8 
Shiv Ram Rashyafc. 
Sometimes the number of these bracts is so great that the perianth 
has the appearance of a double flower. 
This plant is extremely interesting in another way also. As 
pointed out above it is closely related to Fossonibronia. There is 
no evidence to show whether the foliose form has arisen from the 
thallose form or vice versa. The aggregation of the antheridia into 
a cluster, the scattered male bracts and the mode of development 
of the perianth seem to show that in the Jungermanniales also the 
thallose forms may have been derived from the foliose forms by 
reduction. 
ANTHOCEROS HIMALAYENSIS Kashyap, n.sp. (Fig. 4). 
Plants dioecious, closely attached to the substratum, green, 
black when dry, usually in large patches among moss or on earth. 
Dorsal surface with a midrib. Ventral surface with numerous 
rhizoids full of a granular substance stained brown with iodine. 
Fig. 4. Anthoceros himalayensis. 1, 2, sterile plants with tubers, x 5 ; 3, 
female plant with young sporogonia, x 3 ; 4, spores, x 300; 5, elaters, x 300. 
Margins raised slightly except in sterile plants. Sterile plants (Fig. 
4, 7, 2) long linear forked 5 mm. or more long and 1 mm. broad, 
bearing tubers at the apex, on the margins or ventral surface. 
Tubers also sometimes on male and female plants. 
Male plants smaller than female and less divided. Antheridia 
globose yellow, up to six in each chamber, usually three. 
Female plants large, circular up to 20 mm. in diameter, deeply 
lobed, the lobes again with divided margins, lobes overlapping. 
Involucres often fused in pairs, cylindrical, slightly narrowed above, 
