White Stork 
Cioonia cioonia 
The western populations (all but isolated 
one in Turkestan) show no geographic 
variation but differ in migration routes. 
Birds breeding east of eastern Germany 
head south east to the Bosporous, cross 
Nile Valley to eastern Africa. West 
European birds cross the Mediterranean 
at Gibraltar and spread out in crossing 
the Sahara on a broad front. 
Habitat: Wet meadows or marshes, river 
valleys and cultivation generally near 
human settlements. 
