December 25, 1890. ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
578 
Pears for Cordons (./. F).—The question for you to decide is 
this—Whether with so many trees you could dispose of the produce 
quickly and to advantage .’ If you have any doubt of this, the safer 
course would be to plant at the least half a dozen varieties. Late Pears 
realise the best prices, but autumn Pears often produce the best crops. 
Then, again, all varieties do not succeed equally well in all places. Now 
we understand your case more fully, we suggest as likely to answer your 
purpose Williams’ Bon Chretien, Louise Bonne of Jersey, Marechal de 
Cour, Pitmaston Duchess, Doyenne du Comice, and Josephine de Malines. 
For affording a succession in three varieties, which was what we under¬ 
stood you to require, the three previously named answer well. Beurrd 
d’Amanlis is an excellent grower and bearer, but from some soils the 
fruit is occasionally a little coarse and gritty, yet, generally speaking, it 
is a very useful Pear. If you were planting for home use you would 
require at the least thrice the number of varieties to insure a continuous 
supply. You must remember that Pears cannot, like Apples, be kept 
for any considei’able time after they are ready for use, and a loss not 
infrequently ensues when the whole of the fruit cannot be promptly 
disposed of. You would probably not err by growing a dozen or two 
trees each of Glou Mor§eau and Bergamotte Esperen. 
Screen for Garden (IF. T. S'.).—Your question appears almost 
exactly similar to one we have previously answered. As you cannot spare 
much room for the screen a neat hedge would be suitable. We should 
plant two upright-growing Conifers, such as Cupressus Lawsoniana, at 
the ends of the flower border, and they would mask the extension of the 
border in the kitchen garden, and have an ornamental appearance from 
the house. A hedge could then be taken across either on the kitchen 
garden side of the path next the lawn tennis ground, or at the other end 
nearer the fowl run, the former plan we. should think preferable. We 
should raise a mound on which to plant the hedge, which on the path 
side next the lawn could be faced with rockwork and planted so as to be 
ornamental. The entrance to the kitchen garden could be by the two 
side paths, forming another behind the hedge to reach the central walk. 
The question of forming the hedge is very much a question of cost. The 
Japanese Privet is cheap, quick growing, and neat ; but Conifers have a 
more feathery appearance, and good sized plants to begin with, say of 
the Cupressus named, would cost much more than similar plants of the 
Privet. A cheap method of forming a screen in summer is to sow a row 
of Sweet Peas, Scarlet Runner Beans, or Sunflowers, but a permanent 
evergreen screen would be the more satisfactory. 
Managing' rruit Trees {Yew). —Under the circumstances it 
is scarcely necessary to publish your letter, but we shall be glad to 
insert an account of your experience at some future time. There was 
no wonder at the trees being unsatisfactory. Twisting the roots into 
small holes made in the subsoil is a method of planting that no gar¬ 
dener would adopt except under compulsion, and we know of two 
instances where the owners of trees insisted on that practice being 
carried out, one of them on the ground that the sun would not dry the 
roots, the other to make the trees stand firm without stakes. If you have 
planted your trees in accordance with the instructions given in the 
Essay they are planted correctly. You had better not prune them at 
present, but in spring remove any ill-placed or weak branches, leaving 
the more promising and best disposed a foot or more apart, and if the 
spurs are much crowded on these thin some of them out so that you 
can lay your hand between those remaining. Some of the branches, if 
they extend unduly may be shortened, and the whole of them should 
have a small wood bud, not a large blossom bud, at the end for con¬ 
tinuing the growth ; therefore if blossom buds cluster at the ends of the 
branches, as is not uncommon with stunted trees, cut them back to 
wood buds, even if this somewhat interferes with the symmetry of the 
trees. Should blossom buds be very numerous in the spring it will be 
advantageous to remove some of them before expansion, leaving one or 
two on each spur ; these will then be strengthened accordingly, and if 
the fruit sets there will be ample for a crop next year. There is still 
the contingency of frost destroying the blossoms if protection cannot 
be devised for their preservation. We trust you may be able to effect 
your wish in having at least “ one fruit ” from each tree. 
Names of Fruits. —The names and addresses of senders of fruit 
to be named must in all cases be enclosed with the specimens, whether 
letters referring to the fruit are sent by post or not. The names are 
not necessarily required for publication, initials sufficing for that. Only 
six specimens can be named at once, and any beyond that number cannot 
be preserved. (./. G .').—Pear Comte de Lamy, Apple Cockle’s Pippin. 
