November 18, 1886. ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
451 
•or charcoal, excavate holes extending 2J feet on either side the mark on 
the wall, 5 feet therefrom and 4 feet deep, the outline of the hole par¬ 
taking of the form of a half circle. Into the bottom of each hole put 
$ inches thick of brickbats, stones, or clinkers, and over these a suffi¬ 
cient thickness of coarse gravel should be laid to fill in the chinks, and 
following this a layer of turf grass side down to secure good drainage ; 
but should water be likely at any time to rise nearer to the surface than 
4 feet it will, of course, be necessary to reduce the depth of the hole to 
such an extent as will prevent the possibility of the roots of the trees 
being at any time submerged—a circumstance which would be injurious 
to their well-being. The holes having been made ready for the reception 
of the soil, the latter—assuming that the character of the natural soil is 
■not such as is calculated to promote and afterwards sustain satisfactory 
growth in the trees—consisting of three parts calcareous loam and one of 
old lime rubble and wood ashes, well mixed, should be placed into the holes 
in a moderately dry state, so that it may not adhere to the feet in tread¬ 
ing on it. In planting the trees make due allowance for the soil sub¬ 
siding 5 or 6 inches within as many weeks from the time of planting. 
Having placed the individual trees in position, spread the roots out in 
•every direction, with a slight inclination downwards, shortening back at 
the same time any straggling roots, and cutting clean away with a sharp 
knife any portion of the same that may have sustained injury in the 
process of lifting; and with the object of encouraging the emission of 
young feeders, make a series of incisions along the principal roots previous 
to covering the lat'er with 6 inches thick of the compost indicated, and 
before treading the latter gently over, take hold of the tree by the stem 
and give it a few good shakes in an upward direction, so as to allow of 
the soil mixing among the roots. This done, lay on 3 or 4 inches thick 
•of rotten dung as a mulching. This will maintain the roots in a more 
equable condition than could otherwise be secured. Trees thus planted 
should be temporarily secured to the wall with nails and long shreds to 
allow of them sinking with the soil. Trees so planted, providing the 
after treatment be good, cannot fail to yield satisfactory results during 
ordinary seasons. 
TRANSPLANTING HOME-GROWN TREES. 
In most large gardens young trees are, where space admits of its 
being done, grown on for a year or two between the permanent trees or 
■elsewhere for to take the place of any trees indicating exhaustion through 
age or other cause. Where this is the case, the tree3 should be lifted 
carefully with as much soil adhering to the roots as possible. To do this 
a trench should be opened at about 18 inches from the stem of the tree 
to be lifted (from 2 to 3 feet will be none too much for trees which have 
been in their present position four or five years), working the soil from 
under and around the ball of earth and roots with a five-tined fork until 
the tree can be lifted bodily by two or three men, while a third man 
places a mat underneath and secures it to the stem, the better to enable 
the tree to be removed and transplanted with the soil adhering to the 
roots, the obvious object being to prevent the tree from experiencing 
only as little check as possible in the process of betng transplanted, and 
also to get the tree re established in its new quarters before they shed 
their leaves. This desirable object cannot be obtained with trees had 
from a nurseryman, inasmuch as they are not lifted for transportation to 
customers until the fall of the leaf. In due time I purpose making a few 
remarks on the pruning and training of the trees. — W. W. Ward, 
LongforcL Castle Gardens, Salisbury. 
CHRYSANTHEMUM SHOWS. 
SOUTHAMPTON. —November 9th and 10th. 
The annual Exhibition of this Society was held, as usual, in the Skating 
Rink, a place particu'arly well adapted for such an Exhibition, and so 
numerous were the exhibits that the place, large as it is, was taxed to its 
utmost capacity. The Show was, as usual, remarkable for the excellence of 
the produce; particularly does this apply to the fruit classes, a great number 
of Apples and Pears being staged. In the three classes devoted to the former 
fruit forty-three competitors staged, in all numbering 144 dishes of six fruits 
etch. Pears, too, were shown in large numbers and of great size. Grapes 
formed quite a feature m themselves. Cut blooms of Chrysanthemums were 
numerous and of excellent quality in the winning stands, while some of the 
others showed a slight roughness consequent upon an unfavourable season. 
Specimen plants were of excellent quality, indeed it would be difficult to find 
better anywhere. Groups of Chrysanthemums and miscellaneous plants 
were very meritorious; the same may be said of the vegetables generally. 
The Committee, with Captain Gibbs as Chairman, and the able Secretary, 
Mr. C. S. Fuidge, conducted the arrangements in a most satisfactory 
manner. 
