34 Notes on the Corolla in the Composites. 
form of the pappus and the paleae on the receptacle, for instance, 
indicate that some slight changes are required before a scheme can 
be formulated which will represent the development of the tribes as 
shown by the sum of the available data. 
Quite apart from phylogenetic speculation, the Composite is a 
wonderful group and our British representatives well repay close 
study. Material is abundant and has been observed by the writer 
on all possible occasions in the field, in herbaria and in botanic 
gardens, including the Jardin des Plantes at Rouen, where, as in 
most botanic gardens, the genus Senecio is well represented. 
Acknowledgments are due to Professor M. C. Potter for access 
to books and periodicals. 
BIBLIOGRAPHY, 
1. Avebury, Lord (Lubbock, Sir J.). “Ants, Bees and Wasps.” London, 
1882. 
2. Beer, R. “Studies in Spore Development; II, On the Structure and 
Division of Nuclei in the Compositse.” Ann. Bot., 
XXVI, 103, 1912. 
3. Bentham, G. “ Notes in the Classification, History and Geographical 
distribution of the Composite.” Jour. Linn. Soc. 
(Bot.), XIII, 1873. 
4. Bentham, G., and Hooker, J. D. “ Genera Plantarum.” London, 1874. 
5. Buchenau, F. “ Ueber die Bliithentwickelung einiger Dipsacese, Valer- 
ianeen und Compositen.” Abhandl. der Senckenb. 
nat. Ges., 1854. 
6. ,, “ Uber die Bliithenentwickelung bei den Compositen.” 
Bot. Zeitung, 1872. 
7. Celakowsky, L. I. “Ueber zweilippige Strahlbliithen bei Anthemis 
austriaca Jacq.” Oest. bot. Zeitschr., 43, 1893. 
8. Cramer, H. “ Bildungsabweichungen.” 1864. 
9. Cruger, Herm, “Bliithentwickelung von Distreptus spicatus Cass, und 
Syndrella nodiflora Gze rtn.” Bot. Zeitung, 33, 1856. 
10. Daniel, L. “ Sur latransformation d’un Chrysantheme.” Compt. Rend. 
CLIV, p. 997, 1912. 
11. Don, D. “ On the Origin and Nature of the Ligulate Rays in Zinnia." 
Trans. Linn. Soc., XVI, 1829. 
12. Guppy, H. B. “ Observations of a Naturalist in the Pacific.” London, 
1906. 
13. Hildebrand, F. “ Uber die Geschlechtverteilung bei den Compositen.” 
Nov. Act. Leop. Halle, 1869. 
14. Hoffmann, O., in Die Natiirlichen Pfianzenfamilien (Engler and Prantl), 
Teil IV, Abt. 5, Leipzig, 1897. 
15. Juel, O. “ Om pollinationsapparaten hos familijien Compositen.’ 
Svensk. Bot. Tidsk., 1908, Bd. 2. 
16. Kajanus, R. “ Uber eine partiale Mutation bei Dahlia variabilis Desf.” 
Zeitschr. f. indukt. Abstammgs. u. Vererb.—Lehre, 
1912, p. 289. 
17. Knuth, H. “ Handbook of Flower Pollination.” Eng. trans., Vol II, 
p. 568. 
