August 28, 1890. ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
193 
enable them to better resist disease. Draining, if necessary, should also 
be attended to, the drains having proper fall and outlet. In spring 
dress with superphosphate of lime, applying a couple of ounces per 
square yard, and repeat in moist weather during June, using manure 
only as a mulch, which should be of a lumpy nature, not more than 
2 inches thick. 
Mushrooms In the Summer (J. IF. C .).—If you read the work 
carefully, especially the supplement to the first edition, you will find 
you have departed very materially from the advice on a very important 
matter—namely, the time of making and spawning the beds. It is only 
under very special and cool conditions that Mushroom beds can bear 
well and continuously in the summer, and the most successful cultivators 
do not find their culture profitable when the beds come into bearing 
after the end of May, though strong beds that commenced yielding at 
the beginning of that month or in April, and kept uniformly moist and 
cool, continue more or less productive till July. When Mushroom beds 
get so dry as to often need watering they are seldom satisfactory, and if 
beds are kept “ too wet,” as you say one of yours has been, the myce¬ 
lium is destroyed. The addition of Oak leaves you mention would be 
likely to excite fermentation, and consequently raise the temperature ; 
indeed it often rises a little after spawning without the addition of 
fermenting materials to the beds. A temperature of 90° does not 
usually scald the spawn. As you have succeeded in growing Mushrooms 
under the adverse circumstances indicated, you may expect much 
greater success by following the instructions in the book more 
explicitly. 
Temporary House for Protecting- Chrysanthemums 
(C. II. J II). —The plants may be sheltered very well in the way you 
propose. A framework of laths sufficiently strong to resist wind and 
bear the weight of any snow that may fall will be necessary on which to 
securely tack the waterproof material used for the roof, wffiich should 
have sufficient slope to throw off rain. Mats will do very well for the sides 
of the shelter, and in severe weather should be used over the roof. Ilot- 
water pipes are not necessary except for the latest flowering plants, but 
they will not do harm unless used unnecessarily, and the structure will 
be useful for other plants requiring protection from wet and cold. The 
following is a good receipt for preparing oiled calico for pits and 
frames :—Pale old linseed oil three parts, acetate of lead 2 ozs., white 
resin 8 ozs.; incorporate the acetate with a little of the oil, grinding (as 
painters term it) so as to thoroughly moisten it with the oil, then add 
the rest of the oil and the resin. These must be thoroughly incorporated 
in an iron pot over a gentle fire, and when hot apply -with a large brush 
to a fine calico stretched loosely by means of tacks upon the frame. In 
twenty-four hours it is fit for use, but in case a stout calico is used it 
will be necessary to do it over a second time. The thinner the calico the 
less light will be obstructed, but a fine calico, whatever its strength, is 
necessary. When dried, as it will be the day after dressing, it should be 
tacked on tightly to remain. 
Grapes Infested with IVIealy Bug ( Old Subscriber'). —This 
pest is not readily eradicated from Vines and houses where it has 
obtained a hold. It is best assailed in autumn after the growths are 
matured and the Grapes are cut. An experienced gardener has 
found the following a good remedy. “ To a f-gallon watering pot 
of warm water add 4 ozs. sofcsoap and 1 oz. soda, dissolving, then 
add a wineglassful of petroleum. It will float, but must be mixed by 
forcing it into the water by filling a syringe with the solution and 
squirting it into the vessel again briskly. This will mix the oil with 
the solution, and it can be kept so in application by alternating squirts 
into the vessel and over the Vines. These must be thoroughly syringed, 
taking care to w r et every part of the Vines. If there be any plants they 
must be removed from the house, the application being made in dull 
weather or in the evening of a calm day. It must be repeated the 
next day, and again after the second application. The Vines must 
be well dressed as soon as the leaves have for the most part fallen, 
and the leaves as they fall cleared away and burnt, as must also be 
the prunings. The Vines should be pruned when the leaves are down, 
and the Vines thoroughly washed and cleansed as well as every part of 
the house. There are petroleum and other emulsions soluble in water, 
which are, or ought to be advertised, as they are more easy of application, 
and equally efficacious for this purpose as the preceding mixture.” 
