November 18, 1886. ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER , 
465 
Park, Van Mons L5on Leclerc, Glon Morceau, Pitmaston Duchess, 
Doyennd du Comice, General Todleben, Durondeau, Marie Louise d’Ucclp, 
Beurrd Bachelier, Beur e d’Anjou, Beurrd d’Aremberg, Winter Nelis, Jose¬ 
phine de Malines, Marie Benois - , Napoleon, Nouvelle Fnlvie, and Beurre 
Ranee may be chosen. They are named in the order of their ripening. 
Cordons should be on the Quince stock, but all kinds do not succeed on 
that stock, and such are double grafted, an extra charge being made for 
them by the nurserymen. 
Pruning Filberts (W. J. B .).—February is a good time for this, as 
then the blossoms are usually apparent. The fruit is produced principally 
on the former year’s wood, and generally from compact side shoots, the pro¬ 
duce of leaders of a short-jointed and mature appearance. Such lateral 
fruit-bearing branches may be inducod in greater abundance by shortening 
back strong shoots of this character. Thinning out. however, is one of the 
principal matters; for, unless this be duly attended to, the bush will become 
crowded with worse than useless spray ; it will also obstruct the light from 
the bearing portions as well as hinder the circulation of air. A great deal 
of small spray will be produced on the inner portions of the branches ; and 
this, although of the character of bearing wood, is generally unfruitful, and 
must therefore be mostly pruned away. Anyone who observes the habit of 
the Nut closely will soon perceive that the shrubs are most disposed to bear 
at the extremities of the branches, thus evincing their partiality to plenty 
of light and air. These, then, are the portions of the tree where the eye 
must be directed as to fruit-bearing properties. The leaders, however, must 
not be encouraged so thickly as to cross each other; and, in order to pre¬ 
vent the lower portion of the head from becoming naked, a good strong 
well-placed shoot may be occasionally encouraged, heading it back in due 
time, in order to keep it producing side branches. After duly thinning 
away superfluous shoots the principal leaders should be all shortened. As 
a general rule, we should say, remove about a quarter of the length ; this 
will cause the tree to produce abundance of side spray, from which in the 
future spring the fruiting shoots may be selected. 
Uvedale's St. Germain Pear (C. M.). —The following particulars con¬ 
cerning the history of this Pear are given in “The Fruit Manual:”— 
“ This appears to be an English Pear, and to have been raised by Dr. 
Uvedale, who was a scboolmisrer, and lived at Eltham, in Kent, in 1690. 
He appears to have removed to Enfield, where he continued his school. 
Miller, in the first edition of his Dictionary, in 1724, speaks of him as Dr. 
Udal, of Enfield, ‘A curious collector and introducer of many rare exoticks, 
plants, and flowers.’ Bradley, in 1733, speaks of the Pear as ‘ Dr. Udale's 
great Pear, called by some the Union Pear, whose fruit is about that length 
one may allow 8 inches.’ I have ascertained by the old books of the 
Brompton Park Nursery that it was grown there in 1752, under the name 
of ‘Udale’s St. Jarmaine.’ Although doubts have been expressed by some 
pomologists on the subject, I am quite satisfied that this is Belle Ange- 
vine of the French; any pers n who has seen the two fruits could have 
no doubt on the subject. But in M. Leroy’s Dictionary he makes it a 
synonyme of Tonneau, a fruit to which it has no resemblance. One of 
the reasons given in the ‘ Dictionnaire de Pomologie ’ for supposing it is 
distinct from Belle Anvevine is, because in a French edition of ‘ Miller’s 
Gardener’s Dictionary,’ Uvedale’s St. Germain is described as ‘ rond et verte 
foned,’ but in all the English editions it is correctly described as ‘ a very 
large long Pear, of deep green colour.’ The trouble M. Leroy has taken to 
investigate the history of this Pear is very considerable, and he has de¬ 
voted a good deal of atten'ion to the subject He tells us that it received 
the name of Belle Angevine from M. Audusson, a nurseryman at Angers, 
who received it from the Garden of the Luxembourg, under the name of 
Inconnue a Compote, in 1821. Beyond this M. Leroy cannot trace it. It 
is very probable that by some means it was transported from England 
to Paris, for it had already, before that time, been grown in our gardens 
for upwards of a century.” 
Names of Fruits.—The names and addresses of senders of fruit to be named 
must in all cases be enclosed with the specimens, whether letters referring 
to the fruit are sent by post or not. The names are not necessarily required 
for publication, initials sufficing for that. Only six specimens can be 
named at once, and surplus fruits beyond that number cannot be preserved. 
{J. B.). —1, Cornish Gilliflower; 2, Franklin’s Golden Pippin ; 3, Hanwell 
Souring; 4, Small’s Admirable ; 5. Bmrrd d’Amanlis; 6, Moccas. (W. H. 
Ashioin ).—Large Apple, Kentish Fillbasket. Smaller, Hollandbury. Pear, 
not known. (TV. K.). —No. 1 is perfectly rotten ; 2, Blenheim Pippin. 
