November 25, 1886. ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
469 
SHOW DAHLIAS. 
a . 
’■* X 
a f. 
o 
CO £ 
Average Dumber 
of times showD. 
Name. 
Date. 
Raiser's 
N^me. 
Colour. 
t 
32-0 
Mrs. Gladstone. 
1884 
Hurst. 
Pale b'ush. 
2 
21-7 
Hon. Mrs. P. Windham 
1881 
Keynes & Co... 
Yellow and rose. 
3 
20 0 
Henry Wa ton . 
1873 
Keynes. 
Yellow and tcarlet. 
3 
20-0 
James Cocker. 
1871 
Keynes. 
Purple. 
4 
17 2 
Goldtinder. 
1881 
Feilowe8. 
Yellow and red. 
6 
16 0 
William Rawlings. 
1881 
Rawlings. 
Crimson purple. 
5 
16 0 
Mr?. Harris. 
1873 
Harris. 
White and lilac. 
5 
16-0 
Mrs. Lmgtry. 
1885 
Keynes & Co... 
Cream and crimson. 
6 
150 
Prince of Denmark ... 
1881 
Fellowes. 
Dark maroon. 
7 
14-7 
Ethel Britton. 
1880 
Keynes & Co... 
White and purple. 
7 
147 
Joseph Ashby . 
1879 
Turner. 
Shaded orange. 
8 
140 
Prince Bismarck. 
1879 
Fellowes. 
Puce. 
9 
13-5 
James Vick . 
1881 
Keynes & Co... 
Purplish maroon. 
9 
13-5 
Shirk y Hibbcrd. 
1881 
Rawlings .... 
Dark crimson. 
10 
130 
Vice-President . 
1868 
Keynes. 
Orange. 
n 
11-2 
Burgundy . 
1877 
Turner. 
Dark puc’. 
n 
11-2 
Flng of Truce . 
1»GS 
Wheeler. 
White and lilac. 
n 
11-2 
Mrs Dodds. 
1881 
Key nes & f'o... 
Blush and lilac. 
12 
10 6 
Imperial. 
1883 
Keynes & Co... 
Purp e shaded lilac. 
13 
10-0 
George Rawlings. 
1882 
Rawlings. 
Dark maroon. 
14 
9 6 
Harrison Weir . 
1883 
Rawiings. 
Yellow. 
15 
9-5 
John N. Keynes . 
1871 
Keynes. 
Yellow. 
16 
9 2 
John W. Lord .... 
1877 
Keyne3. 
Orange buff. 
17 
9 0 
Clara . 
1879 
Rawlings .... 
Rosy peach. 
18 
8*5 
John Bennett. 
1375 
Rawlings .... 
Ytllow and soarlet. 
19 
8-2 
Julia Wyatt . 
1869 
Keynes. 
Creamy white 
19 
8-2 
Mr. Karris. 
1-581 
19 
8-2 
Mrs. Shirley Hiober.l .. 
1877 
Rawlings. 
Cream and pink. 
20 
8 0 
Royal Qaeen. 
1875 
Eckford . 
Cream and crimson. 
21 
7-2 
Constancy . 
1878 
H arris. 
Yellow and lake. 
21 
7-2 
James Service . 
1878 
Kevnes. 
Dark cr.mson. 
21 
7-2 
Thomas Goodwin. 
1878 
Goodwin . 
Dark marcon. 
22 
7-0 
J tmes Stephen. 
1381 
Keynes & Co... 
‘ “range scarlet. 
22 
7*0 
John Wyatt . 
1877 
Keynes. 
Crimson scarltt. 
22 
7 0 
Mrs. F. Foreman . 
1884 
Keynes & Co... 
Lilac. 
22 
7-0 
Lord Chtlmsford .. 
-880 
Keynes & Co. .. 
Maroon. 
2 2 
7-0 
Ond. 
1874 
23 
6 7 
Miss Cannell. 
1881 
Eckford . 
Cream and crimson. 
23 
6*7 
Rlv. J. Good ?ay . 
1879 
Rawlings .... 
Maroon shaded purple. 
24 
6'5 
Earl of Ravensworth .. 
1883 
Harkne3s & Son 
Lilac. 
21 
6-5 
Sunbeam. 
1881 
Buff. 
24 
6 5 
Wwlter H. Williams ... 
1881 
Keyaes & Co... 
B ight > c r'.et. 
25 
6 2 
Emily Edwards .... 
1879 
Keynes. 
