New and Little Known WesUHimalayan Liverworts. 315 
small amount of tissue. Or it may grow out into a large shoot 
(Fig. 3, c, d ) which may remain simple or may divide. Again, 
sometimes, the adventitious shoot divides very soon and very near 
the old apex, so that it seems as if the main shoot itself had forked, 
but there is a groove between the new shoot and the wings of the 
old shoot. 
Fio. 4. Stephensoniella brevipedunculata : a, longitudinal section of thallus 
x 50 ; b, stoma seen from above, x 200 ; c, d, ventralscales, x 50 ; e, transverse 
section of carpocephalum stalk (peduncle), x 50 ; /, vertical section of carpoce- 
phalum with two ripe sporogonia (cf. Fig. 3, e ), x 20 ; ai/.=calyptra ; g, part 
of capsule wall in surface view, x 200 ; It, parts of capsule wall in longitudinal 
section x 200 ; i, spore, x 200 ; j, elaters, x 200; k, elater-like cells from apex 
of capsule, x 200. 