(G. S., Kent). —1, Colmar d’Aremb'erg; 3, Nouveau Poiteau ; 4. Beurrb 
Diel; 5, Beurre Capiaumont; 6, Nouveau Poiteau. ( W. Jones, Birkenhead). 
—1, Gil-o-gil; 2, Dumelow’s Seedling; 3, Duchesse d’Angou'eme; 4, 
Gansel’s Bergamot; 5, Brown Beurre; 6, Red Doyenne. (A. Dunkley). — 
3, Herefordshire Pearmain. All the others had lost their number from 
being packed so loosely, the large red one is Cox’s Pomona, and the two 
small ones are Fearn’s Pippin. (A Constant Reader) —1, Uvedale’s St. 
Germain ; 2, Easter Beurre; 3, Hacons Incomparable ; 4, Cobham. (A. B.). 
—1, Lewis; 2, Colmar; 3, Napoleon; 4, Beurre d’Aremberg; Apple not 
known. (G. Mildon). —l,Cati)lac; 2, Gansel’s Bergamot; 3, Comtesse de 
Flandres ; 4, Beurrb Superfin ; 5, M Tie Louise ; 6, Beurrd Louise ; 6, Beurrd 
Bose; Apple Ribston Pippin. (W. F. G. G.).—1, Gravenstein; 2, Lewis’ In¬ 
comparable ; 3, Fearn’s Pippin; 4, Eyewood; 5, not known; 6, Yicar of 
Winkfield. (A r . H. P.).—Brown Beurre. 
Names of Plants.—We only undertake to name species of plants, not 
varieties that have originated from seed and termed florists’ flowers. 
Flowering specimens are necessary of flowering plants, and Fern fronds 
should bear spores. Specimens should arrive in a fresh state in firm 
boxes. Slightly damp mo3s or soft green leaves form the best packing, dry 
cotton wool the worst. Not more than six specimens can be named at once. 
W. K.). —1, Nertera depressa ; 2, Monocbastum Humboldtianum. 
COVENT GARDEN MARKET. —November 17th. 
Large supplies of St. Michael’s Pines to han^, causing home-grown 
fruit to be much depressed. Grapes still in heavy supply, consisting mainly 
of such late sorts as Gros Colman, Alicantes, and Lady Downe’s. Business 
quiet, 
FRUIT. 
3. 
d 
8. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
9. 
d 
Apples .. .. 
l 
6 
to 4 
0 
Melon. 
0 
0 to 0 
0 
i» Nova Scotia and 
Oranges .. 
6 
0 
13 
0 
Canada 
,per barrel 12 
0 
21 
0 
Peaohes . 
. perdoz. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Cherries .. .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Pears. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Cobs .. .. 
60 
0 
70 
0 
Pine Apples English., tb. 
1 
6 
g 
0 
Figs . 
. dozen 
0 
6 
0 
9 
Plums. 
. 4 sieve 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Grices. 
0 
6 
3 
9 
St. Michael Pine3 
. .each 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Lemons. 
0 
15 
0 
Strawberries .. 
. per lb. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
VEGETABLES. 
8. 
d. 
9. 
d 
fl. 
d. 
8 
d 
Artichokes 
.. dozen 
l 
0 to 0 
0 
Lettuce .. .. 
1 
0 to 1 
6 
Asparagus 
.. bundle 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Mushrooms 
.. uunnet 
0 
6 
i 
0 
Beans, Kidney 
per bushel 
2 
0 
3 
0 
Mustard and Cress punnet 
0 
3 
0 
0 
Beet, Red 
.. dozen 
i 
0 
3 
0 
Ouions .. .. 
0 
3 
0 
0 
Broccoli .. .. 
.. bundle 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Parsley .. dozen bunches 
2 
0 
3 
0 
Brussels Sprouts 
.. J sieve 
1 
6 
a 
0 
Parsnips.. .. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Cabbage .. .. 
1 
6 
0 
0 
Potatoes.. .. 
4 
0 
5 
0 
Capsicums 
.. 100 
I 
6 
3 
0 
,, Kidney 
.. cwt. 
4 
e 
5 
0 
Carrots .. ,. 
0 
4 
0 
0 
Khubarb .. 
0 
3 
0 
6 
Cauliflowers .. 
.. dozen 
3 
0 
4 
0 
Salsafy .. .. 
1 
0 
1 
0 
Celery .. .. 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Scorzonera .. 
.. bundle 
1 
6 
0 
0 
Coleworts doz. bunches 
a 
0 
4 
0 
Soakale .. .. 
per basket 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Cucumbers .. 
.. each 
0 
3 
0 
4 
Shallots .. .. 
0 
3 
0 
6 
Endive .. .. 
i 
0 
2 
0 
Spinach .. .. 
8 
0 
4 
4 
Heros .. .. 
0 
a 
0 
0 
Tomatoes .. 
0 
2 
0 
6 
Leeks .. .. 
0 
8 
0 
4 
Turnips ., .. 
bunch 
0 
4 
0 
0 
PLANTS IN POTS. 
