November 25, 1886. ] 
JJURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
487 
is Dr. Hogg. Oar choice is Alexander, as we have proved it longest, finding 
it juicy and brisk in flavour. AVaterloo is a clingstone, but a fine Peach, 
large, and very bright in colour. 
Propagating Leucophyton Browni (0. Turner). —Cuttings strike 
freely at almost any time, but preferably in August, the cuttings, after 
trimming off the lower leaves, being laid aside for a few hours to allow the 
wounds to dry. They should be inserted in sandy soil, the pots siufaced 
with sand, and care taken not to give too much water, keeping the soil 
moist, and placing them in a cold frame. Spring is also a good time to 
insert the cuttings, and at that time of year they are the better for a gentle 
heat, in which they root more quickly and sooner make plants of a size 
suitable for placing out. The chief thing is to guard against damp. 
The cuttings should bo firm, as when soft they are more liable to suffer 
from damp. 
Begonia Corms Eaten by Grubs (P. L .).—The grubs are likely to prove 
troublesome to the Tulips. The only thing we can suggest is to make 
holes with a blnnt dibber to about the same depth as the Tulips, and in 
these insert some baits of Carrots with a pointed stick thrust into them, 
and long enough to reach outside the ground after the holes are closed, as 
they should with loose soil. The Carrots will most likely attract the grubs, 
and withdrawing the baits each morning the p°sts will be easily destroyed. 
The baits are to be replaced when necessary. Persistence in this course is 
a certain remedy, there being few grubs that can resist a bait of sweet 
succulent Carrot. Potato baits are good, but not equal to the Carrot. 
Lily of the Valley not Flowering (J. F. W., Deal). —Your previous 
question did not reach us. The plants have become too crowded and so 
enfeebled as not to form well-developed flower buds. The only remedy is 
to thin the plants well, filling the holes with rich soil, and giving a surface¬ 
dressing of thoroughly decayed manure about an inch deep. This should 
be done now, and the p'ants removed may be formed into fresh beds, the 
soil having been well manured and as deeply dug or trenched as the good 
soil allows. They may be planted in rows 3 inches apart and the crowns 
1 inch asunder in the rows, and so deeply that the top of the crown is level 
with the surface of the soil. The roots should be spread out carefully, and 
the soil made rather firm about them. Mulch the beds with well-decayed 
manure or leif soil. During growth copious supplies of water should be 
given, or liquid manure in dry weather, as the stronger the plants the finer 
will be the flowers. 
Gardeners’ Examinations (P. (?.).—The Royal Horticultural Soci“ty 
and the Society of Arts at one time held examinations in horticulture, but 
these have been discontinued. The Science and Art Department at South 
Kensington have examinations in botany, and you can obtain all particulars 
on application to the Secretary addressed as above. 
Potatoes Eaten by Slugs ( Old Subscriber). —The tubers you sent are in 
brd condition, and nothing would do your land so much good as a 
dressing of quicklime. AVe should give it now at the rate of 6 tons per 
acre, and before digging the ground. The best agent, however, to use 
against slugs is nitrate of soda, but it should not be used until spring, or in 
late March or early April before putting in the crops, and at the rate of 
1 lb. per rod (30J square yards). The quantity of lime per square rod is a 
little more than a bushel, but that quantity is a fair dressing. As the 
quality of the Potatoes is bad we should not give anv manure. The nitrate 
of soda is beneficial to most vegetable crops. AVe should certainly not 
think the slugs would be more likely to appear again if the old eets— i.e., 
sets of the slug-eaten crops,'are used, but often much good results from a 
change of se d. 
