14 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
[ July 1, 1886. 
Lord Middleton ; third, SirH. M. Thompson, Bart. Nectarines (twelve exhi¬ 
bits) first the Misses Pease; second Lord Carrington; third Mr. Mclndoe. 
Three bunches black Grapes (six exhibits) first Mr. J. Hickson-Clifford for 
fine Black Hamburghs; second Sir H. M. Thompson, Bart; third Lord 
Hotham. Three bunches white Grapes (eight exhibits) first Lord Hotham 
for very fine well-coloured Buckland Sweetwater; second Mr. Mclndoe ; 
third Mr. Miles. Strawberries.—First Lord Middleton with very fine James 
Yeitch; second P. Thellusson, Esq., with British Queen ; third Mrs. Gntch 
with President, all good. Tomatoes (nine exhibits of twelve fruits) first Mr. 
Mclndoe with Stamfordian, a handsome bright-coloured smooth variety ; 
second G. Hardy, Esq., a seedling very closely resembling Stamfordian ; 
third J. Fielden, Esq. Cucumbers (twenty-seven exhibits) good through¬ 
out. Cut herbaceous plants (six exhibits) all good; first prize to Mr. G. 
Holmes, York. 
In the classes for two bridal and two ball-room bouquets, Mr. Cypher was 
first in each class in his usual style ; Mrs. Gurney Pease second, and Mr. 
W. Knight, Middlesborough, second and third respectively in each class. 
In epergnes, Mr. Cypher first, and Mr. A. Hunt, gardener, Holme Hall, 
second. There were four collections of vegetables staged in competition 
for Messrs. Backhouse’s prizes, Mr. Miles taking the first prize with a well 
set up lot of first-rate quality ; second, Col. Thorpe; third, the Earl of 
Harrington. The cut stove and greenhouse flowers are always well repre¬ 
sented here. Mr. Letts was first with twelve varieties, with beautiful 
Orchids and others. Mr. Mclndoe second. Third, A. Wilson, Esq. 
For six varieties of stove and greenhouse flowers, first Mr. Mclndoe, second, 
the Misses Pease. Gloxinias.—The Rev. Canon Newton secured the first 
prizes in each class, but the plants were too stiffly and formally tied. 
The highest praise must be given to the great display of well-grown 
Fuchsias. In the class for six there were five exhibits, J. Bellesby, Esq., 
York, taking the first prize with superb plants, averaging 5 feet in height. 
There were eight exhibitors of three Fuchsias, and the first prize went 
to Miss Wharton, York, for grand plants. Second, J. Bellesby, Esq. 
Herbaceous Calceolarias were good and somewhat numerous, clean well- 
grown plants, the Rev. Canon Newton taking first prizes for six and three. 
Begonias were tolerably numerous, but with one exception, Mr. W. Foster’s, 
inferior sorts were exhibited. 
York is celebrated for its grand display of Pelargoniums, and the large 
tent was again well filled. Fancies are more numerously shown here, and 
only one exhibitor, Mr. Eastwood, gardener to Mrs. Titley, Leeds, was first 
for six and three with well grown plants. The large-flowered Pelargoniums 
were much more numerous, and in the classes for twelve, six, and three Mr. 
Eastwood was first with magnificent specimens in fine condition. Mr. 
McIntosh, gardener to .T. T. Hingston, Esq., was second in each class with 
excellent specimens, and Miss Steward of Bishopsthorpe third for twelve and 
three.. The Zonals were very fine indeed, and a striking feature of the 
Exhibition, and very numerous. Here again Mr. Eastwood was first for 
twelve and six plants; MesBrs. Pybus cfc Son, Ripon, second for twelve, Mr. 
McIntosh third, and J. Bellesby, Esq., fourth, and still one other exhibit. 
For six Zonals, second Miss Steward with well-grown plants ; third Mr. 
