1870.] 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
193 
CRESYLIC SOAP 
AND 
Saponaceous Compounds. 
Disinfectant, Insect Destroyer, Pre¬ 
ventive of Fungus, etc. 
Frequent mention has been made in the columns of the 
American Agriculturist of Cresylic Compounds, as being 
valuable for destroying insects on animals and plants, and 
for other purposes. For some months past we have been 
investigating the merits of these preparations, with the 
following results. 
Cresylic Acid is extracted from gas-tar, to which it gives 
tlie peculiar odor perceived on burning the tar. It has been 
used to a limited extent by chemists and physicians, for va¬ 
rious purposes, and their experiments have shown it to pos¬ 
sess remarkable properties as a disinfectant, and in destroy¬ 
ing insect life and fungus growth. In its ordinary form it 
could not be readily applied, and hence was not available 
for common use. About three years since, Messrs. JAMES 
BUCHAN & CO., of New York, well-known as extensive 
manufacturers of family soaps, conceived the idea of com 
billing this acid in saponaceous compounds. By long and 
careful experimenting, they succeeded in producing soaps 
in various forms, possessing the active properties of this 
acid, and thus bringing it witbin the reach of all classes. 
These compounds have been patented. 
We have watched with great interest the results of vari¬ 
ous applications of these compounds, knowing that if sue 
cessful, they would be of incalculable benefit to the commu¬ 
nity. By tests made under our own supervision, and the re¬ 
ports of careful observers, we believe it to be established 
that these Cresylic Compounds are 
1st. Complete Disinfectants.—'They not only re¬ 
move all noxious odors from sinks, privies, stables, etc., but 
will destroy all infection in clothing, rooms, etc., washed 
with their solution. Thus, contagion from Small Pox, 
Typhus Fever, Cholera, and other diseases, may be effectu¬ 
ally prevented. They arc used in the New York and other 
Hospitals for these purposes. 
3d. Insect Destroyers.—An animal washed with 
Cresylic Soap will be entirely freed from all vermin. It 
will destroy ticks on sheep, fleas on dogs, lice on cattle or 
poultry, roaches, ants, bedbugs, etc., in rooms. It repels 
flies from animals, and thus is especially useful iu case of 
wounds or sores from any cause. 
So far as tried, it has been cflicacious in repelling insects 
from plants. We desire to have it more thoroughly tested 
for tins purpose, and reports to be made. We believe it will 
free plants from Aphides, bark lice, slugs, bugs, caterpillars, 
striped bugs, curculio, and the whole host of minute but 
powerful enemies in the garden and fruit yard. 
3d. Preventive of Fungus Growtll .—On this 
point we ask for further experiment. We feel confident this 
soap, properly applied, will prevent smut in wheat, mildew 
on vines, and similar parasitic growth, and trust that exper¬ 
imenters will furnish the result of their trials. 
4th. Cleaning Sores, etc.— For washing ulcers and 
other foul sores, and preventing gangrene in wounds, etc., 
Cresylic Soap is, we believe, unequaled. We know also that 
it has been successful wherever used, for foot rot in sheep, 
and mange, itch, ring-worm, and other skin diseases. 
Prom numerous RECOMMEIfDATIONS of 
Cresylic Compounds, the following are 
selected as being specially valuable. 
Five Points House of Industry, 155 Worth St. 
New York, Nov. 15, 1867. 
Messrs. Buchan & Co.— Gentlemen —Some months since 
we purchased a large building which had been used as a 
tenement establishment for thirteen years, and was occupied 
by some ninety families. We tore away partitions, turning 
between three and four hundred rooms into less than one 
hundred. We found the walls and floors perfectly infested 
with vermin. We used freely in cleansing the CRESYLIC 
SOAPS, manufactured by your firm, and with the very best 
results, as the bugs, etc., have entirely disappeared. We 
propose to continue its use in cleaning our dormitories, hop¬ 
ing then to keep clear of a plague so common to all house¬ 
keepers in cities. S. B. HALLIDAY, Supt. 
Brooklyn, November, 1867. 
M. C. Edey, Agent for Sale of James Buchan & Co's, 
Cresylic Soaps, etc —Dear Sir —We have had the Cresylic 
Soap used in the Raymond Street Jail and County Court, 
House, and in washing and cleansing prisoners' clothing 
cells, etc.; and we are so much pleased with its cleansing 
disinfecting and insect-destroying effects, that we not only 
continue its use in above places, but recommend that it 
should be generally used for those purposes. 
JOHN L. RYDER. ) Committee on Jails 
STEPHEN CLARK, > of Supervisors of 
D. S. VOOR1I1ES, ) Kings County, N.Y. 
Corpus Christi, Texas, March 15,1868. 