Training Vines Down Back Wall {F. J .).—If you train the canes down 
the back wall and allow them to fruit it is certain you would gain some 
bunches of Grapes next year, but would also have very much weaker leads 
than if the canes were cut back to the curve, and a strong shoot taken from 
each in the ensuing season. The growth should not be taken down the wall 
but along the back and well up to the light, so as to insure a thoroughly 
solidified growth, and sufficiently long to reach down the wall and admit of 
being layered in the border to the extent of a foot or 18 inches, being secur’d 
with pegs a couple or not more than 3 inches beneath the surface. The 
eyes should be removed from the part layered, and the layering must not be 
done until the wood is ripe. By this plan yon will have the Vines with two 
sets of roots, and they can be fruited their whole length the following year, 
the objectionable Vines being cut out. 
Pruning Hydrangea paniculata (X Y .).—It is best to thin out the weak 
wood, and then cut back the strong shoots to firm ripe wood, so as to form 
a symmetrical or compact plant. AVe have cut back to a couple of joints 
of the base, but base buds do not always give such large heads of bloom as 
the terminal ones. Irregularities are best pinched during growth, and the 
weak growth should be removed early, resorting to disbudding. If the 
wood is strong and well ripened you are sure to have plenty of flowers. 
Distance of Trellis from Hot-water Pipes in Cucumber House {Idem). 
—The pipes ought to be at least a foot from the trellis or plants, and are 
better more, as the pipes dry the atmosphere in their immediate locality and 
increase the evaporation from the foliage, causing attacks of red spider. If 
you mean the bot-water pipes are for bottom heat, then they surely ar ■ more 
than 4 inches from the trellis. You will need the pipes surrounded with 
and covrred by G inches of rubble, over this a layer of turves grass side 
downwards, and then 10 inches or a foot of soil, and the plants ought to 
have some stem. The trellises are, we think, intended for border or bed 
support, and if 4 inches below those they are not far wrong. Manure is a 
good material, but is better mixed with leaves. Three parts Oak or Beech 
leaves with one part stable litter make a suitable bed and give a mild and 
durable bottom heat. Tb°y foster no fungi that is injurious to Cucumbers. 
Tan is unquestionably the best of all materials for bottom heat, but it is far 
more subject to fungi than manure. 
Fairy Rings on Lawn {An Old Subscriber). —The cause of fairy rings 
is the spread of fungus spawn or mycelium, which results in the production 
of Toadstools. They are for the most part nitrogenous, and their decay 
gives the deep green colour to the grass. It is a clear indication of poverty, 
as the fairy rings never appear on healthy vigorous plots of grass. AVe 
only know of one remedy, and that is manure of a nitrogenous character. 
Potash is also useful. AVe should make holes with a crowbar where the 
rings are, and into these drop some wood ashes, the holes being about 
3 inches deep and about 6 inches apart. They may have a pinch between 
the finger and thumb put in each, and afterwards be filled with fine soil. If 
this be objected to rake the ground well and apply wood ashes at the rate 
of a peck per rod (30J square yards). This may be lightly raked in. If 
the ground is poor— i.e., the grass thin and growing weakly—give a dress¬ 
ing of well decayed manure now, and in February or March give a surface 
dressing of soil mixed with a fourth of quicklime in autumn, and turned over 
twice. Two bushels of compost per square rod is not too much. Rake well 
in and sow with fine grass seeds during moist weather in April, and roll 
well. This will insure a good growth of grass, and the fairy rings will dis¬ 
appear. If the grass grows freely omit the manure. Avoid artificial 
manures containing superphosphate of lime and sulphates of soda and 
magnesia. Soot and wood ashes mixed together in equal proportions is 
good for lawns. A surface-dressing in moist weath°r in spring before the 
grass grows effects wonders, and is good against moss. A peck per rod is 
a proper dressing. 
Names of Fruits.—The names and addresses of senders of fruit to be named 
must in all cases be enclosed with the specimens, whether letters referring 
to the fruit are sent by post or not. The names are not necessarily required 
for publication, initials sufficing for that. Only six specimens can be 
named at once, and surplus fruits beyond that number cannot be preserved. 
