July 29, 1886. ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
103 
growths ; indeed, some of the large leaves may be shortened, not all at 
once, but by degrees if they a r e very large and quite overshadow the fruit. 
Some of the large leaves below the fruit may also be shortened, a few at a 
time, so as not to give a check to the flow of sap for supporting the crop. 
Datura suaveolens (S A.). —This, no donbt, is the plant to which you 
refer. It grows well in rich fibrous loam with a little sand, wood ashes, or 
gritty matter intermixed to render it porous. It should be potted firmly 
and syringed frequ/ntly to keep down red spider, and is benefited by being 
stood outside in the summer in a rather shaded place at first to prevent the 
sun scorching the foliage, and eventually in the full sun to ripen the growth, 
but the leaves must not flag by an insufficiency of water at the roots. The 
pot should be shaded. Gradually reduce the supply of water towards the 
autumn, and keep the soil rather dry than wet in the winter. 
Cucumbers for Market (.4 Young Beginner). —All we can do is to advise 
you to adopt a different system of management in future, as it is clear you 
cannot grow Cucumbers on the non-ventilating plan, though others may do 
so. It not a safe plan for “ beginners,” nor is it equally adaptable for all 
houses and districts. You cannot do better than consult the “ Work for the 
Week” pages in back numbers of this Journal, and you will find sound 
advice on Cucumber culture and management about every fortnight. Weak 
liquid manure is very good for Cucumbers when they are bearing freely, 
and they should be encouraged to produce fresh roots by periodical top- 
dressings of rough rich soil. ■ 
Destroying Queen Wasps {James Watts). —You are quite right in 
supposing that all wasps appearing in spring are queens, which would, if no 
accident occured to them, produce a similar number of nests. The number 
of young wasp3 produced, however, appears to depend very much on the 
weather experienced during the month of May. Wasps were exceedingly 
numerous during the early part of this year, but owing to the weather 
being very wet at the time they generally commence building the chances 
are that they will not be proporlionately abundant during the summer. 
The plan of offering prizes or otherwise paying for queens collected is a 
good one, and if generally acted on would keep down these disagreeable 
insects considerably. 
PJum Trees on North Wall (A Young Gardener). — Train in all the 
growths that will be required for furnishing the trees their full length, 
and stop all others to within three joints or leaves of their base. They should 
be trained so as to cover the wall with the branches about 9 inches apart, 
not nearer, and they need not exceed 12 inches. If the side growths break 
after being once stopped pinch them again at the first joint of growth, and 
repeatedly through the summer. In the autumn they may be cut back to a 
couple of buds, or an inch or so of their bases, but the main shoots need 
not be shortened unless it be necessary to originate other shoots, when they 
should be cut back accordingly. Depressed or brought into their proper 
position they will no doubt give sufficient Bhoots for furnishing the space 
without cutting back, and form fruit buds on short stubby growths through¬ 
out their length by pinchiDg those not required for space-filling at the 
third joint. 
Difference of Growth and Bloom of Roses (Bolton). —We think the 
difference is due in some degree to soil, and in part also to climate. We 
find a great difference both in the growth and flowers of the same varieties 
in the same garden. In soil that is light and rich the growth is strong and 
the buds large, also the flosvers.bat they have not nearly the same substance 
of petal, nor nearly so full and lasting as those grown where the soil had the 
addition of a third of clay or marl in making the beds, the Boses in this 
making sturdier, shorter jointed wood, with much finer and cleaner foliage. 
We think the soil of your friend’s garden is better suited for Roses than 
yours, and the climate may also be better for Roses. We do not know of 
any other cause likely to influence the Roses in the way you describe. 
Give them a stronger soil with rich surface dressings, more particularly 
those containing potash and lime. 