8. 
a. 
s. 
a. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
dO 
Aralia Sieboldi .. dozen 
9 
0 to 18 
0 
Ficus elastica 
.. each 
i 
6 to 
7 
0 
Arbor vitm (golden) dozen 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Fuchsia 
per dozen 
0 
0 
0 
0 
„ (common) dozen 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Foliage Plants, var. each 
2 
0 
10 
0 
Asters .. .. per dozen 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Heliotrope 
por dozen 
0 
9 
0 
0 
BeddiDg Plants, var. doz. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Hydrangea .. 
per dozen 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Begonias .. .. dozen 
4 
0 
9 
0 
Ivy Geraniums 
per dozen 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Chrysanthemum .. dozen 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Lilium auratum 
per doz. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Cockscombs per dozen 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Lobelias .. .. 
per dozen 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Cyperus.dozen 
4 
0 
12 
0 
Marguerite Daisy dozen 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Dractena terminalis, dozen 30 
0 
60 
0 
Mignonette .. 
per dozen 
3 
0 
6 
0 
viridis .. dozen 12 
0 
24 
0 
Musk .. .. 
per dozea 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Erica, various .. dozen 
9 
0 
12 
0 
Myrtles .. .. 
6 
0 
12 
0 
„ hyemalis per dozen 12 
0 
24 
0 
Palms, in var. 
.. each 
2 
6 
21 
0 
„ gracilis per dozen 
9 
0 
13 
0 
Pelargoniums, scarlet, doz. 
3 
0 
6 
0 
Euonymus, in var. dozen 
6 
0 
18 
0 
Pelargoniums 
per dozen 
0 
0 
0 
Evergreens, in var. dozen 
6 
0 
24 
0 
Primula sisensis 
per doz. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Ferns, in variety .. dozen 
4 
0 
18 
0 
Solanums 
per doz. 
9 
0 
12 
0 
CUT 
FLOWERS. 
s. 
a. 
s. 
a. 
s. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
Abntiions .. 12 bunches 
8 
0 to 4 
0 
Lily of the Valley, 12 sprays 
0 
0 to 0 
0 
Arum Lilies .. 12 blooms 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Marguerites .. 
12 bunches 
2 
0 
6 
0 
Asters .. .. 12 bunches 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Mignonette .. 
12 bunches 
1 
0 
3 
0 
Azalea .. .. 12 sprays 
1 
0 
1 
6 
Nareiss. Paper-white, bunch 
0 
4 
0 
0 
Bouvardias .. per bunch 
0 
6 
X 
0 
„ White English, bunch 
1 
3 
1 
6 
Camellias .. 12 blooms 
3 
0 
4 
0 
Pelargoniums, per 12 trusses 
0 
9 
X 
6 
Carnations .. 12 blooms 
1 
0 
8 
0 
„ scarlet, 12 trusses 
0 
4 
0 
0 
„ .. 12 bunches 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Roses 
12 bunches 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Chrysanthemums 12 bches. 
2 
0 
6 
0 
„ (indoor), 
per dozen 
0 
6 
2 
0 
„ 12 blooms 
Cornflower .. 12 bunches 
0 
6 
3 
0 
„ Tea.. .. 
0 
9 
3 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
,, red 
.. dozen 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Dahlias .. 12 bunches 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Parme Violets (French) 
4 
0 
5 
9 
Epiphyllum.. doz.blooms 
0 
6 
0 
0 
Primula (single) 
per bunch 
0 
6 
0 
0 
Eucharis .. per dozen 
8 
0 
6 
0 
„ (double) 
per bunch 
0 
9 
1 
0 
Gardenias .. 12 blooms 
3 
0 
5 
0 
Py rethrum .. 
12 bunches 
3 
0 
6 
0 
Gladioli .. 12 bunches 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Stephanotis ,. 
12 sprays 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Hyacinths, Roman, 12 sprays 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Stocks, various 
12 bunches 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Lapageria, white, 12 blooms 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Tropseolum .. 
12 bunches 
i 
6 
2 
0 
Lapageria, red . 12 blooms 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Tuberoses 
12 blooms 
0 
6 
1 
0 
,, lougiflorum, 12 blms. 
6 
0 
8 
0 
Violets .. .. 
12 bunches 
1 
0 
i 
6 
Lilac (white), French, bunch 
6 
0 
8 
0 
„ Czar, French, per bunch 
1 
3 
i 
9 
DAIRY COWS. 
Since writing our last paper we have had to inspect the 
farmhouse and outbuildings of one of our tenants. The cow 
sheds were sufficiently snug and commodious, but the yard 
was not well littered, and there was much foul litter in it. 
When we came to the dairy some pats of butter were handed 
to us with the remark, “ We are rather proud of our butter.” 
The dairywoman had doubtless done her best, and the butter 
was of a rich colour and attractive appearance, but it had 
an offensive odour that told us unmistakeably it was not 
good. We must be careful here to explain that nothing 
wrong was perceptible about the butter till we held it up and 
smelt it closely : then, and not till then, did we detect that 
faint subtle taint which so unmistakeably tells us that from 
some cause or other the butter will prove offensive to the 
palate of a connoisseur. This simple process of testing 
butter by the sense of smelling tells us at once if it will prove 
acrid to the palate or not. If it does so the fault may arise 
