[.48 -J 
of capacity, and have no weights, may, by means of 
the former, determine the weight of any commodity. 
Thus, if I place on one scale the water that willliil 
a gallon, and counterpoise it by the commodity to 
be weighed, I immediately know that the commo¬ 
dity weighs 138 ounces avoirdupois, or eight 
pounds 10 ounces parts of an ounce ; and 
thus those, who have weights but no measures, 
may, by means of the former, determine the con¬ 
tents of the gallon or other measures of capacity ; 
thus, if I wanted to measure a gallon of wine, I 
place in one scale 8 pounds 10 ounces, and 
parts of an ounce, and counterpoise with wine in the 
other scale, which will then be a gallon, except the 
very minute difference between the specific gravity 
of wine and pure rain water. 
weights. 
Since a standard cubic inch, of pure rain water, 
weighs precisely one ounce, let an inch of standard 
measure cubed, and filled with pure rain water, be 
the unit of weights, that is, one ounce avoirdupois, 
and let a droit be the least weight, and then we may 
have a series for weights, as in the following 
