February 4, 1892. ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
97 
This is no!; too much space to allow of all the growths being properly 
exposed to light and air. The “ U ” system of training is fully described 
and figured, from the maiden up to the fruiting tree on a 10-feet high 
wall, jn the Journal of IlortiouUttre, vol. xiii., third series, pages 252 
and 253. Two branches are the most suitable ; indeed, it would not be 
a‘'U” if you had tour branches, but a four-branched upright. The 
trees answer well as single upright cordons, planted 2 feet 6 inches 
apart, and the “ U ” is simply a double upright cordon. 
Seeds Required for Carden Plots ((7.).—The following seeds 
and space the quantities named may occupy has been determined by 
experiments, the seeds being good and uniformly covered at a proper 
depth in suitable soil:—Asparagus, bed of 15 square yards, | pt. ; 
Beans, Broad, per row of 80 feet, 1 qt.; Beet, row of 50 feet, 1 oz.; 
Broccoli, per 4 square yards, \ oz.; Brussels Sprouts, per 4 square yards, 
oz.; Cabbage, bed of 8 square yards, ^ oz.; Carrots, drill of 120 feet, 
i oz.; ditto, bed 12 square yards, 1 oz.; Cauliflower, 4 square yards, ^ oz.; 
Celery, 4 square yards, 4 oz.; Cress, 3 square yards, 1 oz.; Endive, 4 
square yards, 4- oz.; Kale, 4 square yards, 4^ oz.; Kidney Beans, row 
80 feet, ^ pint; Leek, 2 square yards, 4 oz.; Lettuce, 4 square yards, 
oz.; Mushroom, 7 square yards, 1 bus.; Onions, 9 square yards, 1 oz.; 
Parsley, row 80 feet, 1 oz.; Parnsnip, drill of 200 feet, 1 oz.; Peas, early, 
row of 60 feet, 1 pint; Peas, large, late, row of 80 feet, 1 pint ; Potatoes, 
row of 30 feet, ^ pkt.; Radishes, 4 square yards, 1 oz.; Savoy, 4 square 
yards, ^^oz.; Spinach, 10 square yards, 1 oz.; Spinach, drill of 120 feet, 
1 oz.; Turnip, 4 square yards, ^ oz. 
part of the day during the summer months will assist in preserving 
healthy foliage. Towards the middle of September the shade may be 
dispensed with altogether, as after that date what sun there is will aid 
in ripening the growths, and the plants will flower more freely. Directly 
after Christmas the plants will commence flovvering, and will continue 
for two or three months, the plants reaching the height of from 1 foot 
6 inches to 2 feet 6 inches. 
Ifames of Plants. —We only undertake to name species of plants, 
not varieties that have originated from seed and termed florists’ flowers. 
Flowering specimens are necessary of flowering plants, and Fern fronds 
should bear spores. Specimens should arrive in a fresh state in firm boxes. 
Slightly damp moss, soft green grass or leaves form the best packing, dry 
wool the worst. Not more than six specimens can be named at oiiee, 
and the numbers should be visible without untying the ligatures, 
it being often difficult to separate them when the paper is damp. 
(•/. S'). — 1, Nephrolepis davallioides ; 2, Nephrolepis tuberosa; 3, 
Platycerium alcicorne ; 4, Lindsaea cultrata. (IF. IF./?.).—1, Adiantum 
decorum; 2, Adiantum trapeziforme. (A/. T ,).—■!, Odontoglosaum 
Sanderianum ; 2, Masdevallia Lindeni; 3, Masdevallia triangularis. 
COVENT OARDEN MARKET.— Febbctary 3kd. 
Business remains a.s last week with Grapes a poorer trade. 
FRUIT. 
Primula mollis (IF. B.). —Yes, there is a Primula bearing the name 
you give, and the plant has been described in this Journal by one who 
cultivates Primulas largely as follows:—“ The soft-leaved Bhotan 
Primrose is included by many botanists under the large section 
Primulastrum,’ but we prefer for simplicity M. Stein’s plan of classing 
it in ‘ Cortusina,’ in company with P. cortusoides and its forms and the 
new P. Kauffmanniana. The latter classification seems the best as far 
as affinity goes, besides being much more convenient for cultivators. 