(D. S.'). —1, Braddick’s Nonpareil ; 2, Court Pendff Plat ; 3, Wyken 
Pippin; ’4, Northern Greening. (G. L .).— The Pear is Bergamotte 
Esperen. 
Names of Plants, —We only undertake to name species of plants, 
not varieties that have originated from seed and termed florists’ flowers. 
Flowering specimens are necessary of flowering plants, and Fern fronds 
should bear spores. Specimens should arrive in a fresh state in firm boxes. 
Slightly damp moss, soft green grass or leaves form the best packing, dry 
wool the worst. Not more than six specimens can be named at once, 
and the numbers should be visible without untying the ligatures, 
it being often difficult to separate them when the paper is damp. 
(J. T. S). —Your Campanula canariensis is probably Canarina cam- 
panulata, respecting w T hich see reply on preceding page. (R. R .).— 
1, Erica hyemalis ; 2, A good variety of Epiphyllum truncatum ; 
3, Aralia Sieboldi. (IF. IF.).—1, Adiantum trapeziforme ; 2, Asplenium 
bulbiferum ; 3, Lomaria gibba ; 4, Davallia Mooreana. 
COYENT GARDEN MARKET. —December 24th. 
No alteration in prices. Business somewhat better. Hothouse goods in fair supply. 
FRUIT. 
8. 
a. 
s. 
d. 
8. 
a. 
8. 
a. 
Apples, i sieve. 
l 
6 
;o 6 
0 
Lemons, case. 
20 
Oto 23 
0 
„ Nova Scotia and 
Melons, each. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Canada, per barrel 15 
0 
26 
0 
Oranges, per 100 .. .. 
4 
0 
9 
0 
Grapes, per lb. 
0 
9 
3 
0 
St. Michael Pines, each.. 
2 
0 
6 
0 
Kentish Cobs „ 
55 
0 
70 
0 
Strawberries, per lb. .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
VEGETABLES. 
8. 
a. 
8. 
a. 
8. 
a. 
8. 
a. 
Artichokes, dozen .. .. 
0 
0 
;o 0 
0 
Mushrooms, punnet 
l 
6 
to 2 
0 
Beans, Kidney, per lb. .. 
0 
6 
0 
0 
Mustard & Cress, punnet 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Beet, Red, dozen .. .. 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Onions, bushel. 
8 
0 
4 
O 
Brussels Sprouts, £ sieve 
1 
9 
2 
0 
Parsley, dozen bunches 
9 
0 
8 
0 
Cabbage, dozen .. .. 
1 
6 
0 
0 
Parsnips, dozen .. .. 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Carrots, bunch .. .. 
0 
4 
0 
0 
Potatoes, per cwt. 
3 
0 
4 
0 
Cauliflowers, dozen.. .. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Rhubarb, bundle .. .. 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Celery, bundle. 
1 
0 
1 
8 
Salsafy, bundle .. .. 
1 
0 
1 
6 
Coleworts, doz. bunches 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Scorzonera, bundle .. .. 
1 
6 
0 
0 
Cucumbers, doz. 
2 
0 
8 
6 
Seakale, per bkt. 
2 
0 
2 
6 
Endive, dozen. 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Shallots, per lb. 
0 
3 
0 
0 
Herbs,bunch .. 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Spinach, bushel .. .. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Leeks, bunch. 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Tomatoes, per lb. .. .. 
0 
4 
0 
8 
Lettuce, dozen. 
0 
9 
1 
8 
Turnips, bunch .. .. 
0 
0 
0 
4’- 
CUT 
FLOWERS. 
8. 
a. 
8. 
a. 
8. 
a. 
8. 
a. 
Arum Lilies, 12 blooms .. 
4 
Oto 8 
0 
Mimosa (Fnch.,) per bnch 
0 
9 to 1 
0 
Bouvardias, bunch 
0 
6 
l 
0 
Narciss (Paper - white), 
Carnations, 12 blooms .. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
French, doz. bunches .. 
4 
0 
10 
0 
Chrysanthemum, 12 blms. 
1 
0 
3 
0 
Do. Do. English, 
„ 12 bunches 
3 
0 
9 
0 
per bunch . 
