September 9, 1886. ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
223 
We are informed that the Bury and West Suffolk Horticul¬ 
tural Society's Show of Fruit and Chrysanthemums will 
be held on Thursday and Friday, November 11th and 12th. Mr. P. Grieve 
is the Hon. Sec. 
as a People’s Park and Recreation Ground. Provision was to be made 
for a cricket-ground, gymnasium, lawn-tennis court, &j. The Corporation 
invited designs for laying out and planting the ground in an appropriate 
manner, and offered a prize of £20 to the competitor whose design was 
most approved, and £5 as a second prize. The designs were sent in 
marked with a motto, so that the authors were not known until after the 
selection had been made. The prize of £20 has been awarded to Messrs. 
R. Yeitch & Son of the Royal Nursery, Exeter ; the second going to Mr. 
R. Upcher, of Scole, in Norfolk. There were, eighteen designs stnt in 
from all parts of England. Messrs. Veitch Sc Son are to be congratu¬ 
lated on their success .—(Devon and Exeter Daily Gazette.') 
-Mr. Edmund P. Dixon, Hull, sends us specimens of Chrysan¬ 
themum Cups and Tubes, and informs us he has named this appliance the 
“Jameson Tube.” The cups and tubes are identical with those figured on 
page 177, and described by Mr. Molyneux. We suspect it is the Molyneux 
tube with the Jameson spring, and therefore ought to be good and of 
service to exhibitors of cut blooms of Chrysanthemums, by whom the twin 
appliance will, no doubt, be largely used. It is advertised in another 
column. 
- Gardening Appointment. —Mr. C. O. Sjoquist, for several 
years general foreman to Mr. Rann, Handcross Park, Crawley, the well- 
known successful plant exhibitor, has been engaged as head gardener by 
W. H. Loder, Esq., High Beeches, Crawley. 
- We have received the schedule of the Kettering Chrysan¬ 
themum Show, in which a number of moderate prizes are offered in 
the different sections. Non-members of the Society can exhibit on pay¬ 
ment of an entrance fee of 4s. There are prizes also for vegetables and 
fruit. The Show will be held on November 20th, and Mr. W. Pike is the 
Secretary. 
-Another Chrysanthemum Show.—W e have received a 
schedule of prizes of the first ChiysanthemEm Show to be held in con 
nection with the Sutton (Surrey) Rose Society, and observe that the 
Exhibition will be held on November 12th and 13.h. Mr. Ernest Wilkins 
is the Hon. Secretary. 
- Rose Growing.— A correspondent writes:—“If < J. W. M.’ 
would feel disposed to join me in a small venture in Rose culture in the 
south of France, which I am about to undertake, 1 should he very pleased 
to hear from him on the subject.” We are at liberty to send the address 
of our correspondent to “ J. W. M.,” if he desires it. 
—— A Lincolnshire correspondent, who says he has grown 
Carter’s Champion Black Currant “ever since it came into exist¬ 
ence,” would like to have the opinion of those who cultivate it as tj its 
value. He has “ not been able to secure bunches of fruit from it as 
large as Grapes, nor does he consider it surpasses Lee’s Prolific for size 
and flavour.’ ’ 
- A correspondent states that there is now in the Folkestone 
Exhibition a magnificent specimen of a Lilium AURATUM, the property 
of the Recorder of Folkestone. This plant has forty-five stems and bears 
315 blossoms, each averaging 8J inches in diameter. Its perfume is so 
powerful that it scents the whole nave. This is the nineteenth year it has 
blossomed. 
- A Northern Rose grower says that on the 23rd of last month 
he cut two good blooms of the Tea Rose The Bride from two buds that 
were inserted in the stock on June 8th, 1886. 
- Mr. Eastwood, The Gardens, Muncaster Hall, Rainford, 
alluding to the Variegated Troileolum that Mr. Mitchell refers to in 
last week’s Journal as a distinct variety, writes “ I should be pleased 
if Mr. Mitchell would inform us where any other distinct variety from 
that at Aberaman Gardens is to be procured. I did not take the green 
variety to Aberaman Gardens, but the variegated one which perhaps was 
the parent to Mr. Mitchell’s ‘distinct ’ form. The centre of the leaf of 
my variegated Tropmilum was a pea green with a creamy white broad 
edge, the flowers bright scarlet, and the plant as f.ee-blooming as the 
green variety, but, as I have stated, have not seen it bedded out. Grown 
outdoors it would no doubt be much improved in col .ur and dwarfer in 
gioivth.” 