Tomatoes not Setting ( B. S. -/.).—Some varieties naturally set better 
than others. Excessive vigour and a damp atmosphere are impediments 
to the setting of the fruit. Growers for market keep the atmosphere of 
their Tomato houses dry, and give only sufficient water to prevent the 
plants flagging till a good number of the flower trusses are set, then give 
water freely to support the fruit. There is nothing antagonistic in this to 
the practice described by our correspondent of syringing the plants now and 
then when in flower, as we can quite understand that a good dash with a 
syringe when the air of the house is dry would conduce to the settiug of 
the fruit by dispersing of the pollen. Some cultivators syringe the bunches 
of Muscat Grapes when flowering with the same object. Tomatoes grown 
in pots often set better than plants that are growing luxuriantly in beds of 
rich soil. We Buspect you have given your plants too much water, and 
they have in consequence grown too luxuriantly. 
will save the present crop. A 4£-inch wall will be sufficient for confining 
the roots. 
Names of Fruits.—The names and addresses of senders of fruit to 
be named must in all cases be enclosed with the specimens, whether 
letters referring to the fruit are sent by post or not. The names are 
not necessarily required for publication, initials sufficing for that. 
Only six specimens can be named at once, and surplus fruits beyond that 
number cannot be preserved. (W. It., Wimbledon). —The Strawberries, in 
consequence of being loosely packed in a large box, were smashed into jam 
by shaking in transit, and we can only say the leaf resembles Dr. Hogg. 
(Thomas Joyce). —5, Yicar of Winkfield; 7,Duchesse d’Angouleme; 8, Beurre 
d’Aremberg; 11, Nouveau Poiteau; 18, Jargonelle ; 27, Van Mona L6on Le 
Clerc. 
Names of Plants.—We only undertake to name species of plants, not 
varieties that have originated from seed and termed florists’ flowers. 
Flowering specimens are necessary of flowering plants, and Fern fronds 
should bear spores. Specimens should arrive in a fresh state in firm 
boxes. Slightly d.amp moss or soft green leaves form the best packing, dry 
cotton wool the worst. Not more than six specimens can be named at once. 
(Miss Barnes). —Your plant is a Clianthus, probably C. puniceus. It is a 
greenhouse plant, but grows well in a frame in the summer. If it is kept in 
a house it should be syringed well occasionally, as it is liable to be attacked 
with red spider. (J. Beadle). —1, Phytolacca decandra ; 2, Stachys lanata ; 
3, Aloe speciosa ; 4, Adiantum pubescens. (J. L.). —The specimen sent is a 
poor one, but it resembles Melampyrum pratense, the Yellow Cow Wheat. 
Driving Bees (Alpha ).—Your letter, with “ A Lanarkshire Bee-keeper’s 
reply to it, will be published in an early issue of this Journal. 
COYENT GARDEN MARKET.— July 28th. 
Heavy supplies reaching us, and, with business dull, prices are lower. 
FRUIT, 
s. d. s. d. 
Apples.£ sieve 0 0 to 0 0 
Cherries. £ Bieve SO 4 0 
Currants, B'ack .. J sieve 2 3 2 6 
„ Red .. £ sieve 2 6 0 0 
Figs . dozen 16 2 0 
Grapes.lb. 1 0 SO 
Lemons.case 10 0 15 0 
s. d. s. d. 
Melon .each 1 0 to 2 0 
Oranges . 100 6 0 12 o 
Peaches.perdoz. 4 0 10 0 
Pine Apples English.. It). 2 0 3 0 
Plums. £ sieve 0 0 0 0 
St. Michael Fines ..each 4 0 6 0 
Strawberries.. .. per lb. 0 6 10 
VEGETABLES. 
Artichokes . 
. dozen 
s. 
1 
d. 
0 
S. 
to 0 
d 
0 
Lettuce .. .. 
s. 
1 
d. 
0 
s. 
to 1 
d 
6 
Asparagus .. . 
. bundle 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Mushrooms .. 
.. punnet 
0 
8 
1 
0 
Beans, Kidney 
lb. 