Blush white. 
26 
6 2 
Herbert Turner. 
.873 
Turner. 
French white. 
27 
6-2 
H. W. Ward . 
1831 
Keynes & Co .. 
Yellow and crimson. 
28 
6*0 
Alexander Cramond... 
187 1 
Keynes. 
Shaded maroon. 
28 
6 0 
John Stanlish . 
1872 
Turner. 
Crimson. 
55 
Chimpion Rollo .... 
1831 
Key nes & Co... 
Orauge. 
*9 
5'5 
Criterion. 
30 
50 
Atthur Blick. 
1834 
Rawlings. 
Crimson. 
1 
FANCY" DAHLIAS. 
d . 
■ H V. 
g * 
•2 ^ 
u . 
11 
2.3 
> 
«Ji o 
Name. 
Date 
Ra ; ser’s 
Name. 
Colour. 
i 
18-2 
Gaiety. 
1879 
Keynes. 
Yellow, red, and white. 
2 
170 
Mrs. Bauuders . 
»87*2 
Turner . 
3 
13 0 
Rev. J. B. V. Camm .. 
1873 
Key nes. 
Yellow and red. 
4 
12 7 
Funny Stuit . 
1868 
Pope. 
Red and white. 
5 
122 
Cli irister. 
1881 
Keynes & Co... 
Pawn and crimson. 
6 
11*0 
Flora Wvatt . 
1871 
Keynes. 
Orange and red. 
7 
10-0 
George Barnes . 
1878 
Key nes. 
Lilac Rnd crimson. 
H 
9*7 
Joba Forbes . 
1882 
Keynes & Co... 
Maroon. 
9 
9*5 
Professor Fawcett. 
1881 
Keynes & Co... 
Lilac and brown. 
10 
9 2 
Henry Glasscock. 
1875 
Keynes. 
Buff and crimsoD. 
10 
9 2 
Mrs. N. Halls. 
1881 
Rawlings . 
Scirlet and white. 
11 
9 0 
Hugh Au tin . 
1881 
Keynes & Co. .. 
Orange and red. 
11 
9-0 
Miss Browning . 
1880 
Kevnes. 
Yellow and white. 
11 
90 
Mi s Lily Large . 
1876 
K-ynes. 
Yellow and crimson. 
11 
9 0 
Peacock . , 
1877 
Turner. 
Maroon and white. 
12 
87 
Hercules . 
1877 
Keynes . 
Yellow aDd crimson. 
13 
8 0 
Lotty Eckford . 
1834 
Eckford . 
White and purple. 
14 
77 
Egyptian Prince . 
1873 
Keynes . 
Orange and red. 
14 
7 7 
•Toon Lamont. 
1H75 
Keynes. 
Marooo and black. 
15 
7*5 
Rebecca . 
18«3 
Keyn»s & Co. .. 
1 ilac and crimson. 
In 
67 
Oracle . 
1877 
17 
6*0 
General Gordon .... 
1885 
Keynes & Ho. .. 
Yellow and scarlet. 
17 
6*0 
Pelicin . 
1886 
Key nes A Co. .. 
White and purple. 
IS 
5*7 
Junes O’Brien. 
1881 
Keynes & Co... 
Yellow and crimson. 
'8 
5 *7 
Jessie McIntosh . 
1880 
Keynes & Co... 
Red and white. 
18 
5*7 
Pol y Sandell . 
1882 
Key n 3s & Co. .. 
Yellow and white. 
19 
20 
5-2 
4-7 
Florence Stark . 
Wizard . 
1879 
1878 
Kp ynes . 
White and pnrple. 
21 
4 5 
Edward Peck . 
1881 
Keynes & Co. .. 
Lilac and maroon. 
22 
b*7 
Maid of Athens . 
1878 
Keynes . 
Maroon, red and white. 
The Dahlias in my own garden, although planted out in good time, 
were this year very late, in coming into flower : in fact, on the day of the 
National I could not have cut a dozen blooms of any kind. Later on 
the flowers were very fine, but sorely infested by earwigs. The usuhl 
inverted flower pots and beanstalks having proved ineffectual, these 
means of destruction were supplemented by a diligent search every night 
with a hand lantern and a jug of boiling water, but even then I was only 
able to retain a very few altogether uninjured blooms. At last the injury 
from these pests became so great that I had to resort to the extreme 
expedient of tying up all the good flowers in muslin bags. With me Mrs. 