McIntosh, and there were two other exhibits. In the class for six double 
Pelargoniums, Messrs. Simpson & Sons were first, Mr. Eastwood second, 
the Rev. George Yeats third, and three other exhibits. For three doubles— 
First, Rev. Mr. Yeats; second, Mr. Eastwood, and two other exhibitors. 
Six Bronzes—First, J. Bellenby, Esq., with very large, well done, highly 
coloured plants. For three Bronzes—First, Miss Wharton with well-grown 
plants. Tricolors were well represented. For six, first Messrs. Pybus and 
Sons, and first for three the Rev. G. Yeats. 
The principal exhibitors for Roses in pots were Messrs. Jackson & Co. 
Messrs. Pybus & Son, Miss Steward, and Mr. Eastwood. Large numbers of 
plants were staged, and the quality was an improvement on previous years. 
Eight exhibitors of Bix dinner table plants brought out an excellent display, 
Mrs. Gurney Pease taking the first prize and J. B. Hodgkin, Esq., the second. 
Cut Roses were not so numerous as usual, but Mr. Hy. May of Bedale first- 
prize forty-eight were very good, and Mr. Eastwood was second. For thirty- 
six blooms Mr. May was again first, and Mr. John House, Peterborough, 
second, all with out-of-doors blooms. For twenty-four blooms, equal 
firsts went to Mr. H. May and Mr. Eastwood. 
Messrs. Laing & Co., Forest Hill, contributed a fine stand of cut Begonias, 
to which a certificate was awarded. Certificates were also awarded to 
Messrs. Kent & Brvdon, Darlington, for a collection of Yiolas and other cut 
flowers, and to Messrs. Harkness & Son for a fine collection of fancy 
Pansies. 
Orchids are to be made a special feature next year ; a subscription list 
is already entered into for 1150 in extra prizes in addition to the 
Society’s prizes, the Sheriff of York heading the list with £5, and over £30 
was promised on the first day of the Exhibition, and the Committee hope to 
receive further encouragement from the trade growers of Orchids. 
WQRKjoflTHE WEEK,. 
KITCHEN GARDEN. 
Growing Chops. —Crops are now growing freely, but growth has 
been slower this year than we have noted it in many seasons, though the 
plants are healthy, and we have never seen so few of them running to 
flower prematurely. None of our early Celery has run, neither have the 
Brussels Sprouts, although sown last autumn, and none of the Cauliflower 
has “ buttoned.”. Turnips, although sown as early as usual, have shown 
no signs of running, and in this respect the crops are very satisfactory. 
Judging from present appearance the vegetable crops of 1886 will be 
ge arally good and free from diseass. We are now digging Potatoes 
f. m a south-east border, and although small they are numerous and of 
excellent quality. The variety is Rivers’ Ashleaf. 
Onions Bulbing. —Onions are late this season. Four years ago we 
had spring-sown bulbs 11 inches in circumference hy the 1st of July, but 
this year they will not be half that size on that date, and yet they have 
had equally good culture. Those who want large bulbs this season must 
thin the plants freely and expose them well to the sun now. Care should 
also be taken when any are drawn for use that they are plants with the 
thickest necks, as those will never bulb well, and should always be used 
first. Autumn-sown Onions must have the soil removed from the bulbs, 
and if a saucer-like place is formed round each, they may be watered 
conveniently, and will become very large in size. They can hardly have 
too much water now, and liquid of considerable strength will soon bring 
them into show form. 4 BMs> 
Spent Crops. —Many of the early crops are soon over, as they are 
not, as a rule, sown in large quantities, and the produce is always 
gathered from them as soon as possible, but there is often a little care¬ 
lessness in clearing them away altogether when the crop is finished, or 
has become too old for use, and it is this which becomes unprofitable. 
Some may say, “ We do not want the ground at present for anything,” 
but that is not all. Old crops, especially those going to seed, take a great 
deal of nourishment out of the soil ; indeed they exhaust it more than 
when they were growing, and they should all be cleared away the day 
they cease to be of use. 
