363 
The Ecology of the Driva Valley. 
Hylocomium proliferum, Ditriclium flexicaule v. longifolium, and 
Polytrichum formosum were the most noteworthy mosses in any 
profusion, Scelania ccesia was decidedly rare, and hepatics were quite 
scarce. The only frequent one was Ptilidium ciliare, in large 
patches; Cliiloscy phus polyanthus and Lophozia lycopodioides occurred 
here and there, and a species of Scapania was noticed repeatedly. 
The lichens were represented by Nephromium arcticum, Platysma 
juniperinum, Parmelia olivacea, P. physodcs, P. Iccvigata, P. vittata, 
Cetraria islandica, Cladonia sylvatica, Cl. pyxidata, Pannularia 
lepidiota, and Pannaria brunnea. 
Species of Boletus, Lycoperdon, and Russula were not uncommon, 
and Taphrina Betulce was responsible for numerous witch’s-brooms 
on the dominant Betula odorata. 
One noteworthy feature of Astragalus alpinus should be recorded. 
This plant occurred in thousands on the lower slopes of the valley, 
and in all observed cases fruits were only formed and ripened in the 
lower flowers of the inflorescence. 
The following plants were noticed only in the undergrowth of 
the woods on the western (left) side of the valley :— Draba incana, 
D. hirta, Valeriana officinalis, Carex capillaris, and on rocks near 
the river, Carex ornithopoda. On a small muddy flat near the river 
was an abundance of Ranunculus pygmceus. 
The plants noticed only in the undergrowth of the eastern 
(right) side of the valley were more numerous, and were as follows:— 
Pyrola media, P. rotundifolia, Geum rivale, Rubus saxatilis, Alchemilla 
vulgaris var. montana, Archangelica officinalis, Chcerophyllum sylvestre, 
Myosotis sylvatica, Viola biflora, f uncus castaneus, Carex vaginata, 
Festuca ovina, and Cystopteris montana. The latter occurred only 
in the very shady clefts of rock, where the sunshine could never 
penetrate. Two willows, Salix myrsinites and S. arbuscula were 
not uncommon, but very local. 
Lower down the valley, on the eastern side and near the old 
road (“ Vaarstien ”) was a boggy flat which had the appearance of 
a nearly-filled-up tarn. Its area was small, but it contained much 
Sphagnum, an unusual occurrence in the northern part of the 
Dovrefjeld, where the bogs as a rule contain little Sphagnum. 
Andromeda Polifolia, Comarum palustre, Rubus Chamcemorus, and 
Menyanthes trifoliata were general, and firmly embedded in the 
Sphagnum was the rare Pinguicula villosa. Among the birches at 
the edge of this bog w r ere fine specimens of Ranunculus aconitifolius, 
and on somewhat higher rocky ground were Luzula parvifora, 