Names of Fruits. —The names and addresses of senders of fruit 
to be named must in all cases be enclosed with the specimens, whether 
letters referring to the fruit are sent by post or not. The names are 
not necessarily required for publication, initials sufficing for that. Only 
six specimens can be named at once, and any beyond that number cannot 
be preserved. (York). —Peaches and Nectarines, as has been many 
times stated, cannot be named without leaves, as the glands on them 
are important factors in identification ; it is necessary also to know 
whether the flowers are large or small. Even with these aids it is 
difficult to name fruits that are not coloured through lack of exposure 
to the sun. No. 3 is, we think, Rivers’ Orange. On the others we can 
form no definite opinion. (F. W. Smart). —1, Duchess of Oldenburg ; 
2, Cox’s Pomona. (II. Osman). —The Apple is Irish Peach ; the Fig, 
White Marseilles. 
Slightly damp moss, soft green grass or leaves form the best packing, dry 
wool the worst. Not more than six specimens should be named at once, 
and the numbers should be visible without untying the ligatures, 
it being often difficult to separate them when the paper is damp. 
— (C.M. M .).—Rhodostachys pitcairniaefolia, a native of Chili. (IF. J.). 
—Lonicera sempervirens. (C. J. D .).—Thunia alba. (J. P. K .).— 
Pholidota imbricata. (S. H. B .).—Pyrus Aria. 
COVENT GARDEN MARKET.— August 27th. 
Market very quiet and getting very bare; little or no sieve fruit reaching us. 
FRUIT. 
s. 
a. 
8. 
a. 
8. 
a. 
8. 
a. 
Apples, £ sieve. 
3 
6 
to 6 
0 
Lemons, case. 
10 
0 to 15 
0 
„ Nova Scotia and 
Melons, each. 
l 
0 
2 
0 
Canada, per barrel 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Oranges, per 100 .. .. 
4 
0 
9 
0 
„ Tasmanian, p. case 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Peaches, dozen. 
1 
0 
8 
0 
Cherries, per J sieve 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Plums j sieve. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Grapes, per lb. 
0 
9 
3 
0 
St. Michael Pines, each.. 
2 
0 
6 
0 
Kentish Filberts, 100 lbs. 50 
0 
60 
0 
Strawberries, per lb. .. 
0 
2 
0 
6 
VEGETABLES. 
S. 
a. 
8. 
a. 
8. 
a. 
8. 
a. 
Artichokes, dozen .. .. 
Asparagus, bundle .. 
Beans, Kidney, per lb. .. 
Beet, Red, dozen .. .. 
Brussels Sprouts, J sieve 
Cabbage, dozen .. .. 
Carrots, bunch .. .. 
Cauliflowers, dozen,. .. 
Celery, bundle. 
Coleworts, doz. bunches 
Cucumbers, doz. 
Endive, dozen .. .. .. 
Herbs, bunch. 
Leeks, bunch. 
Lettuce, dozen .. .. .. 
0 0 to 0 0 
0 0 0 0 
0 3 
1 0 
0 0 
0 0 
0 0 
0 0 
0 0 
0 0 
4 0 
1 3 
4 0 
3 6 
0 0 
0 0 
0 0 
1 s 
Mushrooms, punnet .. 1 6 to 2 0 
Mustard & Cress, punnet 0 2 0 0 
Onions, bushel. 3 0 4 0 
Parsley, dozen bunches 2 0 3 0 
Parsnips, dozen .... 1 0 00 
Potatoes, per cwt. 3 0 4 0 
„ New, per lb. .. 0 0 0 0 
Rhubarb, bundle .. .. 0 2 0 0 
Salsafy, bundle .... 1 0 16 
Scorzonera, bundle .... 1 6 00 
Seakale, per bkt. 0 0 0 O 
Shallots, per lb. .... 0 3 0 0 
Spinach, bushel .... 1 0 2 0 
Tomatoes, per lb. 0 3 0 6 
Turnips, bunch .... 0 4 0 0 
CUT FLOWERS. 
8. 
a. 
8. 
a. 
8. 
a. 
8. 
a. 
Arum Lilies, 12 blooms .. 
2 
0 to 
4 
0 
Lilium, various, 12 blms. 
0 
6 to 
l 
0 
Asters, per bunch, French 
0 
9 
1 
0 
,, longiflorum,12blms. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
„ English, 12 bnchs. 
3 
0 
6 
0 
Marguerites, 12 bunches 
2 
0 
6 
0 
Bouvardias, bunch 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Maidenhair Fern, dozen 
Carnations, 12 bunches .. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
bunches. 
4 
0 
9 
0 
„ 12 blooms .. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Mignonette, 12 bunches.. 
