226 
F. Cavers. 
Gloidium (Fig. 4, V), Gvingci (Fig. 4, W). Others, again, resemble 
the simpler Foraminifera in having branched and anastomosing 
pseudopodia, e.g., Biomyxa (Fig. 4, I), life history unknown ; 
Arachnula (Fig. 4, J), cysts formed; Pontomyxa (Fig. 4, K), repro¬ 
duction by multiple fission; Bodnia (Fig. 4, L), differing from the 
preceding genera in having a delicate membranous or mucilaginous 
investment from openings in which there protrude long branched 
pseudopodia and in producing cysts from each of which an amcebula 
emerges; Diploplirys archeri (Fig. 4, M), with a more definite 
envelope with a wide aperture at the two ends from which project 
the pseudopodia. Finally we have a number of forms in which 
plasmodia are formed by the fusion of amoeboid zoospores, and which 
therefore seem to approach the Mycetozoa; examples are Euteromyxa 
(Fig. 4, X), Endyonema (Fig. 4, Y), Haplococcus (Fig. 4, Z), and 
Bnrsulla (Fig. 4, N). The last-named genus is practically a small 
Mycetozoan (Myxomycete), growing on dung (the other three genera 
just mentioned are parasites), with a stalked ovoid cyst or sporangium 
in which are formed 4 to 8 amoeboid spores; these on emerging 
creep about, probably undergo division, and finally coalesce to form 
plasmodia which in turn give rise to a single cyst or a number of 
cysts according to their size. 
Two genera which may perhaps be included in Proteomyxa are 
Chlamydomyxa and Labyrinthula, formerly regarded as closely related 
but now known to differ in many important respects and indeed to 
bear a purely superficial resemblance to each other. Further work 
on both genera is very desirable—on Labyrinthula because its life 
history is very incompletely known, on Chlamydomyxa because such 
diverging accounts have been given by different observers. In 
Chlamydomyxa (Fig.5) the life cycle is divisible into two main phases, 
a free active stage in which food is ingested by means of pseudopodia 
and also obtained by photosynthesis, and an encysted stage in which 
spore formation occurs. In the free stage the organism is multi- 
nucleate, the protoplasm also containing chromatophores, contractile 
vacuoles, phloroglucin (?) particles functioning as reserve food 
material, and calcium oxalate crystals. According to most accounts, 
the protoplasmic body is much branched in a dendroid manner, with 
fine pseudopodia extending out into the water from the main 
branches, the chromatophores being confined to the latter while 
the stiff but flexible pseudopodia (which can be rapidly withdrawn 
into the general mass when the organism is disturbed) bear spindle- 
shaped phloroglucin particles (those ir, the main mass of the body 
being rounded or ovoid) which have been termed “ oat-like cor¬ 
puscles.” The chromatophores are apparently not symbiotic algae, 
as formerly supposed, since they have no cell-wall or nucleus but 
wholly resemble the ordinary chromatophores of plants, and they 
contain in addition to chlorophyll yellow-brown pigment probably 
similar to diatomin. Hieronymus (1898), who reinvestigated C. 
labyrinthuloides (discovered by Archer in 1875), states that the 
organism, as observed by him over a long period, never assumed 
this dendroid form at all, but the protoplasmic mass emerging from 
the cyst usually divided by simultaneous or successive fission into 
small uninucleate amoebae (equal in number to the nuclei contained 
in the cyst) which after creeping about for a time passed into the 
encysted form, though sometimes this division remained in abeyance 
