164: 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST, 
[May,' 
iug. If allowed to get tall enough to fall over, they 
do not climb readily. Sow for a late crop. 
Peppers .—Treat the same as Egg-Plant. 
Rhubarb .—Plants set this spring should not be 
gathered from. Pull —not cut—the leaves from old 
plants. They come off readily with a sidewise pull. 
Spinach .—Weed and hoe the early planted, and 
cow for later. For summer spinach, sow the New 
Zealand when the soil is warm, and the Spinach 
Beet, early. Both are excellent. 
Sweet Potatoes .—The directions for field culture 
on page 175, will in the main answer for the garden. 
We prefer to grow them on well manured ridges. 
Set the plants well down to the first leaf, and 
should they be injured by frost, they will start anew. 
If the ridges have not been freshly made, use wa¬ 
ter in the holes at planting. 
Squashes .—Bush kinds started under glass may 
be set out. Sow in the open ground when warm 
enough. Make hills for bush sorts 4 feet each way. 
For Boston Marrow, 8 feet, and for Hubbard, 10 
feet. Make the hills rich, and for the running 
sorts the rest of the soil rich also, as they root at 
the joints of the vine. 
Tomatoes .—Put out when danger of frost is over. 
In field culture the vines are allowed to fall down. 
In the garden use a trellis. One is figured on 
page 18:2, and others were figured last year. 
Winter Cherry , also called Strawberry Tomato, 
Allekengi, and Ground Cherry, is a relative of the 
Tomato, with a fruit the size of a small cherry and 
enveloped in a loose husk. It makes excellent 
sweetmeats, and the fruit is esteemed by many to 
eat raw. Sow early, and transplant the same as to¬ 
matoes. The vine is low, and does not need a trellis. 
Flower-Garden mi«l Lawn. 
Lawns .—To have a fine close turf, it is essential 
that the ground should be rich, the seed thickly 
sown, and the grass be mown frequently. Weeds 
for the most part flourish best in a soil too poor for 
earth in a warm comer of the garden, and throw a 
rug or other cover over them every night. 
Evergreens are best moved this month. Suc¬ 
cess depends upon keeping the roots from drying. 
Green-lionse and Window Plants. 
Window plants usually go out of doors altogeth¬ 
er, but it is less the custom than formerly to turn 
everything out of the green-house. It is but little 
more trouble to properly care for the plants in the 
house than out of doors, and the liability to injury 
is much less. By proper shading of the glass and 
ventilation, plants can be kept in good condition. 
Shelter .—Plants out of doors should be sheltered 
from the winds and in part from the sun. Camel¬ 
lias especially need shade. 
Plunging —setting the pot up to the rim in soil— 
is done to avoid the necessity of frequent watering 
and for ornamenting the border. Put coal ashes in 
the bottom of the hole in which the plant is set, to 
prevent worms from gaining access to the pot. 
Fuchsias bloom much better in partial shade than 
in the sun. In this country they do poorly as bed¬ 
ding plants. Well-grown specimens make a fine 
show upon a veranda where they have some shade. 
New York liive-Stoclc Markets.— 
week ending. Beeves. Cows. Calves. Sheep. Swine. Tot’l. 
March 
21st.. 
.. 4,903 
175 
do. 
28th....... 
.. 6,711 
133 
April 
4th. 
.. 4,953 
124 
inn. 
,. 5,748 
100 
Total in 4 Weeks .. 
..22,325 
532 
do. forprev. i Weeks 24,275 
519 
1,046 13,70 1 9,626 29,354 
1,264 20,134 13,219 41.461 
1,640 13,321 9,611 29,679 
1,885 15,862 10,193 33,788 
5.835 63,021 42,579 134,232 
3,162 100,807 55,111 183,904 
Beeves. Cows. Calves. Sheep. Swine. 