Messrs. James Buchan & Co.— Gentlemen: Your Sheep 
Dip is wonderful in its effects. I have dipped 2,150 head 
with nine months’ fleeces on their backs. It is now three 
weeks since, and no scratching as yet. Your Dip is far su¬ 
perior to tobacco, not so disagreeable or unpleasant, much 
less trouble and more permanent. 
I have used it on horses when diseased with a species of 
mange or itch, and it has the same good effect as on sheep. 
F. W. SHAEFFER. 
On the use of disinfectants, the following is the testimony 
of Dr. ELisnA Harris, Registrar of the Metropolitan Board 
of Health, New York City: 
“ The Disinfecting and Antiseptic Power of Good 
Carbolic Acid is so Great that One Part of it to 
Fifty or One Hundred Parts is Sufficient for Ordi¬ 
nary Purposes.” 
Desiring that our readers should be benefited by the ex¬ 
tended introduction of what we believe to be so valuable, we 
have established a general agency for tlie sale of these 
compounds, keeping them constantly on band, and are 
prepared to fill orders at wholesale or retail, at the follow¬ 
ing prices. 
Sboeji Dip, for Curing Scab and Destroying Insects 
on Sheep. 
5 lb Canisters.$1.25 
10 “ " . 2.25 
50 “ Kegs.in.00 
200 “ Bills.35.00 
Proportions are 1 ft Dip to 5 gallons water for 5 to 10 Sheep, 
if they are very large and heavily fleeced. For ordinary 
sized animals, or those recently shorn, lft Dip will takes 
to 10 gallons water. The solution must he graded according 
to the age and condition of the animal. 
Plant Protector.—In solution for destroying and re¬ 
pelling insects from Trees or Plants. 
In 1 1 b. Canisters, @50 cts.; in 3 ft. Canisters, @ $1.00 ; larger 
packages same price as Sheep Dip. See above. 
Cresylic Ointment, for Cure of Foot Rot, &c. In 
solution for killing Insects, &c„ on stock. In 3 ft Canisters, $1. 
Carbolic Disinfecting Soap.—In tablets for con¬ 
venient use in washing Horses, Dogs, Pigs, &c„ destroying 
Insects of all kinds, protecting from Flies, curative of Sores, 
Scratches, and Chafes of all kinds. In boxes, 3 dozen tablets, 
$3.60; in boxes of 1 ft bars, 10 each, $1.00. 
Cresylic No. 1 Soap.—In Bars. For all common uses 
in tlie House and Lanndry; 24 ft boxes, 13 cts. per ft; GO ft 
boxes, 12>4 cts. per ft. 
Cresylic Laundry Soap.—A finer Soap, for the 
Laundry, and for tlie Bath, etc.; 60 ft boxes, 14 cts. per 1b. 
21 ft boxes, and in 10 paper boxes containing G fts. each, 
packed in a case, 15 cts. per ft. Address orders to 
ORANGE JUDD & CO., 
245 Broadway, New York. 
PARSONS ON THE ROSE. 
A Treatise on the Propagation, Culture, and History of 
the Rose. Revised and newly electrotyped. Illustrated. 
By Samuel II. Parsons. Price $1.50. 
Tlie Rose is ttie only flower that can be said to have a his¬ 
tory. It is popular now and was so centuries ago. In his 
work upon the Rose, Mr. Parsons has gathered up tlie curi¬ 
ous legends concerning tlie flower, and gives us an idea of 
the esteem in which it was held in former times. A simple 
garden classification lias been adopted, and the leading vari¬ 
eties under eacli class enumerated and briefly described. 
The chapters on multiplication, cultivation, and training, 
are very full, and the work is altogether the most complete 
of any before the public. 
THE PRACTICAL POULTRY KEEPER. 
A Complete and Standard Guide to the Management of 
Poultry, whether for Domestic Use, the Markets, or Exhibi¬ 
tion. Illustrated with twelve full page plates, and numerous 
smaller cuts. By I,. Wriglit. Price $2.00. 
The design of tlie author of this work was to prepare in¬ 
structions that could be put into the bands of a person in¬ 
experienced in poultry keeping, with the reasonable cer¬ 
tainty that those instructions, if followed, would command 
success. The volume is tlie fruit of a thorough practical ex¬ 
perience and knowledge of fowls, and it is believed tiiat it 
will be found a plain and sufficient guide to tlie young poultry 
keeper in any circumstances that are likely to occur to him ; 
whilst experienced breeders will also find hints which will 
he useful to them. Special attention has been paid to prac¬ 
tical management, and the different breeds have not been 
overlooked; of every leading variety, at least, sufficient 
description has been given to answer every purpose of tlie 
fancier. 
