360 
W. West and G. S. West. 
latter consisted largely of Polygonum viviparum, A IcJiemilla vulgaris 
var. montana , Thalictrum simplex, Erigeron alpinus, E. uniflorus, 
Scabiosa arvensis, Cerastium alpinum, Silene rupestris, Androsace 
septentrionale, Saxifraga tridactylites var. adscendens, Gentiana 
nivalis, Astragalus Oroboides, and others. Wherever the rocks 
were wet, Saxifraga aizoides was abundant and Oxyria digyna, 
Carex ustulata and Pinguicula vulgaris were conspicuous. The 
latter was observed growing almost on bare rock-faces where the 
trickle of water was constant. Among the less common plants by 
the roadside were Stellaria borealis and Cerastium trigynum, and, 
in moist shady places, Viola biflora. 
Lower down the valley, on the steep rocky slopes, were fine 
specimens of Asplenium viride, Woodsia alpina, Saxifraga 
Cotyledon, Potentilla nivea, and Carex ornithopoda. Near the 
roadside were Polemonium coeruleum, Papaver radicatum (=P. 
nudicaule), and Artemisia norvegica. 
3.— Colonisation of Newly-Bared Rock. 
Many rock-surfaces had been bared during the blasting operations 
in the construction of the road, and a careful survey was made of 
the plants which had colonised this freshly exposed rock. They 
had occupied the crevices and hollows of the rock in the following 
relative abundance :— Silene acaulis (20), Empetrum nigrum (13), 
Saxifraga oppositifolia (8), Oxyria digyna (7), Polygonum vivi¬ 
parum (7), Carex atrata (7), Luzula spicata (7), Sain: lapponum (5), 
Alchemilla alpina (4), Draba hirta (4), Saxifraga ccespitosa (4), 
Fcstuca duriuscula (4), Sedum Rhodiola (3), Artemisia norvegica (1), 
and Lycopodium Selago (1). On the rocky ledges, tufts of Elyna 
Bellardii were occasionally observed. 
Of the mosses, Hypnum rugosum and a form of Rhacomitrium 
heterostichum were firmly established, and plenty of Bartramia 
CEderi occurred in shady places. Many lichens had also covered 
the rocks. Lecidea geograpliica was in the most exposed places, 
Placodium elegans was dominant on bare rocks in the shade, and on 
the flatter places were Platysma nivale, Alectoria ochroleuca, Stereo- 
cauloji alpinum, and many others. 
4.—Banks of Debris and Rubble. 
These were sloping masses of rock-debris, both in the form of 
natural screes and as artificial banks formed during the construction 
of the road. Numerous plants had established themselves, and so 
far as was observed, in the following relative abundance:— Salix 