0 
3 
0 
0 
Mustard and Cress punnet 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Beet, Red .. . 
dozen 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Onions ,. .. 
0 
3 
0 
0 
Broccoli. 
bundle 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Parsley .. dozen bunches 
2 
0 
3 
e 
Brussels Sprouts . 
. £ sieve 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Parsnips .. .. 
1 
0 
3 
0 
Cabbage . 
dozen 
1 
6 
0 
0 
Potatoes .. .. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Capsicums .. . 
100 
1 
6 
2 
0 
,, Kidney 
.. cwt. 
4 
e 
6 
0 
Carrots. 
bunch 
0 
6 
0 
0 
Rhubarb .. .. 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Cauliflowers .. . 
. dozen 
3 
0 
4 
0 
Salsafy .. .. 
1 
0 
1 
6 
Celery . 
bundle 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Scorzonera .. 
.. bundle 
1 
6 
0 
0 
Coleworts doz. 
bunches 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Seakale .. .. 
per basket 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Cucumbers .. . 
. each 
0 
3 
0 
6 
Shallots .. .. 
0 
3 
0 
0 
Endive. 
dozen 
1 
0 
s 
0 
Spinach .. .. 
8 
0 
4 
0 
Herbs . 
. bunch 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Tomatoes 
0 
4 
0 
6 
Leeks . 
. bunch 
0 
8 
0 
4 
Turnips .. 
0 
4 
0 
6 
PLANTS IN POTS. 
e. d. s. d. 
Aralia Sieboldi .. dozen 9 0 to 18 0 
Arbor vita 1 (golden) dozen 0 0 0 0 
„ (common) dozen 6 0 12 0 
Arum Lilies .. .. dozen 0 0 0 0 
Bedding Plants, var. doz. 10 2 0 
Begonias .. .. dozen 6 0 9 0 
Calceolaria .. per dozen 4 0 9 0 
Cineraria .. .. dozen 0 0 0 0 
Cockscombs per dozen 4 0 6 0 
Crassula .. per dozen 12 0 24 0 
Cyperus.dozen 4 0 12 0 
Dracfflna terminalis, dozen 30 0 60 0 
„ viridis .. dozen 12 0 24 0 
Erica, various .. dozen 12 0 24 0 
Euonymus, in var. dozen 6 0 18 0 
Evergreens, in var. dozen 6 0 24 0 
Ferns, in variety .. dozen 4 0 18 0 
s. 
a. 
B. 
d. 
Ficus elastica 
.. each 
1 
6 
to 7 
0 
Fuchsia 
per dozen 
4 
0 
9 
0 
Foliage Plants, var. each 
2 
0 
10 
0 
Heliotropo 
per dozen 
4 
0 
8 
0 
Hydrangea .. 
per dozen 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Ivy Geraniums 
per dozen 
3 
0 
6 
0 
Lilium auratum 
per doz. 
24 
0 
60 
0 
„ lancifolium per doz. 
9 
0 
18 
0 
„ longiflomm per doz. 
18 
0 
SO 
0 
Lobelias .. 
per dozen 
S 
0 
4 
0 
Marguerite Daisy dozen 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Mignonette .. 
per dozen 
3 
0 
6 
0 
Musk .. .. 
per dozen 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Myrtles .. 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Palms, in var. 
each 
2 
6 
21 
0 
Pelargoniums, scarlet, doz. 
