguished. 
Fig. 3. Scrub on river sands of Blackwood plateau. Lepidosperma and 
small shrubs in foreground, centre (left) Xantliorrhcea semiplanata (right) Hakea 
ulicina. 