Either of the above books sent post-paid on receipt of 
price by 
ORANGE JUDD & CO„ 
245 Broadway, New York. 
NEW AND VALUABLE WORK. 
HOW CHOPS PEED. 
A TREATISE ON THE 
ATMOSPHERE AW3 THE SOIL 
AS BELATED TO TIIE 
NUTRITION OF AGRICULTURAL PLANTS, 
WITH ILLUSTRATIONS. 
BY 
SAMUEL W. JOHNSON, M. A., 
Professor of Analytical and Agricultural Chem¬ 
istry in the Sheffield Scientific School of 
Yale College ; Chemist to the Connecticut 
State Agricultural Society; Member of 
the National Academy of Sciences. 
The work entitled “How Crops Grow” lias been re¬ 
ceived with very great favor, not only in America, but in 
Europe. It lias been republished in England under the 
joint Editorship of Professors Church and Dyer, of the 
Royal Agricultural College, at Cirencester, and a transla¬ 
tion into German is soon to appear, at the instigation 
of Professor von Liebig. The Author, therefore, puts 
forth this volume—the companion and complement to the 
former—with the hope that it also.will be welcomed by 
those who appreciate the scientific aspects of Agricul¬ 
ture, and are persuaded that a true Theory is the surest 
guide to a successful Practice. 
CONTENTS. 
DIVISION I. 
Tlie Atmosphere as Related to Ycgc= 
tation. 
CHAPTER I.—Atmospheric Air as Food of Plants. 
Chemical Composiion of the Atmosphere. Relations of 
Oxygen Gas, Nitrogen Gas, Atmospheric Water, Car¬ 
bonic Acid Gas, and Atmospheric Ammonia to Veg¬ 
etable Nutrition. Ozone. Compounds of Nitrogen 
and Oxygen in (he Atmosphere. Other Ingredient's of 
the Atmosphere. Recapitulation of the Atmospheric 
Supplies of Food to Crops. Assimilation of Atmos¬ 
pheric Food. Tabular View of the Relations of the 
Atmospheric Ingredients to the Life of Plants. 
CHAPTER II.—The Atmosphere as Physically Re¬ 
lated to Vegetation. 
Manner of Absorption of Gaseous Food by Plants. 
DIVISION II. 
The Soil as Related 1© Vegetable Pro¬ 
duction. 
CHAPTER I.—Introductory. 
CHAPTER II.— Origin and Formation of Soils. 
Chemical and Mineralogical Elements of Rocks. Kinds 
and Characters of Rocks. Conversion of Rocks into 
Soil. Incorporation of Organic Matter with the Soil. 
CnAPTERIII. —Kinds of Soils, their Definition and 
Classification. 
Distinctions of Soils based upon the Mode of their For¬ 
mation or Deposition ; and upon Obvious or External 
Characters. 
CHAPTER IV.— Physical Characters of the Soil. 
Weight of Soils. State of Division. Absorption of Va¬ 
por of Water. Condensation of Gases. Power of Re¬ 
moving of Solid Matters from Solution. Permeability to 
Liquid Water. Imbibition. Capillary Power. Changes 
of Bulk by Drying and Frost. Relations to Heat. 
CHAPTER V.—The Soil as a Source of Food to 
Crops : Ingredients whose Elements are of 
Atmospheric Origin. 
The Free Water of the Soil in its Relations to Vegetable 
Nutrition. The Air of the Soil. Non-nitrogenous Or¬ 
ganic Matters. Humus. The Ammonia of the Soil. 
Nitric Acid (Nitrates) of the Soil. Nitrogenous Or¬ 
ganic Matters of the soil. Available Nitrogen. Decay 
of Organic Matters. Nitrogenous Principles of Urine. 
Nutritive Value of Ammonia Salts and Nitrates. 
CHAPTER VI.—The Soil as a Source of Food to 
Crops : Ingredients whose Elements are De¬ 
rived from Rocks. 
General View of the Constitution of the Soil as Related 
to Vegetable Nutrition. Aqueous Solution of the Soil. 
Solution of the Soil in Strong Acids. Portion of Soil 
Insoluble in Acids. Reactions by which the Solubility 
of the Elements of the Soil is altered. Solvent Effects 
of Various Substances. Absorptive and Fixing Power 
of Soils. Review and Conclusion. 
PRICE, POST-PAID, $2.00. 
ORANGE JUDD AND COMPANY, 
245 Broadway, New Yokk, 
