Origin and Development of the Composites. 205 
Analysis of the Styles of Composite. 
Analysis of the occurrence in the family of these various 
types of styles shows that type IV is the only one common to all 
except the more specialised tribes; it is, indeed, the typical style 
for the family, and the others are modifications of it. It will be 
obvious from the arrangement in Fig. 5 how type I has arisen from 
type IV by the disappearance of the truncate, penicillate apex and 
the elongation of the style branches. Type IV has also given rise 
to type V by the abortion of the stigmatic papillae and the nbn- 
divergence of the style branches; to type III by the development 
of an awl-shaped apex and the transference of the stigmatic 
papillae to the centre of the style branches ; to types VI and IX by 
the spreading of the stigmatic papillae and the partial fusion of the 
style branches; to type XII by the rounding of the tips of the 
style branches and the slight spreading of the stigmatic lines ; and 
to type VII by the slight elongation of the hairy, apical part of the 
style branches (all stages of this change can be observed). 
Types VII and XII then give two lines of development. Type 
VII by the shortening of the style branches gives Vila; by the 
elongation of the apical appendages it gives VIII and then Villa, 
which last by a flattening and thickening of the appendages gives II. 
Type II by a shortening of the style branches gives I la. Type XII 
by the abortion of the stigmatic papillae and fusion of the style 
branches gives XIII; by the spreading of the stigmatic lines it 
gives XIla. Type XIla by the further spreading of the stigmatic 
papilla over the whole of the inner surface of the style branches 
and the development of a collar of long hairs gives type X, which 
by splitting more deeply gives Xa, and by partial fusion of the 
style branches gives type XI. Types V and XIII with no stigmatic 
papilla occur in the male disc florets of some genera. 
Having elucidated the probable evolution of the various style 
forms we can now analyse the composition of the tribes and sub¬ 
tribes of the family as regards their styles. In Table VI Bentham’s 
classification is followed for reasons which will be obvious from the 
summary of the history of classification given in Chapter I, Sec¬ 
tion A. Engler’s system of terminology is used, however, for the 
sake of uniformity. Various new genera are included, but the list 
is not quite complete. 
The numbers are obtained by counting 1 for each genus in 
the sub-tribe which shows a given type of style. If the genus 
shows two types of style then it is counted 3 in each of the proper 
