I liter-Relation ships of Protista and Primitive Fungi, ioi 
movements which assist in bringing food particles near. Unfor¬ 
tunately nothing is known regarding the reproduction of Actinomonas 
and Pteridomonas. 
Fig. 1. Pantostomatineae (Rhizoflagellata). A, Multicilia lacustris Lauterb. 
B, C, Mastigamcebainvertens Klebs (B, free-swimming; C, creeping, with flagellum 
trailed behind). D, E, Mastigella vitrea Goldschm. (D, active individual, con¬ 
taining portions of filamentous algae ingested as food ; E, anterior end of body, 
showing axial strands from the endoplasm extending into the ectoplasm of the 
pseudopodia). F, Actinomonas mirabilis Kent, attached by pseudopodial stalk. 
G, H, I, Pteridomonas pulex Penard (G, attached ; H, free-swimming with cilia 
retracted ; I, free-swimming with cilia extended). J, K, L, Dimorpha mutans 
Gruber (J, individual with pseudopodia extended ; K, with pseudopodia with¬ 
drawn ; L, fixed and stained in heliozooid stage). M, N, Cercobodo longicandti 
Senn (M, free-swimming ; N, amoeboid stage). Lettering:— ax., axial strand ; 
c.v., contractile vacuole ; ect., ectoplasm ; end., endoplasm ; /., flagellum ; f.v., 
food vacuole ; pel., pellicle ; ps., pseudopodium ; r., flagellar reservoir. 
The biflagellate genera of Rhizomastigaceae are Cercobodo 
(Fig. 1, M, N) which is practically a biflagellate Mastigamceba and 
was named Dimastigamceba by Blochmann, and Dunorpha (Fig. 1, 
J—L) which corresponds to Actinomonas in the uniflagellate series 
but differs in not becoming attached by a pseudopodial stalk in the 
heliozooid stage. In this stage the fine granuliferous pseudopodia 
present a very striking resemblance to those of the Heliozoa, their 
axial filaments traversing both the cytoplasm and the nucleus and 
all diverging from a point in front of the latter whence also arise 
the two flagella. Even in the free-swimming phase, when the 
pseudopodia are withdrawn, these axial filaments persist (Fig. 1, L); 
food is ingested at any point by means of blunt “amoeboid” 
pseudopodia. 
The Pantostomatineae may be regarded as the representatives 
of the generalised common stock from which the other Flagellata 