Gladstone did not do so well this year as most other varieties, while 
Julia. Wyatt never once yielded a decent bloom. The plants continued 
growing and flowering freely until the 3rd of the present month, when 
they were nearly killed by the six degrees of frost which occurred on 
that night, and yet in the middle of September with 5° of frost they had 
remained altogether uninjured. But then the air and foliage were com¬ 
paratively dry on the Dight during which the first frost took place, whereas 
that which so severely crippled these Dahlias came at a time when the 
leaves were damp with a heavy dew and the air saturated with moisture. 
For some years past 1 have noted down the date on which my Dahlias 
have been entirely destroyed. Taking the last ten years (1877-86), I 
find the average date in the neighbourhood of London to have been 
November 8th, and the extreme dates, October 17th in 1881, and 
November 29th in 1878. The mean minimum temperature registered by 
a thermometer exposed on the surface of the lawn near the plants has 
been 20°, thus indicating 12° of frost, while the least cold which has killed 
them outright has been 8° of frost. This year they succumbed to 12° of 
frost on the 18th of this month, or ten days later than usual. 
My best thanks are due to Mr. T. W. Girdlestone for having again so 
kindly assAted me in taking down the names at the Show, also to Messrs. 
Keynes, Williams & Co., and Messrs. Rawlings Bros, for supplying the 
few dates and raisers’ names necessary to render the tables complete.— 
E. M,, Jierkhaimted. 
WINTER PINE APPLES. 
Pine Apples do not hold the prominent position in British- 
gardens that they occupied twenty years ago, but the fruit is as 
noble as it was then, and good home-grown specimens are still 
appreciated by many persons beyond any fruit. Where gentlemen’s 
gardens have unfortunately been converted into market gardens, as 
many of them have during the last ten years, it was soon discovered 
that Pine-growing would not pay so well as some other crops and 
they were consequently expelled ; but in gardens where the market 
business has not yet become the first consideration, Pines find a 
genial home in many cases, and in such instances winter fruits are 
always most valued, as other fruits are scarce then, and the Pines 
give a decidedly aristocratic appearance to the dessert ; but Queen 
Pines which turn out so well when cut in summer are generally 
black in the centre and always flavourless in winter, and if any are 
being supplied with Queen Pines now and find them only third or 
fourth rate in quality they must not condemn the home-grown 
fruit, as this is natural to the variety. 
There are other sorts, however, that are superb in winter, and 
it is these that should always be grown for use fr_>m November 
until April. Amongst these the Black Jamaica stands high. It is 
not a large-fruiting variety, the produce not weighing, as a rule, 
more than 3 lbs., and the crown is apt to become rather large, but 
the flavour is excellent. Next to this I place the Smooth-leaved 
Cayenne with an average weight of 5 lbs., a compact crown, firm 
flesh, and of a first-rats flavour. It is altogether a good winter 
Pine. The third variety is the Charlotte Rothschild, and it is 
much of the same character as the preceding, only the leaves are 
prickly, and if anything is slightly coarser, but it swells freely 
during the short days, and the flavour is excellent. I find Pines, 
will often swell in summer with little or no bottom heat, but if 
submitted to this condition now they would not move ; and to have 
them large, juicy, and well flavoured the bottom heat must not 
be less than 80°, or exceed 95°. Where hot water cannot be used 
to raise it to the above temperature fermenting material should be 
employed. They do not require so much water now as in summer, 
but with a bottom heat of the kind indicated there is no danger 
of their being over-watered, as it is only when much water is given 
without bottom heat that they become yellow in the foliage and 
suffer.—J. Muir, Margam. 
COMMON FLOWERS FOR CUTTING. 
Michaelmas Daisies. —These are very useful, especially late 
in autumn, and where large quantities of flowers are in constant 
requisition. One of the best is Aster Amellus, which comes into 
flower in early autumn and continues until November. The flowers 
are of a shade which harmonises well with white and yellow, and 
are equally good for vase-filling and table decoration. A. carnosa 
is also a very good sort, of a soft lilac-blue shade, suitable for the 
finer kinds of decoration. Long-stalked heads of this one employed 
as the chief flower in large vases, sufficiently loosely arranged to 
avoid all crowding, with a few Dahlias, Gladiolus, Madame 
Desgranges Chrysanthemums, and a spike or two of Hyacinthus 
candicans, makes a massive and charming arrangement. A. versi¬ 
color is also one of the best, and moderately early. A. ericoides is 