Averaqe per Week .5,581. 133 1,459 15,755 10,645 
do. do. last Month .6,009 130 790 25,202 13,785 
do. do. prev's Month... .6,466 102 532 28,128 14,015 
Average per Week, 1809 . 6,275 92 1,752 28,836 15,343 
do. do. do. 1868 . 5,733 105 1,583 27,182 18,809 
do. do. do. 1867 . 5,544 61 1,320 22,154 20,605 
do. do. do. 1S66 . 5,748 94 1,200 20,000 13,000 
do. do. do. 1805 . 5,255 118 1,500 16,091 11,023 
Total in 1809...320,280 4,827 91,083 1,499,500 798,199 
Total in 1S6S.298,128 5,466 82,571 1,413,479 97S,061 
Total in 1867. 293,832 3,369 69,911 1,174,154 1,102,643 
Total in 1800.. 298,880 4,885 62,120 1,010,000 672,000 
Total ill 1865. .. 270,274 6,161 77,991 836,733 573,190 
Total in 1864. 207,609 7,603 75,621 782,462 600,277 
the grass to make a sufficiently strong growth to 
crowd them out. Frequent mowing not only keeps 
the turf thick, hut it destroys the auuual weeds. 
Good hand mowers may now he had for $25 and 
$30. It is best to mow often and leave the cut 
grass to act as a fertilizer. Bone-dust and ashes 
are excellent as a top-dressing. 
Margins around beds or along walks are to be 
kept neat by the use of an edging knife, which is 
much like a meat chopping-knife with a long han¬ 
dle. The outline of beds can be preserved by driv¬ 
ing down wooden pins an inch square, their heads 
being below the level of the turf. 
Bedding or Massing .—Sufficient was said upon the 
use of bedding plants in articles in February, and 
March on pages 61 and 102. We repeat our caution 
not to put out tender things, such as Coleus, Heli¬ 
otropes, etc., until cold storms are over. 
Annuals in Ribbon Gardening .—Those who cannot 
afford the necessary bedding plants, may produce 
pleasing affects with annuals. These are best sown 
in a seed-bed and transplanted to the show-bed, 
taking care to have in reserve, plants to replace any 
which should not come true to color. No annual 
is more useful for this purpose than Drummond’s 
Phlox, which can be had from pure white to deep 
purple. Where different species are used, the 
bights and times of flowering must be considered. 
These are giveu in the Seed Catalogues. 
Bulbs .—The principal bulbs to be planted in spring 
arc Lilies, Mexican Tiger-flower, Gladiolus, Jaco¬ 
bean Lilies, Amaryllis, and Tuberoses. All but the 
Tuberoses may bo put out in the border; they should 
he started in pots in a warm room or under glass. 
Roses .—Potted plants of the summer blooming 
kinds may now tie had, and may be turned out 
without checking their growth. Use tobacco water 
for plant lice. Where there are hut few plants, 
hand-picking and shaking the plants will be found 
the best way to treat the rose-slug and rose-bug. 
Dahlias .—Put (he roots in a warm place to start. 
A box of earth in a warm room or a vacant hot-bed 
will do. In lack of these, slightly cover them with 
Heel' Cattle.—There has been quite a variation in 
the weekly supply of beef, and the total for the month 
is nearly 2,000 less than for the previous four weeks. 
This, however, does not affect the prices paid for the 
same grades. The highest figures seldom reached more 
than 17!4c. for very best tops. A few sold early in April 
for 18c. per lb., to dress GO lbs. to the cwt, hut these were 
very fat and large, and would overrun their estimated 
weight enough to bring the price down to 1714c. per lb. 
The range of prices has not been so great as for the few 
months past, and the quality of the beef averaged a little 
better. As the weather grows warmer, butchers look for 
what they call “plump” cattle, not large and fat, hut 
such as will cut up well for retail trade; such, if fat, 
will sell quickly for 17c. to 1714c. per lb., live weight. 
Below we give the list of prices, average price, and fig¬ 
ures at which the largest lots were sold. 
M’ch 21, ranged 12 @17c. Av. 15%e. Large sales 14 @16 
do. 28tii, do. 12 @17c. do. 1514c. do. do. 14 @16 
April 4th, do. 13 @17c. do. 15%c. do. do. 15 @16% 
do. 11th, do. 13 @17%c. do. 15%c. do. do. 15 @16% 
There is a slight advance in prices, as will he seen by 
thp list.. Milch. Cows.—Calls for good milkers 
are still plenty, and a really good cow soon finds a buyer. 