Spring Cabbages. —These are now well in, but they are some weeks 
behind their usual time and not so fine as we have seen them. The plants 
are not so vigorous as usual, and where this is the case it will be best to 
draw the roots up as soon as the heads are cut off and plant again. More 
Cabbage may be put in or some other crop. Where the stems and roots 
are very strong they will, if left, produce quantities of side sprouts like 
small Cabbages further on or in autumn, but when there is no chance of 
their doing this, throw them away as they will never be profitable. 
Asparagus. —Of late this has been excellent and large quantities 
have been cut, but cutting should now cease, as it injures the roots if 
carried on too late. We always give up the Asparagus as soon as the 
Peas come in, which is generally early in June, or by the middle of that 
month at the latest, but whether the Peas be ready or not the cutting 
should be stopped. When the crowns are springing up it is quite impos¬ 
sible to hoe the ground amongst the plants, and the beds are apt to become 
very weedy owing to this; but when hoeing cannot be done hand-weeding 
must be resorted to, and every Asparagus plantation should now be quite 
free from weeds. A small handful of salt may be sprinkled round each 
root either before or after hoeing. Considerable damage is often done 
to Asparagus by allowing the tall growths to be Mown over by the wind, 
and as soon as the growths become tall enough to be tied up place a stake 
close to the root of each plant, and the growths should be tied to this with 
a strong piece of matting. This is one of the most important points in 
the summer culture of Asparagus. 
Late Celery. —This must now receive attention. If the plants are 
still small dibble them into some good soil until they gain a height of 
4 inches or so, and then plant them out. Where they are this size now 
they may be planted at once, putting three or four rows in each trench 
and watering them thoroughly after planting. Some may have kept on a 
number of the early plants to place out now as late ones, but these will 
never be so satisfactory as plants raised from late-sown seed. Place a 
layer of short manure between those plants in the trenches. This will 
save watering and keep the roots cool and moist. Earth up the earliest 
plants. Begin this operation by drawing o£E the short side leaves, then 
break up the soil on each side of the trench, and work it carefully down 
and round tbe plants. A layer of soil from 3 inches to 4 inches in depth 
is quite enough for the first earthing. 
Tomatoes. —The earlier plants in pots and boxes are bearing heavily, 
and the fru t is swelling well. They will, however, soon become ex¬ 
hausted, and should have liquid manure daily in hot weather. It is 
impossible to give them too much. A top-dressing of first-rate manure 
will also be very beneficial, and they must never be allowed to sulfer 
from drought. Where the main shoots are long and fruitless for a long 
way up allow a fresh shoot to grow from near the surface of the soil, and by 
exposing this to light and air it will begin to fruit early, and may be 
used as a new plant. Where tbe crop is very heavy remove all deformed 
fruits. We find the cook prefers medium-sized ones to very large fruits. 
The open-air plants are now starting into growth. Give them plenty of 
clean water until the crop is formed. Pinch out all side shoots, and keep 
the points of the leaders in their proper places ; do not allow them to fall 
over or become twisted. 
Crowded Vegetables. —There is a great tendency at this season 
for vegetables to become crowded, and under this condition nothing will 
gain a handsome size. Thinning, as a rule, is not practised enough 
or to such an extent as it should be, and we would urge on all who wish 
to gain distinction for the excellency of their crops to have no hesitation 
in th nmng, especially at this season. 
Late Beetroot. —It is a mistake to have Beetroot too large, and 
the early-sown roots are very apt to become too large by the end of the 
season ; but if a few rows are put in now the roots will be in excellent 
condition as to quality by October. 
FRUIT FORCING. 
Vines. — Early Houses .—The Grapes being cut, keep the house as cool 
as possible by free ventilation, and withdraw the roof lights where prac¬ 
ticable when rains prevail. The cleansing effect of rain is very beneficial, 