-The Right Hon. Lord Wimborne has presented to the 
Corporation of the Town of Poole thirty five acres of land, to be laid out 
AUTUMN TREATMENT OF HARDY FRUIT TREES. 
Failure to secure a crop on bush or pyramidal trees of Apples, 
Pears, Plums, and Cherries, as well as from the trees grown upon 
walls, is too frequently attributed either to the unripened state of the 
wood of the previous autumn or to ungenial weather in spring. There 
can be no doubt that spring frosts, when the trees are in full bloom, 
will blight the prospect of a crop of fruit, but failure year after year 
is not due in every instance to the inclemency of the autumn and 
spring. 
Those who are in the habit of visiting gardens, and who know 
how fruit trees should be managed, do not wonder that failure results 
from the imperfect condition of the wood. The weather of autumn, 
however warm and genial, would be insufficient to perfect the wood 
and fruit buds of many trees. Recently we remarked to the person 
in charge of a number of fruit trees of various kinds and modes of 
training, “ You appear to have no Pears this year.” “ No,” was the 
rejoinder, “ the autumn being so bad the wood was poorly ripened.” 
Last autumn was very much better than we generally have in this 
neighbourhood, and the fruit buds of our own trees could not possibly 
have been in better condition, the result being a heavier crop of Pears 
than we have had for some seasons. 
One of the greatest mistakes in the management of hardy fruit 
trees, whether grown as bushes, pyramids, or trained upon walls, is. 
crowding the trees with branches. Trees can be found that it is 
impossible to see through, and they are totally destitute of fruiting- 
wood and buds inside, and even outside the tree they are a crowded 
mass of weak imperfectly developed spurs. With such trees symme¬ 
try of form appears to be the main object of the cultivator rather than 
the crop of fruit. Such trees resemble perfect pyramidal Hollies 
rather than fruit trees for the production of a crop of fine fruit 
annually or whenever the weather proves favourable in spring until 
the blossoms are set. Crowded trees have never perfect fruit buds, 
and the flowers they develope are in consequence imperfect and will 
fail to set properly however genial the weather may be. It must also 
be remembered that such trees are cut back hard in winter, which 
adds to the evil rather than averts it. It is possible that I may be 
pointed to standard or pyramidal Pears or other fruit trees that 
become crowded and yet fruit abundantly all round the exterior of the 
tree. This i9 very true, but these trees are not mutilated every 
winter and compelled by such barbarous treatment to push forth 
strong robust shoots that can never be properly ripened. The ground 
they are growing on has become less fertile in many cases than that 
surrounding young or miniature trees—of these I am principally 
writing—in our borders. The growth of trees that are treated 
naturally is short and sturdy ; in fact, it is arrested early in the 
season, and perfectly developed fruit buds are the result. 
There are other methods of training pyramidal and bush trees that 
are perfect as regards form, which may appear in winter grand 
examples of manipulation, and the branches may seem to be suffi¬ 
ciently far asunder ; but in summer when the foliage is developed 
and lateral growths issue from the tree in various places along the 
branches they become too crowded, and the majority of the fruit 
buls are never exposed to sufficient light and air to solidify and 
mature them for the production of perfect flowers, which would result 
in a good crop of fruit, providing the weather were genial ; but the 
condition of such trees to the practical eye is sufficient to convince 
even in the previous summer that failure as regards a crop of fruit the. 
following season is certain to result. 
The branches of such fruit trees that have been enumerated 
should be far enough apart to admit light and air to the whole of the 
foliage and fruit spurs in the inside of the tree. It is not sufficient 
to leave them a few inches apart to give room for the leaves thai 
surround the fruit buds in formation, but they must be wide enough 
to allow light and air in abundance to penetrate even when the lateral 
growths have been pinched to about 4 inches in length, say about 
midsummer. AH may not be ready for pinching by that date ; for 
instance, this will be the case with Apples, but Pears, Plums, and 
Cherries will be readv as well as the majority of small bush fruits. 
I should be afraid to speculate on the distance the main branches 