{Brentford ).—Somersetshire Pomeroy. (W. H. Divers). —1, Thompson’s. 
2, Zephirin Gregoire. 3, Besi Goubault. Apples :1, Golden Noble. 2, Not 
known. 
Names of Plants.—AVe only undertake to name species of plants, not 
varieties that have originated from seed and termed florists’ flowers. 
Flowering specimens are necessary of flowering plants, and Fern fronds 
should bear spores. Specimens should arrive in a fresh state in firm 
boxes. Slightly damp moss or soft green leaves form the best packing, dry 
cotton wool the worst. Not more than six specimens can be named at once. 
(C. B.). —AVe do not undertake to name varieties of florists’ flowers. 
COVENT GARDEN MARKET.— November 24th. 
Prices remain the same. Grapes firmer. Trade quiet. 
FRUIT. 
s. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
s. 
d 
Apples. 
ft sieve 
i 
6 to 4 
0 
Melon .. .. 
0 
0 to 0 
0 
Nova Scotia and 
Oranges .. 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Canada 
per barrel 12 
0 
21 
0 
Peaches . 
. perdoz. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Cherries. 
. £ sieve 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Pears. 
1 
0 
3 
0 
Gobs . 
. ioo lb. 
60 
0 
70 
0 
Pine Apples English.. It). 
X 
6 
2 
0 
Figs . 
dozen 
0 
6 
0 
9 
Pluma. 
. J sieve 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Grapes. 
0 
6 
3 
9 
St. Michael Pines 
..each 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Lemons. 
10 
0 
15 
0 
Strawberries .. 
. per lb. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
VEGETABLES. 
8. 
d. 
s. 
d 
S. 
d. 
S 
d 
Artichokes 
.. dozen 
l 
0 to 0 
0 
Lettuce .. .. 
i 
0 
to 1 
6 
Asparagus 
.. bundle 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Mushrooms .. 
.. punnet 
0 
8 
1 
0 
Beans, Kidney 
.. per lb 
0 
6 
0 
0 
Mustard and Cress punnet 
Or 
2 
0 
0 
Beet, Red 
.. dozen 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Onions .. .. 
0 
s 
0 
0 
Broccoli .. .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Parsley .. dozen bunches 
2 
0 
s 
0 
Brussels Sprouts 
.. 1 sieve 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Parsnips .. .. 
i 
0 
3 
0 
Cabbage .. .. 
X 
6 
0 
0 
Potatoes.. .. 
4 
0 
5 
0 
Capsicums 
100 
1 
6 
2 
0 
,, Kidney 
.. cwt. 
4 
8 
5 
0 
Carrots .. .. 
0 
4 
0 
0 
Rhubarb .. .. 
0 
2 
0 
6 
Cauliflowers .. 
., dozen 
3 
0 
4 
0 
Salsafy .. .. 
1 
0 
1 
u 
Celery .. .. 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Scorzonera 
.. bundle 
1 
6 
0 
0 
Coleworts dcz. bunches 
a 
0 
4 
0 
Soakale .. .. 
per basket 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Cucumbers 
.. each 
0 
8 
0 
4 
Shallots .. .. 
0 
3 
0 
6 
Endive .. 
l 
0 
2 
0 
Spinach .. .. 
8 
0 
4 
4 
Heros .. .. 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Tomatoes 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Leeks .. .. 
0 
8 
0 
4 
Turnips .. .. 
0 
4 
0 
0 
PLANTS IN POTS. 
s. d. b. a. 8. d. 8. d. 