For the best collection of Chrysanthemums grown in pots and arranged 
in a space 8 feet by 5 feet, Mr. J. Allen, gardener to J. Bailey, Esq., Elm- 
field Hill, Southampton, was easily first, his plants carrying blooms of the 
best character, both Japanese and incurved, and being tastefully arranged 
made an imposing display. Mr. Busby, gardener to F. Willan, Esq., Thorn¬ 
hill Park, Bitterne, was second, and Mr. E. Wills, gardener to Mrs. Pears, 
Bassett, Southampton, third, both showing capital groups. For six plants 
incurved or reflexed, distinct, Mr. W. Joy, nurseryman, Shirley, Southamp¬ 
ton, was first with grand specimens, 5 to 6 feet in diameter, and carrying a 
large number of blooms of excellent quality ; second Mr. Wills with most 
meritorious plants. Mr. Joy was again successful for the same number of 
Japanese plants, which showed the same high character as was noticeable 
in the former class ; his best plants were Bouquet Fait, 150 blooms ; Peter 
the Great and Madame Bertie Rendatler being alike fine. Mr. Wills was 
an excellent second. The best single specimen Japanese was staged by Mr. 
W. Joy, and was a graud plant of Lady Selborne freely flowered, followed 
by Mr. Wills with Hiver Fleuri, also in capital condition. Mr. Busby was third. 
Mr. Joy was again first with Mrs. Dixon, 6 feet across, and freely flowered 
For the best incurved or reflexed specimen, Mr. Wills relied upon Dr. Sharpe 
as his best, which was of large size, but the blooms were pale in colour 
although numerously disposed over the plant. 
For twenty-four cut blooms, sixteen incurved or reflexed and eight 
Japanese, there were six competitors, all staging creditably. Mr. Wild- 
smith, gardener to Lord Eversley, Heckfield, Winchfield, was placed 
first. His incurved specimens were large, solid, and of capital finish, 
while the Japanese were bright and full, the best of which being 
Madame Liing, Mdme. C. Audiguier, and Maiden’s Blush, while Golden 
Empress, Queen of England, Jeanne d’Arc, Princess of Wales (very fine), 
Princess Teck, and Emily Dale were the best of the incurved flowers. Mr. 
Wills was a close second, his Japonaise, Val d’Andorre, M. Burnet, Mrs. W. 
Shipman, Barbara, and Hero of Stoke Newington being capital in quality. 
Mr. Neville, gardener to F. W. Flight, Esq., was placed third, his incurved 
loeing smaller, though very neat. Among his Japanese was the new 
variety Mrs. J. Wright, which received a certificate the previous week at 
the Crystal Palace Show, and was also honoured on this occasion. For 
twenty-four blooms, not less than eighteen varieties, Mr. J. Allen was 
pi iced first with large blooms. Some of the incurved were a trifle coarse, 
the best being Lord Alcester, Hero of Stoke Newington, and Queen of 
England, while J. Delaux and Japonaise were his best in the Japanese 
section. Mr. H. W. Ward, gardener to the Earl of Radnor, Longfora Castle, 
Salisbury, was second, his best being Queen of England, Golden Empress, 
and M. Burnet. Mr. Wills was third. Mr. Wildsmith repeated his previous 
success by taking first honours for twelve incurved blooms with an excel¬ 
lent stand, clean and fresh. Messrs. Allen, Wills, and Ward secured the 
remaining prizes in the order named. Mr. Ward secured first honours for 
twelve blooms of Japanese, with capita! examples of Triomphe de la Rue des 
Chalets, M. Burnet, and Val d’Andorre; Mr. Allen second; third Mr. 
Wildsmith, and fourth Mr. Wills. Twelve competitors in this class. For 
twelve blooms, Anemone flowered, distinct, Mr. Penford, gardener to Sir 
F. Fitzwygram, Bart., Leigh Park, Havant, who put up large specimens of 
Lady Margaret, Empress, and Mdme. Berthie Pigny ; second Mr. Neville, 
third Mr. Wills, f jurth Mr. Ward. The competition for twelve blooms of re¬ 
flexed was keen, and very fine were the specimens staged in all the stands, 
King of more particularly those in the first stand of Mr. J. Allen, who bad 
Crimsons, Golden Christine, Cloth of Gold, in grand order of merit; Mr. 
Wildsmith was second, his Cullingfordi and Phidias being fine ; Mr. Ward 
was third, and Mr. Wills fourth. 
Pompons were extremely fine from Mr. Neville, who easily secured first 
honours ; Mr. Wills was second ; Mr. H. Guillaume, an amateur, third. A 
maiden first prize class for twelve blooms in eight varieties, was won by 
Mr. C. Warden, gardener to Sir F. Bathurst, Clarendon Park, Salisbury. 