P. inollis is one of those Primroses which it is almost hopeless to attempt 
cultivating in the open air in this country—not so much from the cold, 
as we believe it is found at fairly high elevations, but from damp, 
caused by fog, &c. We have tried it in the neighbourhood of London 
under almost all the conditions conceivable, sometimes with apparent 
■success, but which invariably ended in failure. Even under glasses and 
overhanging ledges it was found to have decayed. We winter it success¬ 
fully in a dry cool frame, airing freely on bright days and watering only 
when very dry, and even then care is required to keep the water from 
lodging a,bout the woolly crown. We succeed with it best in pots, 
having given up planting it out, and as it is a quick coarse grower it 
^quires plenty of pot room and plenty of feeding. It makes a charm¬ 
ing greenhouse plant when well grown, and it not uncommonly produces 
from twenty to thirty flower stems, each averaging from four to five 
whorls of its large bright flowers, presenting with the densely hairy 
foliage a really magnificent sight. If flowered early in good seasons it 
produces seed, but it may also be readily propagated by division of the 
crowns in winter. The foliage all rise from the root, the leaves on long 
petioles entirely covered with curious spreading hairs, the blade almost 
round in outline with a cordate base, and lobed and crenated margins, 
veined or reticulated. The flower stems vary from 12 to 18 inehes in 
height, the flowers being arranged in whorls ; the corollas about an inch 
in diameter, of a bright rose or brick-red colour ; the petals deeply 
lobed ; the calyx campanulate, hairy ; the teeth short and broad at the 
base. It flowers from April until the end of July. It was found in the 
Bhotan Mountains by Mr. Booth about 1852.” 
Culture of Begonia odorata (J. R. S ).—The Begonia to which 
you refer is B. odorata, which is well suited for growing into neat little 
plants in small pots for winter flowering. The fragrance from its pure 
white flowers, which are borne in large trusses, is very agreeable. The 
details of culture are simple, and if you possess a warm house during the 
winter and suitable convenience during the summer months you can 
grow this Begonia to perfection by following the method of culture here 
described. Towards the end of the present month take short stout cuttings 
about 4 inches long, insert them in sandy soil singly in small pots, or 
about four in a 3-inch pot. Plunge the pots in a gentle bottom heat in 
the propagating house or under a handlight in the Cucumber or Melon 
house, where the temperature does not fall below 65°. When well 
rooted transfer the plants into pots one size larger, using soil two parts 
loam, one part peat, a dash of bone meal, and some sand. Place the 
plants on a shelf close to the glass, where the growth will be of a stocky 
short-jointed nature. When the plants are 6 inches high top them by 
pinching the point from each to induce side branches and suckers from 
the bottom, which make the strongest growth. When the pots are again 
filled with roots transfer into larger pots, 43 or 32 sizes being very 
useful where the plants are required for vases in the decoration of 
rooms. Keep the plants on the shelf close to the glass during the 
summer, where the temperature does not fall below that indicated. 
Supply water to the roots freely, so that the foliage is retained in a healthy 
green state, alternating the supp y with weak liquid manure when the 
pots are filled with roots. No more pinching will be needed, as from 
the first topping from three to six branches will be nroduced ; the 
numbers of each will guide the cultivator as to the size of pots required. 
One stake to each plant, fixed in the centre, to w'hich each branch may 
be loosely looped, or one stake to each stem may be used at will. The 
stems are rather short and firm in themselves, but a alight support may 
be of service to prevent accident. Moderate shade during the hottest 
s. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
3. 
d. 
Apples, J-aieve. 
1 
0 to 4 
0 
Grapes, per lb. 
1 
6 
to 3 
0 
Apples, Canada and Nova 
Lemons, case . 
15 
0 
2) 
0 
Scotia, per barrel .. 
12 
0 
18 
0 
Oranges, per 100 
4 
0 
9 
0 
Cobs, Kent, por 100 lbs. .. 
35 
0 
40 
0 
St. Michael Pines, each ,. 
3 
0 
6 
0 
VEGETABLES. 
6. 
d. 
6. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
Beans, Kidney, per lb. 
0 
4 
to 0 
6 
Mustard and Cress, punnet 
0 
2 to 0 
0 
Beet, Red, dozen. 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Onions, bunch . 
0 
3 
0 
5 
Carrots, bunch. 
0 
4 
0 
0 
Parsley, dozen bunches .. 
2 
0 
3 
0 
Cauliflowers, dozen .. 
2 
0 
3 
0 
Parsnips, dozen. 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Celery, bundle . 
1 
0 
1 
3 
Potatoes, per owt. 
2 
0 
3 
0 
Coleworts, dozen bunohes 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Salsafy, bundle. 
1 
0 
1 
6 
Cucumbers, dozen 
2 
0 
3 
6 
Scorzouera, bundle .. 
1 
8 
0 
0 
Endive, dozen . 
1 
3 
1 
6 
Seakale, per basket .. .. 
1 
6 
1 
9 
Herbs, bunch .. ,. .. 
0 
3 
0 
0 
Shallots, per lb. 
0 
3 
0 
0 
Leeks, bunch . 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Spinach, bushel. 
2 
0 
0 
0 
Lettuce, score . 