1 
0 
3 
0 
Calceolaria, doz. bunches 
Chrysanthemum, 12 blms. 
8 
0 
6 
0 
Pansies, dozen bunches .. 
Pelargoniums, 12 trusses 
1 
0 
2 
0 
1 
0 
3 
0 
0 
9 
1 
0 
„ 12 bunches 
4 
0 
12 
0 
„ scarlet, 12 bnchs 
Pinks (various), doz. bchs. 
3 
0 
6 
a 
Cornflower, doz. bunches 
1 
6 
3 
0 
3 
0 
6 
0 
Dahlias, dozen bunches.. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Primula(double)l2 sprays 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Eschscholtzia, 12 bunches 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Roses (indoor), dozen .. 
0 
6 
1 
6 
Eucharis, dozen 
3 
0 
4 
0 
„ Moss (Eng.), 12 bch. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Forget-me-not, doz. bnch. 
1 
6 
4 
0 
,, Red (Eng.), 12 bch. 
2 
0 
6 
0 
Gardenias, 12 blooms .. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
„ Red, 12 blooms . . 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Gladiolus, 12 bunches .. 
4 
0 
9 
0 
,, Tea, white, dozen. . 
0 
6 
2 
0 
Gypsophila, per bunch, Fr. 
1 
0 
1 
6 
„ Yellow. 
3 
0 
4 
0 
Iris, various, dozen bnchs. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Stocks, dozen bunches .. 
3 
0 
6 
0 
Lapageria, 12 blooms 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Sweet Peas, 12 bunches 
1 
6 
3 
0 
Lavender, dozen bunches 
3 
0 
5 
0 
Tuberoses, 12 blooms . . 
0 
3 
0 
9 
PLANTS IN POTS. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
Aralia Sieboldi, dozen .. 6 
Oto 12 
0 
Geraniums Scarlet, p. doz. 
2 
Oto 6 
0 
Arbor Vitae (golden) doz. 6 
0 
8 
0 
Heliotrope, per doz. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Asters, dozen pots .. .. 3 
0 
6 
0 
Hydrangea, doz. pots .. 
9 
0 
18 
0 
Calceolaria, per doz. .. 4 
0 
6 
0 
Lilium lancifolium, doz. 
9 
0 
18 
0 
Chrysanthemum, per doz. 6 
0 
24 
0 
„ longiflorum, doz. 
12 
0 
24 
0 
Climbing Plants, various, 
Lily of the Valley, 12 pots 
0 
0 
0 
0 
dozen pots.4 
0 
9 
0 
Lobelia, per doz. 
3 
0 
4 
0 
Cyclamen, per dozen .. 0 
0 
0 
0 
Marguerite Daisy, dozen 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Deutzia, 12 pots .. .. 0 
0 
0 
0 
Mignonette, per dozen .. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Dracaena terminalis, doz. 24 
0 
42 
0 
Musk, per dozen .. .. 
Myrtles, dozen. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
„ viridis, dozen .. 12 
0 
24 
0 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Epiphyllum, per dozen .. 0 
0 
0 
0 
Nasturtiums, dozen pots 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Erica, Cavendishi, per pt. 0 
0 
0 
0 
Palms, in var., each.. .. 
2 
6 
21 
0 
„ various, dozen .. 12 
0 
18 
0 
Pelargoniums, per doz. .. 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Euonymus, var., dozen .. 6 
0 
18 
0 
Bhodanthe, per dozen .. 
4 
0 
6 
a 
Evergreens, in var., dozen 6 
Ferns, in variety, dozen.. 4 
0 
24 
0 
Saxifraga pyramidalis, 
0 
18 
0 
per dozen . 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Ficus elastica, each.. .. 1 
6 
7 
0 
Spiraea, 12 pots. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Foliage plants, var., each 2 
0 
10 
0 
Stocks, per doz. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Fuchsia, per doz.4 
0 
9 
0 
Tropaeolums, various, per 
Geraniums, Ivy, per doz. 3 
0 
6 
0 
dozen . 
3 
0 
6 
0 
AMONG THE SHEEP. 
Names of Plants. —We only undertake to name species of plants, 
not varieties that have originated from seed and termed florists’ flowers. 
Flowering specimens are necessary of flowering plants, and Fern fronds 
should bear spores. Specimens should arrive in a fresh state in firm boxes. 
The arrangement of flocks for breeding purposes receives 
special attention at this period of the year, and the improvemen 
or deterioration of a flock depends very much upon the judgment- 
