102 
W. B. Grove. 
Gametophyte - 
V. 
Sporophyte - 
Basidiospore 
I 
Mycelium 
/ \ 
/Ecidium Spermogone 
I I . 
Female cell Spermatium 
% 
Fusion cell 
II 
Spore-mother cell 
Intercalary Spore 
cell A 
o o 
V. 
A A 
o o o o 
Basidiospores 
This hypothesis of the primitiveness of an Endophyllum- like 
Uredine was propounded by Barclay (2) hut, since in his day the 
nuclear history of the Uredineae had not been at all investigated, it 
was devoid of that strong confirmation which the researches of 
Hoffmann have now afforded it. Barclay shows how, in Uromyces 
Cunninghamicinus, only the primary aecidiospores are accompanied 
by spermogones; these aecidiospores, when mature, germinated 
sometimes by a kind of abortive basidium which became uni-septate, 
but instead of producing basidiospores each cell gave rise to a 
germ-tube 1 , which would enter the host (presumably through 
a stoma) and there produce a mycelium which would give rise to 
the secondary aecidiospores ; these might then repeat the process 
or be followed within the same cup by teleutosporcs. 
This enables us to picture exactly how the first step of the 
separation of teleuto- from aecidiospores could originate; the 
transformation of these secondary aecidiospores into uredospores 
would then be a simple change. It must be remembered that the 
spores of Endophyllum germinate at once; on that account the fungus 
hibernates by its mycelium in the growing points of the host, a 
comparatively inefficient method. The separation of aecidio- from 
teleutospores, and the consequent intercalation of spores devoted 
entirely to the spreading of the parasite, would enable the teleuto- 
spore more easily to become a resting spore, and thus increase 
the ability of the fungus to adapt itself to fresh conditions. The 
1 When teleutospores germinate in water, deprived of air, they generally 
produce long tubes, and not infrequently no basidiospores. 