0 
9 
1 
0 
Tomatoes, per lb. 
0 
4 
0 
6 
Mushrooms, punnet .. .. 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Turnips, bunch. 
0 
0 
0 
4 
AVERAGE WHOLESALE PRICES.—CUT FLOWERS. 
Orchid Blooms rather scarce in variety. 
8. 
d. 
8. d. 
s. 
d. 
S. 
d 
Arum Lilies, 12 blooms .. 
6 
0 to 9 0 
Maidenhair Fern, dozen 
Azalea, dozen sprays ,. 
1 
0 
1 6 
bunches . 
4 
0 
to 9 
0 
Bouvardias, bunch .. 
0 
6 
1 0 
Mignonette, 12 bunches .. 
1 
6 
3 
9 
Carnations, 12 blooms 
2 
0 
3 0 
Mimosa or Acacia (French) 
Christmas Roses, dozen 
per bunch. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
blooms . 
1 
0 
1 6 
Narciss (French) dozen 
Chrysanthemums, dozen 
bunches . 
3 
0 
G 
9 
blooms . 
0 
9 
3 0 
Pelargoniums, 12 bunohes 
9 
0 
15 
0 
Chrysanthemums, dozen 
„ scarlet, 12 bunohes 
6 
0 
9 
0 
bunches. 
4 
0 
12 0 
Poinsettia, dozen blooms.. 
4 
0 
9 
0 
Cyclamen, dozen blooms .. 
3 
0 
6 0 
Primula (double) 12 sprays 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Eucharis, dozen. 
6 
0 
0 0 
Roses (indoor), dozen 
1 
6 
3 
0 
Euphorbia jacquinimflora 
„ Red, per doz. blooms.. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
dozen sprays. 
3 
0 
6 0 
„ Tea, white, dozen .. 
1 
0 
3 
0 
Kpiphyllum, dozen blooms 
0 
6 
0 9 
„ Yellow, dozen .. .. 
3 
0 
6 
0 
Freesia, dozen sprays 
4 
0 
6 0 
Tuberoses, 12 blooms.. .. 
1 
0 
1 
6 
Gardenias, per dozen 
4 
0 
8 0 
Tulips, dozen blooms.. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Hyacinths, dozen spikes .. 
C 
0 
9 0 
White Lilac (French) i)er 
Hyacinths (Roman) dozen 
bunch. 
6 
0 
7 
6 
sprays. 
0 
e 
1 0 
Violet Parme, French bchs. 
4 
6 
5 
6 
Lilium longiflorum 12 
„ Czar 
2 
G 
5 
0 
blooms . 
6 
0 
9 0 
„ „ small bunohes 
2 
6 
3 
G 
Lilium ivar.) dozen blooms 
2 
0 
4 0 
„ English, dozen 
Lily of the Valley 12 sprays 
1 
0 
2 6 
bunohes . 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Marguerites, 12 bunohes ., 
3 
0 
4 0 
PLANTS 
IN POT3. 
s. 
d. 
8. d- 
s. 
d. 
3. 
d. 
Arbor Vitae (golden) dozen 
0 
0 to 12 0 
Forns. in variety, dozen .. 
4 
Oto 18 
0 
Azalea, per plant 
2 
6 
3 6 
Ficus elastica, each .. 
1 
6 
7 
0 
Chrysanthemums, per doz. 
4 
0 
9 0 
Foliage plants, var., each.. 
2 
0 
10 
0 
„ large, doz. 
12 
0 
24 0 
Hyacinths, per dozen.. 
6 
0 
0 
0 
Cyclamen, per dozen .. .. 
la 
0 
IS 0 
Lily of the Valley, per pot 
2 
0 
2 
G 
Hractena terminalis, dozen 
14 
0 
42 0 
Marguerite Daisy, dozen .. 
6 
0 
12 
n 
„ viridis, dozen .. 
12 
0 
24 0 
Myrtles, dozen . 
6 
0 
12 
9 
Kpiphyllum, per pot .. .. 
1 
6 
2 6 
Palms, 111 var.. each .. 
2 
6 
21 
0 
Erica gracilis, per dozen .. 
9 
0 
12 0 
Pelargoniums, scarlet, doz. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
„ hyemalis, dozen 
12 
0 
18 0 
Poinsettias, per dozen 
9 
0 
15 
0 
Euonymus. var., dozen .. 
6 
0 
18 0 
Solanum, per dozen .. 
9 
0 
12 
0 
Evergreens, in var., dozen 
6 
0 
21 0 
Tulips, dozen pots .. .. 
7 
0 
9 
0 
FARMHOUSE DAIRIES. 
So low pitched that one could hardly stand upright, a drain 
under the floor in connection with the yard drains, a useless 
partition, low doorways, access from without only through the 