Aralia Sieboldi .. dozen 
9 
0 
to 18 
0 
Ficus elastica 
.. each 
i 
6 to 
7 
0 
Arbor vitas (golden) dozen 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Fnchsia 
per dozen 
0 
0 
0 
0 
„ (common) dozen 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Foliage Plants, var. each 
2 
0 
10 
0 
Asters .. .. per dozen 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Heliotrope 
per dozen 
0 
9 
0 
0 
Bedding Plants, var. doz. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Hydrangea .. 
per dozen 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Begonias .. .. dozen 
4 
0 
9 
0 
Ivy Geraniums 
per dozen 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Chrysanthemum .. dozen 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Lilium auratum 
per doz. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Cockscombs per dozen 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Lobelias .. 
per dozen 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Cyperu3.dozen 
4 
0 
12 
0 
Marguerite Daisy dozen 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Dracaena terminalis, dozen 
30 
0 
60 
0 
Mignonette .. 
per dozen 
3 
0 
6 
0 
„ viridis .. dozen 
12 
0 
24 
0 
Musk .. .. 
per dozen 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Erica, various .. dozen 
9 
0 
12 
0 
Myrtles .. .. 
6 
0 
12 
0 
„ hyemalis per dozen 
12 
0 
24 
0 
Palms, in var. 
.. eaoh 
2 
6 
21 
0 
„ gracilis per dozen 
9 
0 
13 
0 
Pelargoniums, scarlet, doz. 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Euonymus, in var. dozen 
6 
0 
18 
0 
Pelargoniums 
per dozen 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Evergreens, in var. dozen 
6 
0 
24 
0 
Primula sisensis 
per doz. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Ferns, in variety .. dozen 
4 
0 
18 
0 
Solanums 
per doz. 
9 
0 
12 
0 
CUT 
FLOWERS. 
s. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
B. 
d. 
Abutilons 
12 bunches 
2 
0 to 4 
0 
Lily of the Valley, 12 spray3 
0 
0 
to 0 
0 
Arum Lilies . 
12 blooms 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Marguerites .. 
12 bunches 
2 
0 
6 
0 
Asters 
12 bunches 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Mignonette .. 
12 bunches 
1 
0 
3 
0 
Azalea 
12 sprays 
i 
0 
1 
6 
Narciss, Paper-white, bunch 
0 
4 
0 
6 
Bouvarclias .. 
per bunch 
0 
6 
1 
0 
„ White. English, bunch 
1 
8 
1 
6 
Camellias 
12 blooms 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Pelargoniums, per 12 trusses 
0 
9 
X 
6 
Carnations .. 
12 blooms 
1 
0 
8 
0 
„ scarlet, 12 trusses 
0 
4 
0 
6 
12 bunches 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Roses 
12 bunches 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Chrysanthemums 12 bohes. 
2 
0 
6 
0 
„ (indoor), 
per dozen 
0 
8 
3 
0 
12 blooms 
0 
6 
2 
0 
„ Tea.. .. 
0 
9 
8 
0 
Cornflower .. 
12 bunches 
0 
0 
0 
0 
„ red 
.. dozen 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Dahlias 
12 bunches 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Parme Violets (French) 
4 
0 
c 
9 
Epiphyllum .. 
doz. blooms 
0 
6 
0 
0 
Primula (single) 
per bunch 
0 
6 
0 
0 
Eucharis 
per dozen 
4 
0 
8 
0 
„ (double) 
per bunch 
0 
9 
1 
0 
Gardenias 
12 blooms 
4 
0 
6 
0 
P^rethrum .. 
12 bunches 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Gladioli 
12 bunches 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Stephanotis .. 
12 sprays 
6 
0 
8 
0 
Hyacinths,Roman, 12 sprays 
1 
0 
1 
6 
Stocks, various 
12 bunches 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Lapageria, white, 12 blooms 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Tropseolum .. 
12 bunches 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Lapageria, red 
.12 blooms 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Tuberoses 
12 blooms 
1 
0 
i 
6 
„ lougiflorum,12 blms. 
6 
0 
8 
0 
Violets .. .. 
12 bunches 
1 
0 
i 
6 
Lilac (white), French, bunch 
6 
0 
8 
0 
„ Czar, French, per bunch 
1 
s 
i 
9 
