iro 
particularly once when the leaves were two inches long and 
in drills very thick and strong, but the ground was dry.~~ 
When a warm rain fell, in less than two hours I found the 
ranks attacked by those vermin on one side and eaten entire¬ 
ly off by a large black grub thousands of which were on the 
leaves, and they cleaned as they went, not going on until 
they had destroyed every leaf where they fixed. They had 
eaten six or seven ranks before I was called by one of my 
people to observe it. Having plenty of lime, I immediately 
ordered it in flour to be strewed along those ranks which 
were not injured ; this destroyed them in vast nymbers and 
secured the remainder. Another time having had two suc¬ 
ceeding crops on four acres of land, I considered it impru¬ 
dent to venture another. However as the land after this ap¬ 
peared so clean and rich, I again ventured, but soon found 
my error. On examining the roots (for after it had begun 
to vegetate strong, it was observed to decay and wither) I 
found thousands of the wire worm at them entwined in ev¬ 
ery root. I immediately strewed lime (four loads of six 
quarters each on the four acres) and harrowed it; rain com¬ 
ing on soon after it washed the lime in and destroyed them 
all, and gave me an extraordinary crop ; but the first sown 
side of the field where they had began never quite recover¬ 
ed like the rest. I am fully satisfied that when the grub 
is seen in wheat, See. the same treatment (if the weather ' 
suited) would destroy them all as well as change the nature 
of the land. I need not venture on the wide and extensive 
field of observations on the causes of weeds and grubs, Sec. 
(which so often counteract the labors of the husbandman) 
that Occur so differently in different seasons and after differ¬ 
ent treatment and improper crops—further than to observe, 
that when your land has not a proper change then it is that 
these are experienced in a most destructive degree. 
It is in vain to expect a good crop of Woad of a good 
quality from poor and shallow land. The difference of 
produce and its value is so great that no one of any expe- 
