The Ecology of Calluna vulgaris. 233 
Y x . Outside heather area. Loamy soil over chalk. Chalk at 
9 inches. Lumps of chalk within a few inches of surface. Soil 
fairly dry in wet weather. 
Y 2 . Outside scattered heather patches. Soil, passing into soil 
with flints, rather heavier below. Chalk at 15 inches. Small lumps 
of chalk within 6 inches of surface. Soil fairly dry in wet weather. 
Y 3 . Inside scattered heather patches. Soil, over soil with flints, 
coming clayey below. Surface of chalk rubble very irregular. 
Chalk at 17 inches. Soil rather wetter after rain. 
Y 4 . In heather area. Definite layer of clay-with-flints over 
chalk rubble, which in places comes within 12 inches of surface. 
Chalk at 31 inches. Soil retentive after rain. 
30 k 
y, 
y 7 
; ' 
V; ' 
Sod. 
Sod w,-Hints 
(?oo Q 
88 
y 
060 
n 
V, 
■ Clay w.'Hmls 
j- Ch. rubble 
CkatK, 
y 
V, 
Fig. 2. Section from holes Y, to Y 7 on mapped area (Fig. 1) showing the 
thickness and distribution of soil and deposits overlying the chalk. The section 
A shows the actual slope of the ground along the line of holes plotted on a 
smaller scale. 
Y 5 . Thick heather. Top J-inch of soil rather darker in colour, 
but no peat formed. Layer of stiff yellowish clay-with-flints over 
irregular surface of chalk rubble 18 inches from surface. Chalk at 
24 inches. General effect is that of good deep, rather heavy loam 
resting on thin layer of clay-with-flints over chalk. Soil retentive 
after rain. Soil A taken from here. 
Y c . Grass patch surrounded on three sides by heather. Similar 
to Y 5 . Chalk at 24 inches. Chalk rubble at 15 inches. Soil 
retentive in wet weather. Soil B taken from here. 
Y 7 . Thick heather. Similar to Y 5 . Very large unworn flints 
present. Chalk at 22 inches. Chalk rubble at 16 inches. Calluna 
rooting down into chalk rubble. 
