MYCOLOGICAL NOTES C. G. LLOYD Page 1055 
It should be readily recalled from our other Hypoxylons by its large 
size (relatively ) and large spores, 
XYLARIA COMPOSITA FROM DR. GEORGE ZENKER, WEST AFRICA 
(Fig. 1965 ),— Plant with a thick, black, solid, wrinkled stem an 
inch or more long, about 2 cm. thick, bearing on the summit four or 
five large, obese, obtuse globose or flattened clubs. Surface (Fig. 
1966 enlarged) with a thin, brownish crust which disappears from old 
plants, even, with minute, white ring around the ostioles. Stroma 
white or slightly fuliginous, solid when young but disposed to become 
hollow, when old. Spores 6 X 12-14. 
We apply a new name to this though we suspect it is Xylaria 
Poitei, Xylaria regalis, etc. as itemized in Letter 64. If so, how¬ 
ever, the latter were not perfect specimens, but they may have been 
pieces of one. No Xylaria is named or described that grows in the 
manner of the fine specimen that Dr. Zenker sends, but Dr. Zenker’s 
specimens are always perfect. It is possible of course that species 
may be simple or compound. We suspect also that it is the same as 
Xylaria obesa (Xylaria Notes page 2T6, fig. 1344 )which was named from 
Africa but young specimens of a very different appearance from these 
when ripe. 
While we place this in the "obese'’ section (10) its relations 
are closest to Xylaria allantoidea (Xyl. Notes page 6). Broken 
frustule of the club of one could hardly be told from the other. I 
doubt if there is any section of mycology that has been any worse 
exploited than tropical. Xylarias. But there is. a. reason if not an 
excuse for it, for Xylarias vary so much as to form and change so 
much from young to old conditions and have been so scantily and frag- 
mentarily collected that the work of the old namers, Montagne, Berkeley 
principally, could not be anything but tentative. In addition the 
most superficial and inaccurate work was done by the more recent ex¬ 
ploiters such as Cooke, Hennings and Rehm. But with good collectors 
like Dr. Zenker we have faith to believe the subject will straighten 
out in time. In the photograph we give of Dr. Zenker's specimen only 
two of the heads remain. Two or three of these were broken off in 
transit. 
XYLARIA PAPULIS FROM VICTOR DEMANGE, CHINA (Fig. 1967 and 
1970 surface enlarged ),- We wrote this article some years ago but 
have held it from publication until we got additional specimens from 
Mr. Reinking from the Philippines, Among the photographs we made in 
the museums are two "authentic" pictures of Xylaria guyanensis. They 
do not for us represent the same species. One which corresponds to 
the description we have published (page 649). The other which we 
have received for the second time from Mr. Reinking we would call 
Xylaria papulis from the strong protruding mouths of the ostioles as 
shown in our enlargement, Fig. 1970. Xylaria papulis as shown in our 
figure is a club shaped species tapering to a short stem. It differs 
from most species of Xylaria in two characters. The stroma is white 
hut becomes dark near the crust and the perithecia are imbedded in a 
dark stroma instead of the usual white. The surface has a thin, very 
dark brown crust which to an extent disappears from old specimens. 
It is studded with little black points or protuberances (Fig. 1970 
enlarged) which are no doubt the mouths of the ostioles. 
