SOCIOLOGY. 
127 
anything which current Radicalism conceives; Conservative to a 
degree beyond anything conceived by present Conservatism.”* 
And he goes on to point out at length—which I must not stay to 
trouble you with—that when there has been grasped the truth that 
Societies are products of evolution, then there will be realised a 
proper conception of such Societies, and that as Mr. Herbert Spencer 
says, “ thus the theory of progress, disclosed by the study of 
Sociology as science, is one which moderates the hopes and the fears 
of extreme parties.” 
(To he continued.) 
Note. —By the kind permission of Mr. Herbert Spencer, the Sociological 
Section is allowed to use on its Proceedings the Device at the head of this 
Address, which has been impressed at the side of the binding of the volumes 
of the Synthetic Philosophy since their first issue. The Device appears to indi¬ 
cate the evolution of life. Beneath are the crystals of the volcanic rocks which 
underlie all creation. Superimposed is the alluvial soil and recent mould. 
Springing from the latter are two forms of vegetabledife—a Cryptogam (non 
flowering) and a Pheiiogam (flowering) plant respectively. The last is a 
Dicotyledon, the highest form of vegetable life. This appears in bud, leaf, 
flower, and fruit. Creeping up and feeding upon the flowering plant is a larval 
form of invertebrate life (caterpillar); suspended from the central portion is 
the 'pupfi (chrysalis), and resting upon and crowning the flower is the imodo 
(perfect insecti.—W. R. H. 
MUBHEOOM-GEOWINCt. 
[This account has been furnished to the Editors by a friend who has had 
extraordinary success in cultivating mushrooms indoors and out, and they 
think some of their country readers will appreciate the publication of so 
successful a method.] 
You ask me to write you a treatise on mushroom growing ! But 
the subject has already been so thoroughly discussed in many of our 
Horticultural publications that I am afraid I can give you no fresh 
information, and for my pains shall only be accused of plagiarism. 
However, having been now for some years a tolerably successful 
grower, I have no right to keep the secret (?) to myself, but will try 
and make the system as plain to you as it is easy to me. There used 
to be an old theory that “ horse-dropjnngs ” were the only material 
of which a mushroom bed could successfully be made, and for some 
years I laboured under the same delusion myself, until the difficulty of 
procuring such a material, pure and simple, drove me to the more 
primitive and certainly more effective practice of using stable manure, 
straw and all, just as it leaves the stable—(the horses should be 
corn-fed, and the manure as fresh as possible). With such an 
appliance failure should be unknowu. The art, if I may so term it, 
lies in the after treatment. I am in the habit of leaving the manure, 
when brought and roughly forked out of the wagon, to ferment for two 
or three days, and then turning it some five or six times until the rank 
* “ The Study of Sociology,” 9th edition, p. S94,1880, 
