18 . 70 .] 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
315 
D R A IN11G FOR PROFIT 
AND 
DRAINING HEALTH. 
By GEO. E. WARING, Jit., Engineer of the Drainage of Central Park, New York. 
-.rtvsTv® ap,■■ v -r : ■ ■ ■■ 
The theory and practice of thorough draining has, within a few years, made great progress, both on the small scale involving the freeing of a few acres only from superfluous 
■water, and opening the subsoil to the beilign influences of air, and moisture, and warmth together, and also in enterprises of great magnitude, affecting the sanitary condition of 
whole districts of country. The progress made has been chiefly in Great Britain, and on the Continent. Col. Waring’s work is compact, fully illustrated, very clear, both in its 
arguments and in its directions for practice, and throughout, readable. It is thoroughly American, telling what everybody wants to know, and it ought tube in the hands of 
every farmer. 
Contents: 
Land to be Drained and 
the Reasons Why.— 
Indications of the need 
of draining.—Sources of 
water. — Objections to 
too much water.—Wet 
subsoil. 
How to Go to Work to 
Lay out a System of 
Drains-. Amateur drain¬ 
ing.—Maps.— Levelling 
Instruments. — Outlets 
and location of drains. 
Main drains. — Spring 
water.— Fall. — Tiles. — 
Depth and distance a- 
part.—Direction of lat¬ 
erals. — Collars. — Dis¬ 
charge of water from 
drains. 
How To Make Draining 
Tiles. — Materials. — 
Preparation of earths.— 
Moulding tile machines. 
—Drying and rolling:—'' 
Burning.—Kilns.—Gen¬ 
eral arrangement of a 
tilery. 
How to Take Care of Drains and Drained Land. 
— Removing obstructions. — Mistake of substituting 
large tiles for small ones which have become obstruct¬ 
ed.—Heavy lands should not be trampled while wet. 
What Draining Costs. — Draining, expensive work,— 
Their permanence and lasting effects.—Cheapness ver¬ 
sus economy.—Details of cost.—(1. Engineering and 
Superintendence.—2. Digging the Ditches.—3. Grading 
the bottoms. —4. Tile and tile laying.—5. Covering and 
filling.—G. Outlets and Silt Basins.) 
AY’ill it Pay? —Increased crops required to pay cost of 
draining.—(Corn, Wheat, Rye, Oats, Potatoes, Barley, 
POSITION of workman, and use of finishing scoop. 
SILT BASIN, BUILT TO THE SURFACE. 
Contents: 
How Drains Act and 
IlOW THEY AFFECT THE 
Soil. — Characteristics' 
of well laid tile drain. — 
Surface-water and rain¬ 
water beneficial, springs 
and soakage water in¬ 
jurious. — Cracking of 
stiffclays.—Evaporation 
and filtration. — Rain 
fall. — Evaporation. — 
Temperature.—Drought 
— Porosity or mellow¬ 
ness.— 1 Chemical action 
in the soil. 
How to Make the 
Drains.— Tools.—Mark¬ 
ing the lines.—Water 
courses.—Outlet. — Silt 
Basins. — Opening tlio 
ditches. — Grading. — 
Tile laying.— Connec¬ 
tions. — Covering the 
tile and filling in.—Col¬ 
lecting the water of 
springs. — Amending 
the map. 
Hay, Cotton, Tobacco.)—Instances of Profit.—Benefit, of 
draining in facilitating farm work. 
The Reclaiming of Salt Marshes.— Extent of marshes 
on the Atlantic Coast.—The English Fens.—Harlaem 
Lake.—The exclusion of sea water.—Removal of the 
causes of inundation from the upland.—Removal of 
rain fall and water of filtration—Embankments—Musk¬ 
rats.—Rivers and Creeks.—Outlet of drainage. 
Malarial Diseases.— Fever and Ague.—Neuralgia.— 
Vicinity of New York.—Dr. Bartlett on Periodical 
Fever.—Dr. MetcalFs Report to U. S. Sanitary Com¬ 
mission.—La Roche on the effects of Malarial Fever 
Dr. Salisbury on the “ Cause of Malarial Fevers.’’ — 
English Experience.—Reports to the British Parlia¬ 
ment.—Cause of Malaria removed by draining. 
House and Town Drainage.— Sewerage.—The use of 
pipes.—The new outfall sewers in London.—The use 
of steam pumps to secure outlets.—Utilization of sew¬ 
age matters in agriculture.—Effects of imperfect bouse 
drainage on health.—Typhoid fever.—The Westminster 
Fever in London.—Epidemic at the Maplewood Young 
Ladies Institute in Pittsfield, Mass.—Lambeth Square, 
London.—Back drainage. — Water supply.—General 
Board of Health, (England)l 
ILLUSTRATED. 
ORaAIVGS-E JUDD 
SENT POST-PAID. 
PRICE, $1.50. 
A;. C O ME I 3 .VIV Y „ 245 Broad' way, IV ew York. 
COTTON CULTURE. 
By JOSEPH B. LYMAN, Late of Louisiana. 
With an additional Chapter on 
COTTON SEED AND ITS USES. 
BY J. It. SYPIIER. 
A complete manual for cotton growing, in¬ 
tended for those who are unfamiliar with the pro¬ 
duction of this crop. It discusses in tile first 
part, climate, the farm, stock, implements, 
preparation of soil and planting, cultivation, 
picking, ginning, baling, and marketing, and 
gives a Calendar of monthly operations. A 
discussion of the extent of the cotton lands, 
the varieties of the cotton plant, and the insects 
and diseases that molest it, forms the second 
part of the work, which also includes valuable 
statistics and suggestions. An additional chap¬ 
ter has been prepared by J. R. Sypher, Esq., 
upon Cotton Seed and its Uses, giving the details 
of manufacturing the oil. The work contains a 
colored map of the Cotton Lands of the United 
States, besides other illustrations. 
THE ARMY WORM AND MOTH. 
CONTENTS. 
PART I. 
The Cotton Farm.—Its Stock, Implements, and 
Laborers. 
Preparation of Soil and Planting: 
How the Crop is to be Cultivated. 
Cotton Picking. 
Ginning, Baling, and Marketing. 
The Cotton Planters Calendar. 
PART IS. 
Quality, Extent, and Character of Cotton Lands 
of North America. 
Enemies and Diseases of Cotton. 
Improved and Scientific Culture. 
Various Kinds of Cotton Cultivated in the United 
States. 
How to Realize the Most from a Crop ; The Union 
of the Growing of Cotton with its Manu¬ 
facture into Yarns and Fabrics. 
Value of Cotton as a Plant, and the Uses to 
which it may be Applied. 
The Past and tlio Future of Cotton ; Its History 
and Statistics. 
Practical Suggestions to various Classes of Persons 
who Propose to Engage in Cotton Growing. 
Cotton Seed Oil. Cotton Seed Cake.. 
SENT POST-PAID. 
OBANOEJUDD 
.. - - - PRICE $1.50. 
<& COMPANY, 245 Broadway, New York;* 