3 
0 
6 
0 
Pelargoniums 
per dozen 
6 
0 
15 
e 
Figs Failing (Cranfordian) — The Figs sent are abortive. They are in 
that condition known as flowering, when the fruit opens at its apex or eye 
for the admission of air to the organs of fructification. The most probable 
cause of the condition of the fruit is excessive luxuriance of the tree. This 
is fatal to seeding, and is analogous to stoning in Peaches, &c. The only 
remedy is to diminish the vigour of the tree, or give it more heat with 
corresponding air, so as to secure the better elaboration of the sap and its 
consequent assimilation. As the tree is in a cool house we should keep the 
growths thin, in order that air and light may have free access, and in 
autumn cut the roots about 2 feet from the stem and quite down to the 
bottom of the border. This, if done early in October, will check late 
growth, the wood then having a better chance of ripening. The soil 
removed should be returned and made firm. In case the roots have the 
run of a wide border it would be the best plan to lift the tree in autumn 
so soon as the leaves tnrn yellow, and, taking out the soil, put in a wall so 
as to confine the roots to a space of not more than 3 feet wide and double 
the length, or 6 feet, putting in a foot of drainage and 30 inches depth of 
compost, which should consist of good turfy loam of medium texture, 
adding a fifth of old mortar rubbish and a sixth of road scrapings 
thoroughly incorporated. In this lay the roots near the surface and make 
the soil firm. This will induce a sturdy short-jointed growth, and with 
plenty of light and air the wood will be thoroughly solidified as made, and 
fruitful. Mulching and feeding will be necessary during growth. Nothing 
CUT FLOWERS. 
a. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
S. 
d. 
Abntilons 
12 bunches 
a 
0 to 4 
0 
Lily of the Valley, 12 sprays 
0 
0 
to 0 
0 
Arum Lilies . 
12 blooms 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Marguerites .. 
12 bunches 
8 
0 
6 
0 
Asters .. . 
. doz. blooms 
0 
6 
0 
9 
Mignonette .. 
12 bunches 
1 
6 
4 
0 
Azalea .. . 
12 sprays 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Myosotis 
12 bunches 
a 
0 
3 
0 
Bouvardias . 
per bunch 
0 
e 
1 
0 
Pelargoniums, per 12 trusses 
0 
9 
1 
0 
Camellias 
12 blooms 
0 
0 
0 
0 
„ scarlet, 12 trusses 
0 
s 
0 
6 
Carnations . 
12 blooms 
1 
0 
8 
0 
Roses 
12 bunches 
2 
0 
9 
0 
12 bunohes 
8 
0 
6 
0 
„ (indoor), 
per dozen 
0 
6 
a 
0 
Chrysanthemums 12 blooms 
0 
0 
0 
0 
„ Tea.. .. 
0 
9 
l 
0 
Cornflower . 
12 bunches 
1 
6 
8 
0 
„ red 
.. dozen 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Cowslips 
doz. bunches 
0 
0 
0 
0 
,, Moss 
12 bunches 
9 
0 
12 
0 
Daffodils 
12 bunches 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Primroses, Yellow, dozen 
Epiphyllam .. 
doz. blooms 
0 
0 
0 
0 
dozen bunches 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Eucharis 
per dozen 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Pyrethrum .. 
12 bunches 
4 
0 
9 
0 
Gardenias 
12 blooms 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Spiraea .. .. 
12 sprays 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Hellebore .. 
doz. blooms 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Stephanotis .. 
12 sprays 
2 
0 
3 
0 
Hyacinths,Roman,12 spray3 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Stocks, various 
12 bunches 
3 
0 
5 
0 
Iris. 
12 bunches 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Sunflowers 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Lapageria, white, 12 blooms 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Sweet Pea? .. 
12 bunches 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Lapageria, red 
.. 12 blooms 
1 
0 
a 
0 
Sweet Saltan 
12 bunches 
s 
0 
4 
0 
Lavender dozen bunches 
4 
0 
7 
0 
Tropseolam .. 
12 bunches 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Lilium candidum 12 blms. 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Tuberoses 
12 blooms 
0 
6 
1 
0 
12 bches. 24 
0 
30 
0 
Violets .. .. 
12 bunches 
0 
0 
0 
0 
„ longi florum, 12 blms. 
s 
0 
< 
0 
„ Czsr, Fr. 
• • bunch 
0 
0 
0 
0 
