July 39, 1888. 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
87 
therefore, as side buds become visible remove them. Some varie¬ 
ties are much given to form side issues, especially Vicomtesse 
Hericart de Thury, and unless they are removed we get many 
crowns, which all take support, and a correspondingly weak 
central one. Take care in removing the side buds from the 
axils of the leaves not to injure the leaves or the central bud. 
They are best pushed sideways with a knife point, or pointed 
piece of hard wood. The central bud will then become strong 
and more highly developed, pushing strong trusses and more 
readily than those with many crowns when placed in heat. Sir 
Harry and La Grosse Sucrt'e are not much given to forming 
side issues, but they are the best looked over not later than the 
early part of September ; indeed, all should be so treated where 
fine fruits are desired, continuing it up to October, but the 
earlier it is attended to the better chance of the crowns becoming 
well developed. 
Wintering. —By early November, or in cold seasons the 
middle of October, the earliest plants must be placed in their 
winter quarters in frames or pits, and plunged to the rims of the 
pots. The lights need only be used in the case of heavy rains, 
then tilted top and bottom, and in case of snow or frost. When¬ 
ever the temperature is above 35° outside withdraw the lights. 
All that is wanted is protection from heavy rains, snow, and 
severe frost—complete rest as far as it can be effected without 
drought. The plants must be looked over for water, and given 
whenever necessary. The frames or pits must be where they 
will receive all the light possible. In severe weather protection 
should be over the lights. 
Midseason plants should be remivedto a sheltered situation, 
and be plunged to the rim in ashes or other material, but if they 
are in a position such as advised for growing they will be best 
left alone, seeing that the mulching is brought up to the rim of 
the pots or over them. In very severe weather they can be pro¬ 
tected with a little dry soft straw, to be removed in mild 
weather is all the protection necessary. 
Late plants require similar treatment to the last named. 
The roots must be protected, but the tops are hardy, or the 
little attention indicated in severe weather is all that is desir¬ 
able. All plants should be in their winter quarters before the 
setting in of severe weather. It does not answer to let the roots 
get frozen in the pots, they must be removed before that occcurs. 
No amount of rain or snow will injure them if the drainage is 
clear. Stacking the plants against walls in sawdust is an 
obsolete practice, also keeping them in orchard and Peach 
houses dry, and with a current of air passing through the 
structures.— G. Abbey. 
NEW PEAS CERTIFICATED. 
At a meeting of the Fruit and Vegetable Comitteee held at Chiswick 
recently, present, C. Silverlock, Esq., in the chair ; Messrs. Weir, Sutton, 
Miles, Norman, Denning, Warren, Law, and Barron (Secretary), the 
collection of Peas growing in the garden was examined, and first-class 
certificates awarded to the following :— 
Fame (Eckford).—A green wrinkled Marrow, with large deep green 
well-filled pods ; height 5 feet. 
Empress (Eckford).—White wrinkled Marrow, well filled large broad 
pods, vigorous grower ; height 5 feet. 
Eeelling No. 16 (Wildsmith).—White wrinkled Marrow, very long 
pods, strong grower, good cropper ; height 4 feet. 
President Garfield (Veitch).—White wrinkled, large well-filled pods, 
heavy cropper ; height 3 feet 6 inches. 
FLOWER SHOWS AND “AMATEURS.” 
It was with much satisfaction that I read in this week’s Journal the 
letter signed by “ Saxoring,” and very cordially do I agree with his re¬ 
mark that “ things are not at present quite fair to the real amateurs, 
and want a little supervision by those whom it concerns to keep each class 
as it ought to be, purely professional and purely amateur,” and it seems 
to me that this is peculiarly true with reference to exhibits of cut Roses, 
whether at shows of Roses exclusively, or in classes at mixed flower 
showe. 
As an illustration let me mention my own case. I am engaged in the 
city every day from 9 to 6—that is to say, I am away from home from 
8.20 A.m. till 6.40 P.M., and as my salary is too small to allow me to 
engage help, I have to do all my work—planting, budding, pruning, 
manuring—myself. In addition to this my garden is within five miles 
of St. Paul’s Cathedral. 
Well, now, desiring to try my strength at the shows, I go to the 
Crystal Palace, and in the smallest class (twelve singles) I have to 
compete with the gardener to a gentleman who has a large estate in the 
most lovely part of Surrey, and who counts his Roses by thousands, and 
with four similarly situated gentlemen from other parts of the country. 
At the National it is the same, although they have done something to 
meet the difficulty by providing a number of divisions, and not allowing 
the sane man to compete in more than one. But still, in most cases my 
competitors are gentlemen who have ample means, good situations, and 
regular gardeners. It dees seem to me that a distinction should be made 
between gentlemen so situated and those, like myself, who have to do all 
their work with their own hands. 
Well, sir, I would not have troubled you with this letter if I had not 
had a suggestion to offer which I think would at least partly meet the 
case. I was looking over the schedule of a large local show, in which after 
Two or three open classes there was one provided “ confined to those 
amateur members who do not have assistance more than two days a week.” 
Now, I think that is an example which might well be followed by the 
Crystal Palace managers, and particularly by the National Rose Society, 
which seeks to promote interest in the Rose in all possible ways. Let 
there be a class provided, say, for twelve blooms, confined to those who 
only have the help of a gardener once or twice a week. I believe there 
would be a good entry when it became known, aud would prove a real 
encouragement to the small men who under present circumstances feel 
that it would be labour in vain to think of exhibiting. I commend the idea 
to the proper authorities, and hope it may be well discussed and favour¬ 
ably received. —A Small Rose-grower. 
DENDROBIUM WILLIAMSIANUM. 
On Tuesday, July 13t\ Mr. B. 8. Williams, Upper Holloway 
exhibited at South Kensington a plant in flower of the remarkably 
/ 
St 
Fig. 13.—Dendrobium Williamsiatum. 
distinct and handsome Dendrobium named above, which the Blora 
Committee very deservedly honoured with a first-class certificate. Ihe 
appearance of sterling novelties like this add surprisingly to the interest 
of the meetings, and the general question addressed to horticultural 
visitors on the day named was “ Have you seen Mr. Williams grand new 
Dendrobium ? ” But perhaps the plant can scarcely be termed a novelty, 
though its flowers are, for it baa been in cultivation for eight years, having 
been introduced to the Upper Holloway nursery by Mr. Goldie, who, 
when collecting in New Guinea discovered this species, and it was named 
in honour of the well-known genial orchidist, Mr. B. S. Williams. At 
first sight the flowers in form are suggestive of the Rainy Month Flower 
of Ceylon, Dendrobium McCarthise, but the colour is different, and upon 
a closer examination some structural differences are noticeable. The 
plant has slender tapering terete pseudo-bulbs, vri h a few small leaves 
scattered along them. The racemes are produced from the upper portion 
of the pseudo-bulbs, and the one from which our engraving was prepared 
(fig. 13) had six flowers and buds, but the uppermost one had been 