1 
0 
i 
6 
Epiphyllum, doz. blooms 
0 
4 
0 
6 
Pelargoniums, 12 trusses 
1 
0 
l 
S 
Eucharis, dozen .. .. 
3 
0 
6 
0 
„ scarlet, 12 bnchs 
4 
0 
6 
u 
Gardenias, 12 blooms .. 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Poinsettia, dozen blooms 
4 
0 
9 
0 
Hyacinths (Roman), doz. 
Primula(double)12 sprays 
0 
6 
1 
0 
sprays . 
0 
6 
1 
3 
Roses (indoor), dozen .. 
0 
6 
1 
6 
Lapageria, 12 blooms 
2 
0 
4 
0 
„ Red, 12 blooms .. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Lilac (French) per bunch 
5 
0 
7 
6 
„ Tea, white, dozen.. 
1 
0 
O 
0 
„ longiflorum,12 blms. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
„ Yellow. 
3 
0 
5 
0 
Lily of the Valley, dozen 
Tuberoses, 12 blooms .. 
0 
4 
0 
9 
sprays . 
8 
0 
6 
0 
Tulips, per dozen .. .. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Maidenhair Fern, dozen 
Violets (Parme) .. .. 
3 
0 
4 
6 
bunches. 
4 
0 
9 
0 
„ (dark) . 
1 
6 
2 
& 
Marguerites, 12 bunches 
2 
0 
6 
0 
„ (English), doz.bnch 
1 
0 
2 
0, 
Mignonette, 12 bunches.. 
3 
0 
6 
0 
Wallflower, doz. bunches 
3 
0 
6 
0 
PLANTS 
IN POTS. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
a. 
8. 
a. 
8. 
a. 
Aralia Sieboldi, dozen .. 
6 
0 to 12 
0 
Hydrangea, doz. pots .. 
9 
Oto 18 
0 
Arbor Vitae (golden) doz. 
6 
0 
8 
0 
Lilium lancifolium, doz. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Chrysanthemum, per doz. 
6 
0 
24 
0 
„ longiflorum, doz. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Climbing Plants, various, 
Lily of the Valley, per pot 
4 
0 
6 
0 
dozen pots. 
4 
0 
9 
0 
Lobelia, per doz. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Dracaena terminalis, doz. 24 
0 
42 
0 
Marguerite Daisy, dozen 
6 
0 
12 
0 
„ viridis, dozen .. 
12 
0 
24 
0 
Mignonette, per dozen .. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Epiphyllum, per dozen.. 
12 
0 
30 
0 
Musk, per dozen .. .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Erica, various, dozen 
12 
0 
18 
0 
Myrtles, dozen. 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Euonymus, var., dozen .. 
6 
0 
18 
0 
Nasturtiums, dozen pots 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Evergreens, in var., dozen 
6 
0 
24 
0 
Palms, in var., each.. .. 
2 
6 
21 
0 
Ferns, in variety, dozen.. 
4 
0 
18 
0 
Pelargoniums, per doz. .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Ficus elastics, each.. 
1 
6 
7 
0 
Poinsettia, per doz. 
9 
0 
15 
0 
Foliage plants, var., each 
2 
0 
10 
0 
Rhodanthe, per dozen .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Fuchsia, per doz. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Stocks, per doz. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Geraniums Scarlet, p. doz. 
2 
0 
6 
0 
Tropseolums, various, per 
Hyacinths (Roman), doz. 
dozen . 
0 
0 
0 
0 
pots. 
8 
0 
10 
0 
Tulips, dozen pots .. .. 
8 
0 
12 
0 
CHRISTMAS NOTES. 
No great change have we to record this Christmas in the agri¬ 
cultural situation, but the fact of the superior quality of the cattle 
at the great Christmas market at Southfield, and of the fat beasts 
at the Smithfield Club Show at Islington is sufficiently remarkable 
to have special mention made of it. That there is a decided 
improvement in the quality of imported beasts as well as home¬ 
bred stock is certain ; but at the great Christmas market Scots still 
held the lead which they have taken so long, and though decided 
efforts were made to force up prices there was no proportionate 
general advance. 
The fat stock show season is one of the best we have had. At 
the Birmingham Show there were fifteen beasts each weighing 1 ton 
and upwards, live weight, the heaviest beast being a Hereford 
weighing 21 cwt. 3 qrs. 9 lbs., its age being three years ten months,, 
