April 14, 1892. ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
287 
to fall much below 50° at night at any period of the year. We think 
you possess the requisite means for growing this plant, and if you 
succeed, as we hope, you will be delighted with its fragrant flowers. 
N'aines of Fruits. — Notice. —Special attention is directed to the 
following decision, the object of which is to discourage the growth of 
inferior and promote the culture of superior varieties. In consequence 
of the large number of worthless Apples and Pears sent to this office to 
be named, it has been decided to name only specimens and varieties of 
approved merit, and to reject the inferior, which are not worth sending 
■or growing. The names and addresses of senders of fruit to be named 
must in all cases be enclosed with the specimens, whether letters 
referring to the fruit are sent by post or not. The names are not 
necessarily required for publication, initials sufficing for that. Only six 
specimens can be named at once, and any beyond that number cannot 
be preserved. (ZT. T.'). —The small Pear is Nee plus Meuris ; the 
large one ought to have been sent before it was rotten, it is probably 
Marbchal de Cour. 
Names of Plants.—We only undertake to name species of plants, 
not varieties that have originated from seed and termed florists’ flowers. 
Flowering specimens are necessary of flowering plants, and Fern fronds 
should bear spores. Specimens should arrive in a fresh state in firm boxes. 
Slightly damp moss, soft green grass or leaves form the best packing, dry 
wool the worst. Not more than six specimens can be named at once, 
and the numbers should be visible without untying the ligatures, 
it being often difficult to separate them when the paper is damp. 
(JSIay'). —1, One of the many forms more or less crested of Pteris 
serrulata ; 3, Pteris umbrosa ; 5, Cydonia japonica ; 6, Sedum azoideum 
variegatum. The numbers had slipped from the others in transit. 
i^E. II. E.j. —Medicago lupulina. (J. E. D.'). —1, Begonia albo-coc- 
cinea ; 2, Cystopteris fragilis; 3, Abutilon vexillarium; 4, Pteris 
tremula; 5, Selaginella Kraussiana; 6, Dendrobium Wardianum. 
(_C. 31.'). —1, Vanda suavis; 2, Odontoglossum crispum var.; 3, 0. 
triumphans. (J. S .).—Lamium maculatum aureum. 
COYENT GARDEN MARKET.— April 13th. 
Market quiet, with prices tending downwards. 
FRUIT. 
s. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
Apples, J-sieve. 
1 
0 to 4 
0 
Grapes, per lb. 
2 
6 to 
4 
0 
Apples, Canada and Nova 
„ New, perlb.L. 
• , 
4 
0 
5 
0 
Scotia, per barrel .. .. 
12 
0 
25 
0 
Lemoss, case 
15 
0 
2 1 
0 
Apples, Tasmanian, per 
Oranges, per 100 
• • 
4 
0 
9 
0 
case. 
10 
0 
20 
0 
St. Michael Pines, each 
3 
0 
6 
0 
Cobs, Kent, per 100 lbs. .. 
0 
0 
45 
0 
Strawberries, per lb. .. 
. . 
3 
0 
8 
0 
VEGETABLES. 
S. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
S. 
d. 
S. 
d. 
Beans, Kidney, per lb. 
0 
9 
to 2 
0 
Mustard and Cress, punnet 
U 
2 to 
0 
0 
Beet, Red, dozen. 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Onions, bunch .. 
u 
3 
0 
5 
Carrots, bunch. 
0 
4 
0 
0 
Parsley, dozen bunches 
, , 
2 
0 
3 
0 
Cauliflowers, dozen .. .. 
2 
0 
3 
0 
Parsnips, dozen .. 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Celery, bundle . 
1 
0 
1 
3 
Potatoes, per cwt. 
2 
0 
3 
0 
Ooleworts, dozen bunches 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Salsafy, bundle .. .. 
1 
0 
1 
6 
Cucumbers, dozen 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Scorzonera, bimdle ., 
1 
6 
0 
0 
Endive, dozen . 
1 
3 
1 
6 
Seakale, per basket .. 
1 
6 
1 
9 
Herbs, bunch .. ,. .. 
0 
3 
0 
0 
Shallots, per lb. 
0 
3 
0 
0 
Leeks, bunch . 
0 
2 
0 
0 
.Spinach, bushel .. 
2 
0 
0 
0 
Lettuce, score . 
0 
9 
1 
0 
Tomatoes, per lb. ,. 
, , 
0 
4 
0 
6 
Mushrooms, punnet .. 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Turnips, bunch .. 
0 
0 
0 
4 
AVERAUB WHOLESALE PRIOBS.—CUT FLOWERS. 
Orchid Blooms in variety. 
s. 
d. 
S. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
s. 
d 
Arum Lilies, 12 blooms .. 
2 
0 
to 5 
0 
Marguerites, 12 bunches .. 
