BRITISH WILD FLOWERS. 
247 
CHAPTER EXIT. 
THE BUTTERWORT FAMILY. (Lentibulari^e, Rich.) 
Character of the Order. —Calyx divided, persistent, inferior. 
Corolla monopetalous, hypogynous, irregular, bilabiate, with a spur. 
Stamens two, included within the corolla, and inserted into its base. 
Anthers simple, sometimes contracted in the middle. Ovarium one- 
celled. Style one, very short. Stigma bilabiate. Capsule one- 
celled, many-seeded, with a large central placenta. Seeds minute. 
Embryo without albumen, sometimes undivided. Herbaceous plants, 
living in water or marshes. Leaves radical, undivided, or compound, 
resembling roots, and bearing little vesicles. Scapes with either minute 
stipula-like scales, or naked; sometimes with whorled vesicles; generally 
undivided. Flowers single, or in spikes, or in many-flowered racemes. 
Flowers with a single bractea, rarely without bracteae. ( R. Br.) 
Description, &c. —Perennial marsh plants, with ornamental flowers. 
GENUS I. 
THE BUTTERWORT. (Pinguicula, Lin.) 
Lin. Si/st. DIANDRIA MONOGYNIA. 
Generic Character. —Calyx campanulate, five-cleft. Corolla two-lipped; the upper three-lobed, the lower two-lobed, shorter and spurred. 
Stigma bilabiate. ( Lindl.) 
Description, &c. —The plants included in this genus have no proper stems, but the flower-scape of each 
rises from a tuft of glutinous leaves. These leaves are said to cause the rot in sheep, but, in fact, they are not 
eaten by sheep, or any kind of cattle, and they will coagulate milk like rennet. Both the stem and leaves bend 
back if roughly touched, the latter nearly concealing the root when taken up. The name of Pinguicula is from 
the Latin word Pinguis , fat, the leaves being thick and greasy to the touch. The genus is in the Linnsean class 
and order Diandria Monogynia, from its two stamens and its single style. 
1.—THE COMMON BUTTERWORT. (Pinguicula vulgaris, Lin.) 
Engravings. —Eng. Bot., t. 70; 2nd ed., t. 25. 
Specific Character. —Spur cylindrical, acute, as long as the very irregular petal. Segments of the calyx oblong. Capsule ovate, (j Lindl.) 
Description, &c.' —This species is very abundant in bogs in the northern counties ; and it is also found in 
Norfolk and some other places, but more sparingly. The leaves are thick and fleshy, and feel clammy to the 
touch, their surface being covered by a great number of shining glands containing glutinous matter. The plant 
is a perennial, and it flowers nearly all the summer. 
2.—THE LARGE-FLOWERED BUTTERWORT. (Pinguicula grandiflora, Willd.) 
Engravings. —Eng. Bot., t. 2184 ; 2nd ed., t. 26 ; and our fig. 7, in PL 46. 
Specific Character. —Spur cylindrical, acute, as long as the nearly regular, five-cleft, veiny petal. Segments of the calyx ovate, obtuse. 
Capsule ovate. {Lindl.) 
Description, &c. —This species is rare in England, but it is abundant in Ireland. It loses its leaves in 
winter, and forms numerous little scaly bulbs instead. It is a perennial, and it flowers in May. 
THE PALE BUTTERWORT. (P. Lusitanica, Lin.) 
This species is abundant in Dorsetshire, and many parts of the West of England. The leaves are delicate, and 
almost transparent ; and both the leaves and stems are covered with hairs, which are tipped with glands. The 
