W. West and G. S. West- 
356 
valley several miles to the northward. In the immediate vicinity 
of the Kongsvold station are several rocky and hilly pastures, and 
also two small, but very productive, meadows. 
In giving a brief outline of the plant-associations of this 
district of the Dovrefjeldwe will begin with the semi-cultivated land 
close to the Kongsvold, and then deal successively with the wood¬ 
land, shrubland, and other areas. The flowering plants and the 
dominant cryptogams are included in this account, but the Algae, of 
which we made extensive collections, are reserved for special 
treatment. 
1.—Meadows and Pastures. 
[Marked P on the Chart on page 357]. 
These were undulating stony fields, about six in number, which 
had been reclaimed from the lower slopes near the river. The 
total area was small, and the best use of available space had been 
obtained by the removal of quantities of rocks and stones. 
The common grasses were Festuca rubra , F. ovina, Phleum 
alpinum, A vena pubescens, Anlhoxanthutn odoratum , and Aha 
ccespitosa, the first-mentioned being the dominant one. Among 
the grasses five plants stood out conspicuously, viz:— Alchemilla 
vulgaris, Ranunculus acris, Lychnis dioica (with extra-large flowers), 
Polygonum viviparum, and Stellaria media, the latter sometimes 
forming a dense undergrowth to the exclusion of most other plants. 
Rhinanthus Crista-galli and several forms of Euphrasia were also 
abundant. Scattered among the plants just mentioned were 
individuals of the following species :— Achillea Millefolium, Leontodon 
autumnale, Matricaria inodora, Parnassia palustris, Carum Carui, 
Rumex Acetosa, Plantago media, Stellaria graminea, Cerastium 
triviale, C. alpinum, Campanula rotundifolia (with very large corollas), 
Trifolium repens, T. pratense, Vicia Cracca, Gentiana campestris, 
Scabiosa arvensis, and wherever there was partial shade and shelter, 
Aconitum septentrionale. 
In stony places near the river were Gentiana campestris, G. 
tenella, G.nivalis, Antennaria dioica, and a form of Carex Goodenoughii. 
Where the rocks abutted were Potentilla Crantzii (in some 
places this was very abundant), Rumex Acetosella, Cerastium alpinum, 
Woodsia alpina, and Cystopteris fragilis. The chief Bryophytes 
were Hypnum rugosum, Polytrichum piliferum, Dicranum Juscescens, 
and Ptilidium ciliare. The lichens were chiefly Placodium elegans, 
Cladonia cervicornis, Cl. coccifera, and varieties of Parmelia saxatilis 
and P. sulcata. 
