196 
BRITISH WILD FLOWERS. 
1.—FULLER'S TEASEL. (Dipsacus fullonum, Lin.) 
Engravings. —Eng. Bot., t. 2080 ; 2nd ed,, t. 194 ; and our Jig. 7, in PI. 41. 
Specific Character. —-Leaves combined, serrated. Scales of the receptacle hooked backwards. Involucrum reflexed. ( Lindley.) 
Description, &c. —This plant, being extensively cultivated in many parts of England, is probably not a 
true native, as many of the plants which appear to be growing wild, may have sprung from seeds dropped 
accidentally. It is a biennial, the flowers of which are not ornamental, but which is cultivated for the sake of 
the stiff-hooked scales of the receptacle, which render the dried heads useful in dressing cloth. 
THE WILD TEASEL. (D. sylvestris, Lin.) 
This species is very common by road-sides, and on the banks of hedges, where it produces its pink flowers in 
July. It grows very strong and robust, but it is of no use, as the scales of the receptacle are not hooked. 
The leaves of this species form a very deep hollow, and hold so much water, that in many parts of the country 
the plant is known by the name of Venus’s Kettle. 
THE SMALL TEASEL. (D. pilosus, Lin.) 
This species is known by the popular English name of the Shepherd’s Staff, and at first sight it has more the 
appearance of a Scabious than a Teasel. It is a biennial, found only in moist calcareous soils, where it produces 
its flowers in August and September. 
GENUS II. 
THE SCABIOUS. (Scabiosa, Lin.) 
Lin. Syst. TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA. 
Generic Character. —Involucellum nearly cylindrical, with eight little excavations. Calyx with a limb consisting of five setae, occasionally 
partially abortive. {Coulter.) 
Description, &c. —The British species of Scabious are much less ornamental than the exotic kinds. The 
scientific name is derived from scabies , the leprosy, because it is said that some of the species were formerly used 
in curing that fearful disease. 
1— THE DEVIL’S-BIT SCABIOUS. (Scabiosa succisa, Lin.) 
Engravings. —Eng. Bot., t. 878 ; 2nd ed., 1.197 ; and our Jig. 8, in PL 41. 
Specific Character. —Corolla in four equal segments. Heads nearly globular. Stem-leaves distantly toothed. {Smith.) 
Description, &c. —This plant is most remarkable for its root, which when dug up looks as if the end of it 
had been just bitten off. The plant is a perennial, common in moist meadows, where it flowers from August 
till October. 
THE SMALL SCABIOUS. (S. columbaria, Lin.) 
This is a very pretty little plant, found abundantly in the chalk districts of the south of England, but rare 
iu the north. It is a perennial, and produces its heads of bright purple flowers from June till August. 