Prices have not changed much from last month. The 
majority of the common cows se.ll for from $60®$75, still 
poorer quality for less. First-rate milkers, if fresh with 
their calf, sell for $S0@$!)0, and if very extra, $100 will be 
paid.Calves have increased somewhat in numbers 
and more come in alive. Trade is quite steady and prices 
good. We quote ordinary to medium calves at 8®10c. ; 
fair to good at 10@llc., and of very extra, ll^c. per lb., 
live weight_Sheep.—Receipts have been very plenty 
and quite equal to demand. We do not notice a decline 
in price, hut a tendency to hold off on the part of buyers. 
Many flocks are kept from day to day seeking buyers, 
hut butchers stand Arm, feeling confident that prices 
must come down a little. A large proportion of sheep 
came in minus their wool, and they sell a little better 
sheared than with the wool on. Pelts with the wool on 
are quoted at from $1.75@$2.00 each, and clipped pelts 
sell for 22:3)23 cents each. Prices range for good sheep, 
from 7>4®Sc.; Extras, 8%@S%c. Majority of sales are 
from 6@7J4c. per lb.Swine.—There has been quite 
a falling oil' in the supply, with hut 11 ttle change in prices. 
Most of the hogs are sold dressed, and we quote only 
prices of dressed pork. Very heavy and fat hogs sell at 
12c., lighter ones, if good, at 12>4@1214c. Prices have 
been pretty constant during the four weeks ending April 
11th, and we notioe hut little change in this department- 
Commercial Matters—Market Prices. 
The following condensed, comprehensive tables, care¬ 
fully prepared specially for the American Agriculturist , 
show at a glance the transactions for the month ending 
April 14,1870, and for the corresponding month last year. 
1. TRANSACTIONS AT THE NEW YORK MARKETS. 
Receipts. Flour. Wheat. Corn. Bye. Barley. Oats. 
313,000 217,000 
87,000 189,000 
27 daysWm m’th.224,500 
22 clays last m’tli.193,500 
478,000 153,000 2,650 
223,500 118,000 1,000 
Sales. Flour. Wheat. 
27 days this m’th.216,000 1,485,006 
22 days last m’tli.199,000 1,251,000 
Corn. Bye. Barley. Oats. 
897.000 18,500 321,000 659.000 
800,000 21,000 288,000 734,000 
3. Comparison with same period at this time last year. 
Receipts. Flour. 1P7 teat. Corn. Bye. Barley. Oats. 
27 days 1870.....224,500 478,000 153,000 2,650 313,000 217,000 
26 days 1809.146,000 770,000 497,000 3,800 30,500 101,000 
Sales. Flour. Wheat. Corn. Bye. Barley. Oats. 
27 days 1870 ...,216,000 1,485,000 S07.000 18,500 321,000 659,000 
26 days 1869. ...201,000 1,157,000 1,203,000 74,000 144,000 094,500 
3. Exports from New York, Jan. 1 to April 14: 
Flour. Wheat. Corn. Bye. Barley. Oats. 
1870.391,329 2,330,351 87,593 6,799 --— 
1809.252,219 2,111,721 783,278 - - 
1868......205,245 815,880 2,393,946 148,822 - 
4. Stock of grain in store at New York: 
Wheat, Corn, Rye, Barley, Oats, 
bush. ' ’ ’ 
5,818 
34,934 
24,407 
1870. hush 
April 11...... 1,845,180 
March 7......2.509,603 
Feb. 11.... . 2,902,638 
Jan. 12........4,423,028 
I860. 
Dec. 11.3,810,562 
Nov. 10.......1,616,030 
Oct. 11........ 978,272 
Sept. 6. 745,121 
Aug. 9. 634,262 
July 10. 531,657 
June?. 637,877 
May 11....1,056.048 
Malt, 
hush. 
biisli. hush. hush. 
