The Climbing Habit in Antirrhinum majus. 29! 
thirty-three were noted and by the middle of July every plant in 
the border exhibited traces of it. Among these, all the various 
forms were noted which we found during the previous season, as 
shown in Fig. 34, A—E, together with several other variations. 
A characteristic plant of this season’s growth showed a tangle 
of coiled branches, many of which had twined around steins, 
branches or leaves of the same plant or around those of the Shirley 
Poppy. 
PI. II., Fig. 2 shows on a larger scale a Poppy stem caught 
in the strong coil of an Antirrhinum branch. On PI. III., Fig. 1 
two shoots of an Antirrhinum plant are shown ; that on the right 
firmly held in the coil of the branch tendril coming from the left 
and seen in the centre of the photograph. Below and a little to 
the left of that are seen two tendrils which have formed perfect 
coils. The two lowest branches on the left are equally interesting, 
the lower of these twines steeply round the one above, in a manner 
quite typical of a habitual dextrorse climber. 
On another branch of the same plant were found three 
successive pairs of twining branches, viz :—at the second, third and 
fourth nodes. In each case the coil grips firmly the base of its 
subtending leaf. Those at the second and third nodes have turned 
to the same side of the stem, i.e., towards the light. A somewhat 
similar case is shown in the Text-fig. 35, A, and is of very common 
occurrence. The right branch tends to form a sinistrorse spiral 
around the subtending leaf, while the left branch forms a dextrorse 
spiral around its subtending leaf. It was different, however, with 
the branches of the fourth node. Both right and left branches had 
twined in a sinistrorse direction. We thus see how variable the 
twining is and that the branches from two nodes on the same axis 
may turn in opposite directions. An early stage in the formation 
of such coils is seen in the Text-fig. 35, B, where the left branch is 
turning towards the observer, then across the stem to the right, 
while the right branch turns away from the observer. The internode 
above has formed a rigid sickle-shaped or hook-like bend, which is 
repeated in the left branch arising from the node above. Similar 
hooks, but smaller, are frequent and are pretty effective in clinging 
to a support. 
Not uncommonly, a twining branch hooks on to a support by 
one of its turns but continues to twine independently. The same 
thing happened in one of our experiments. A slender stick was 
placed alongside an Antirrhinum branch which slowly twined 
