Splicer ocarpales. 91 
large and the wing narrow. The same is the case in R. Clausonis, 
which has unusually large leaves, while the narrow wing remains 
undeveloped in places, and rhizoids are absent; this species 
frequently floats on the surface of ponds. Corbiere (8) observed 
that plants of R. gallica which had been stranded on mud, owing 
to the drying of the pond, were attached by means of rhizoids given 
off all along the stem ; he regards this plant as merely a variety of 
R. Battnndieri , which grows erect in water. 
The antheridia are produced on the free edge of the wing and 
become enclosed separately in pockets formed by local thickening 
of the otherwise one-layered wing. The archegonia, each surrounded 
by a flask-like envelope, which is smooth in some species, but in 
others has eight longitudinal folds, are developed on the stem at 
the base of the wing ; some species are dioecious, others monoecious. 
LITERATURE OF SPH.EROCARPALES. 
1 . 
2 . 
3. 
4. 
5. 
6 . 
7. 
8 . 
9. 
10 . 
11 . 
12 . 
13. 
14. 
15. 
16. 
17. 
18. 
Bory et Durieu. “ Exploration scientifique de l’Algerie, Botanique,” 
1846-9. 
Bory et Montagne. “ Sur un nouveau genre de la famille des Hepatiques,” 
Comptes Rendus, 1843, p. 1112; Ann. des sci. nat., 
184^, p. 223 ; Ann. des sci. nat., 1852, p. 11. 
Campbell, D. H. “ Mosses and Ferns,” 1st ed., 1895 ; 2nd ed., 1905. 
,, ‘‘Notes on Spluerocarpus," Erythea, 1896, p. 73. 
,, “A new Californian Liverwort,” Botanical Gazette, vol. 
26, 1896, p. 9. 
,, ‘‘The Development cf Geothallus tuberosus ," Annals of 
Botany, vol. 9, 1896, p. 489. 
Cavers, F. “ A new species of Riella (R. capensis) from South Africa,” 
Revue bryologique, 1903, p. 81. 
Corbiere, L. “ Le Riella de l’Herault,” Rev. bryol., 1902, p. 109. 
Douin, C. “ Le Sphcevocavpus tenestris ," Revue bryol., 1903, p. 44. 
,, “ Les Spluerocarpus frangais,” Rev. bryol., 1907, p. 105. 
,, “ Nouvelles observations sur Spluerocarpus ," Rev. bryol., 1909, 
p. 37. 
Fitt, G. “ Notes on Spluerocarpus tenestris ,” Lond. Journal of Botany, 1847, 
p. 287. 
Goebel, K. “ Organography of Plants,” English ed., vol. 2. 
,, “ Zur Kenntnis der Entwickelung von Riella," Flora, 1893 
p. 104. 
,, “ Ueber Funktion und Anlegung der Lebermooselateren,” 
Flora, 1895, p. 8. 
,, “ Weitere Untersuchungen fiber Keimungund Regeneration bei 
Riella und Splicerocarpus," Flora, 1907, p. 192; also in 
Flora, 1908 (systematic position of Riella ). 
Hofmeister, W. “ Zur Morphologie der Moose,” Bericht der konigl. 
Sachs. Ges. der Wiss., 1854, p. 94. 
Howe, M. A. “ Hepaticae and Anthocerotes of California,” Memoirs of 
Torrey Bot. Club, vol. 7, 1S99. 
