146 F. IV. Oliver . 
seed the same anatomical regions can be discriminated in the free 
and in the adnate regions. In the latter we find downward pro¬ 
longations of the various integuments and layers of the free apex, 
of the fleshy and bony layers of the integument as well as of its 
inmost soft lining, of the nucellar wall and embryo-sac. 
Consequently two types of seeds may he recognised. The 
Stephanospermum type with a free or “superior” nucellus; the 
Cycadean type with adnate integument, the nucellus of which might 
he termed “ semi-inferior.” This explanation is necessary to render 
what follows intelligible. It is not intended in the following pages 
to consider more fully the relations of these types of seeds. The 
points raised affect characters visible’ in transverse sections in the 
three seeds Lagetiostoma, Pachytesta and Torreya. They may be 
conveniently treated in this order, which is that of their relative 
antiquity. 
Lagenostoma, Will. 
Tiansverse section of Lagenosloma cut near the micropyle. 
The section traverses the pollen-chamber pc enclosed in its wall 
few; cc is the central cone of nucellar tissue which rises up from 
the base of the pollen-chamber; t, testa, the outer third of which 
consists of a palisade layer ; c, the fluted “ canopy,” a characteristic 
structure within the testa surrounding the free part of the nucellus 
(pollen-chamber); v, vascular strands running longitudinally in 
the chambers of the “canopy”; chink between the “canopy” 
and pollen-chamber wall (X25). 
