Adventitious Budding and Branching in Cycas. 239 
The “ bud ” here has a slight constriction at the base, which 
carries it out a little from the leaf-tissue on which it is seated. 
Such an axial portion is clearly seen also in the larger “ bud ” 
illustrated in Fig. 9 (iv), s. The “buds” are generally entirely 
sessile however. The vascular strand running up each of them, and 
in the bases immediately below, is circular, with a fair development 
of wood in the case of the larger “ buds.” This strand does not 
continue very far in the tissues of the leaf-base and seems to end 
there blindly while the buds are still small. 
“Buds” like that shown in Fig. 9 (iii) are much more rare. 
As seen in the figure, it is attached rather laterally to the parent 
leaf-base, see B., Fig. 9 (iii) and the “bud” with its root looks very 
like a seedling with a thick primary root and a sucker on one side. 
Although there was no opportunity for making experiments with the 
living plants, it seems likely that these are the buds which might be 
detached and grow independently. 
A 
b 
fib. 
Fig. 13. Longitudinal section through one of the “buds” which has 
persisted for a long time, s, fresh apical portion ; os, old outer scales with 
decaying tips cut off by zones of cork, c, and with thick bases packed with 
starch. 
Comparatively few large roots such as are figured in Fig. 11 are 
to be found on the trees. Their behaviour is uncertain, and in several 
instances I noted that they penetrated the leaf-bases again after 
running for two or three inches in the air. 
The structure of the “ buds ” themselves has been indicated 
already in the figures. A young “ bud ” such as is shown in Fig 9. 
(i) s, is composed of only two or three soft scales, but the older 
“buds” are well armoured as they are exposed and seem to be 