Second, Mr. R. West, gardener to J. R. Wigram, Esq., Northlands,"Salisbury. 
Amateurs’ cut blooms were well represented by Mr. R. Carter, St. Denys. 
Miscellaneous classes were devoted to Orchids, table plants, Primulas, 
and Cyclamens. For the fornisr Mr. T. Osborne, gardener to J. Buchan, Esq., 
Wilton House, Southampton, was first with an effective group, composed 
of choice specimens, such as Oncidium divaricatum, Cattleya maxima, 
Vanda coerulea, Calanthe vestita oculata, andDendrobium formosum ; while 
Mr. Molyneux was placed first for nine table plants ; Mr. Reynolds, gardener 
to Col. The Hon. H. Crichton, being second. For Cyclamens Mr. Budd, 
gardener to J. P.Dalgety, Esq., Lockesby Hall, Romsey, was first. A box con¬ 
taining a dozen varieties of single Chrysanthemums, staged in bunches, 
was set up not for competition ” by Mr. E. Molyneux, girdener to W. H. 
Myers, E3q., Swanmore Park, Bishop’s Waltham, which were much 
admired. 
Fruit. —For three distinct varieties of Grapes, one bunch each, eight 
collections were staged. Mr. T. Hall, gardener ti Captain Davidson, South 
Stoneham House, Southampton, was first, staging Alicante, fine in bunch, 
berry, and colour; Gros Guillaume, small in berry, but of excellent finish ; 
and a fine bunch of Muscat of Alexandria, perfect in form, with just the 
sUght“8t trace of green at the point. Mr. Molyneux followed closely with 
Gros Guillaume, 5 to 6 lbs. weight, fine berries and colour, Alicante and 
Trebbiano, in good condition. Third, Mr. C. Warden, having good Muscat of 
Alexandria as bis best. Mr. Molyneux led the way with three bunches of 
black Grapes, staging Gros Guillaume, each bunch weighing from 5 lbs. to 
6 lbs., fine in berry and colour. Mr. Hall followed with Alicante, faultless 
in appearance. Third, Mr. Ward, with Mrs. Pince. Mr. J. Chalk, gardener 
to G. Read, Esq., Westwood, Wilton Road, Salisbury, staged the best three 
bunches of white Grapes, grand examples of Muscat of Alexandria, large 
in bunch and berry, and beautifully coloured. Mr. Budd was s cond, and 
Mr. Ward third, both staging the same variety in good condition. For two 
bunches white Grapes Mr. Penford was first with Muscat of Alexandria. 
Third, Mr. Harris, gardener to G. M. Mordaunt, Esq., Bitterne. Mr. 
Penford was also first for the same number of black bunches with Alicante 
in fine condition. Second, Mr. Warden. Third, Mr. J. Allen. Fourth, 
heaviest bunch of any kind of Grape Mr. Ward was first with Gros 
Guillaume, 8 lbs. Mr. Molyneux followed with the same vari ty, w -ighing 
1 oz. less. Mr. Wildsmith was first for one Pine, followed by Mr. Richards, 
gardener to the Earl of Normanton, Somerley, Ringwood. For four dishes 
of Apples, distinct kinds, four fruits of each, Mr. T. Hall took fir. t 
honours with fine samples of Blenheim Pippin, Wellington Pippin, 
Small’s Admirable, and Bedfordshire Foundling. Second prize to Mr. 
W. G. Pragnell, gardener to J D. W. Digby, Esq., Sherborne Castle, D rset, 
with Peasgood’s Nonesuch, and Lady Henniker as his best. Third, Mr. 
W. Sanders, gardener to J. East, Esq., Longstock House, Stockbridge. 
For three dishes of dessert Apples there were eleven entries ; Mr. S. Chapman, 
gardener to Colonel Knatchbull, was first, Ribston Pippin, and King of 
Pippins being best; Mr. Wildsmith was second; Mr. Fiford, Rownhams, was 
third. For three dishes of kitchen Apples Mr. Hall was again first; second 
Mr. G. Linder, gardener to Sir Henry Mildmay, Dogmersfield, Winchfield ; 
third, Mr. Pragnell. For four dishes of Pears, six fruits each, first Mr. tv. 
Sanders, General Todtleben and Pitmaston Duchess being best; second Mr. 
A. W. Rooke, gardener to W. Gascoigne Roy, Esq., Byam*, Marchwood, 
third, Mr. Linder. Vegetables were numerously and well staged. For t.ie 
best collection of eight varieties Mr. Sanders was first, having Suttons’ 
Prizetaker Leek, Carter’s Perfection Tomato, Reading Russet Potato as his 
, best; second Mr. Pragnell, who had extra good Leeks, and Green G1 >be 