285,916 23,249 187,172 756,811 90,988 
481,176 • 39.089 278,905 1,105,194 97,139 
534,003 62,112 322,425 1,199,672 36,214 
591,903 38,289 34,900 1,310,935 85,405 
50,043 285,906 1,386,594 77,097 
31,700 31,584 
34,467 5,948 
281,581 
’82 
56,081 
75,797 
71,418 
361 
2,966 
383 
17,684 
120,950 67,094 
1S3.920 134, S70 
50,219 105,158 
259,985 97,177 
555.993 100,746 
613,166 77.077 
833,909 
693,085 
445,008 
127,736 
253.155 
328, G13 
385,241 107546 
394.156 107,502 
Apr. 10....1,684,633 1,080,709 165,008 48:281 1,178;740 RH’604 
March 12...... 1,990,416 1,301,167 211,880 81,016 2,000,457 50,095 
■ Gold has fluctuated less violently. It has been again 
up to 114%, but it closes at 112%.Breadstuff's have 
been fairly active. The export demand has been on an 
enlarged scale, chiefly for low grades of Flour and Spring 
and Amber Winter Wheat, at, however, easier priges 
and more liberal offerings. The home trade inquiry has 
been moderate. Corn, Rye, and Oats, have been scarce, 
and quoted higher. Barley has been plenty and de¬ 
pressed.Provisions have been in more request, 
prices closing in favor of sellers.Cotton has been 
more sought after, and with a reduced supply available, 
prices have advanced, but close less firmly.There 
has been a moderate movement in Wool, at slightly re¬ 
duced rates. Holders have shown more eagerness to re¬ 
alize. The demand has been mainly for manufacturing 
purposes.Hay has been quiet and quoted cheaper 
towards the close.Hops and Tobacco have been mod¬ 
erately dealt in, closing steadily at our quotations.... 
Grass Seeds have been in light supply and good de¬ 
mand at much firmer prices than quoted last month. 
Current Wholesale Prices. 
Price op Gold..... 
Flour—S uper to Extra Sta 
Super to Extra Southern.. 
Extra Western.. 
Extra Genesee. 
Superfine Western ...... . 
Corn-Meal. . . 
Wheat— All kinds of White. 
All kinds of Red and Amber. 
Corn— Yellow. 
Mixed. .. . 
Oats— Western... 
State... 
Kye . . 
Barley —.. 
Hay— Bale fl 100 ft. 
Straw, ft 100 ft... 
Cotton— Middlings, ft n> — 
Hops— Crop oflSOO, ft ft. 
Feathers —Live Geese, 1ft lb 
Seed— Clo ver. 10 ft . 
Timothy, ft bushel. 4 00 
Flax, 10 bushel. 2 20 
March 14. 
April 
14. 
113% 
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Sugar—B rown, ft ft. 8%@ 
Molasses, Cuba. 10 gal. 26 @ 
Copfee— Itio,(Gold, in bond) 9%@ 
Tobacco, Kentucky, &c., ft ft. 7%@ 
Seed Leaf, 10 lb. 10 @ 
Wool—D omestic Fleece,?! lb. 44 @ 
Domestic, pulled, 10 1b. 25 @ 
California, unwashed,. 17 © 
Tallow,# ft. 9 @ 
Oil-Cake— ft ton. 40 00 @4 
Pork—M ess, 10 barrel —.... 26 25 @2i 
Prime, ft barrel.. 20 50 @2 
Beef—P lain mess. S 00 @1 
Laud, iu tres. & barrels, ft ft. 13%@ 
Butter —Western, fl lb. 18 © 
State, 11 1b. 25 © 
Cheese.. 6 @ 
Beans— ft lmsliel.. 120 @ 
Peas— Canada, in bond, If) bu. 05 © 
Eggs—F resh, ft dozen. 26 © 
Poultry —Fowls & Chickens 18 @ 
Turkeys, ft lb... . 20 © 
Geese, ft ft. 1.6 © 
Potatoes, ft bbl. 125 ©: 
New Bermudas, ft bbl. — @ 
Apples— 10 barrel. 3 00 @ 
Sweet Potatoes, ft bbl. — @ — — 
Turnips— ft bbl. 1 25 @ 1 50 1 50 
Cabbages— ft 100. 6 00 © 8 00 6 00 
OmoNS—ft bbl. 4 00 @ 5 00 4 50 
Cranberries— ft bbl. — @ — 16 00 
Broom-corn—# lb.. 15 @ 17 11 
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