3 
0 to 4 
0 
Bouvardias, bunch .. 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Mignonette, 12 bunches .. 
1 
6 
3 
0 
Carnations, 12 blooms 
2 
0 
3 
0 
Mimosa or Acacia (French) 
Carnations, Malmaison, 12 
per bunch. 
1 
6 
2 
0 
blooms . 
3 
0 
6 
0 
Narciss (various), Scilly 
Cineraria, dozen bunches.. 
6 
0 
9 
0 
dozen bunches. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Cyclamen, dozen blooms .. 
0 
3 
0 
6 
Pelargoniums, 12 bunches 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Daffodils (double), dozen 
„ scarlet, 12 bunches 
4 
0 
6 
0 
bunches . 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Primula (double) 12 sprays 
0 
6 
0 
9 
Daffodils (single),doz. bnch. 
3 
0 
6 
0 
Roses (indoor), dozen 
1 
6 
3 
0 
Eucharis, dozen. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
„ Red, per doz. blooms.. 
3 
0 
6 
0 
Euphorbia jacquini^flora 
„ Tea, white, dozen .. 
1 
0 
3 
0 
dozen sprays. 
2 
0 
3 
0 
„ Yellow, dozen .. .. 
2 
0 
6 
0 
Freesia, dozen bunches 
2 
0 
4 
U 
Snowdrops, dozen bunches 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Gardenias, per dozen 
3 
0 
6 
0 
Tuberoses, 12 blooms.. .. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Hyacinths, dozen spikes .. 
3 
0 
4 
0 
Tulips, dozen blooms.. 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Lilium iongiflornm 12 
White Lilac (French)^ per 
• blooms . 
4 
0 
G 
0 
bunch. 
4 
0 
5 
0 
Lilium (various) dozen 
Violet Parme, French bchs. 
2 
0 
3 
0 
blooms . 
2 
0 
4 
0 
„ Czar „ „ 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Lily of the Valley, dozen 
„ „ small bunches 
1 
6 
2 
0 
sprays . 
0 
6 
0 
10 
„ English, doz. bunch. 
1 
0 
1 
6 
Maidenhair Fern, dozen 
Wallflowers (foreign),dozen 
bunches . 
6 
0 
9 
0 
bunches . 
1 
0 
3 
0 
PLANTS 
IN POTS. 
s. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
Arbor Vit® (golden) dozen 
6 
0 to 12 
0 
Foliage plants, var., each.. 
2 
Oto 10 
0 
Azalea, per plant .. .. 
2 
0 
3 
0 
Genista, per dozen .. .. 
6 
0 
10 
0 
Cineraria, per dozen ,. 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Hyacinths, per dozen.. .. 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Cyclamen, per dozen ., .. 
9 
0 
12 
0 
Lily of the Valley, per pot 
1 
0 
1 
6 
Daffodils, per dozen .. .. 
9 
0 
13 
0 
Lycopodiums, per dozen .. 
S 
0 
4 
0 
Dracaena terminalis, dozen 
14 
0 
42 
0 
Marguerite Daisy, dozen .. 
6 
0 
12 
0 
„ viridis, dozen .. 
12 
0 
24 
0 
Myrtles, dozen. 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Erica various, per dozen .. 
9 
0 
12 
0 
Palms, in var., each .. 
1 
0 
21 
0 
. hveinaiis. dozen 
12 
0 
18 
0 
„ (specimens) .. .. 
21 
0 
63 
0 
Euonvm us , var., dozen .. 
6 
0 
18 
0 
Pelargoniums, scarlet, doz. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Evergreerjij. in var., dozen 
6 
0 
24 
0 
Spir®a, per dozen .. ,, 
8 
0 
12 
0 
Ferns, in vavioty, dozen .. 
4 
0 
18 
0 
Tulips, dozen pots .. .. 
6 
0 
S 
0 
Ficus elastica, each .. 
1 
6 
7 
0 
Bedding Plants in variety in pots and in boxes. 
PERMANENT PASTURE. 
After a recent journey from London through the Midlands 
we were asked for our opinion upon the present condition of 
agriculture. The impression from what had been seen from the 
windows of railway carriages, and the sight of the neighbouring 
pastures, bare and brown in the first week of April, induced the 
expression that agriculture was in a very poor way, and was likely 
to remain so while it was so much neglected. Extravagant 
economy appears to be mainly the cause of the poverty-stricken 
condition of so much land; there is a common want of the 
prescience which guides judicious expenditure, and a failure to grasp 
the fact that we must give as well as take—give, not in a fitful 
or uncertain manner, but so wisely and so well that the soil of 
our fields always contains an ample store of fertility. Then, and 
only then, are full crops possible, for Nature makes a generous 
response to such treatment, yielding crops so abundant as afford 
a rich reward and ample profit upon outlay. Little, if any, of 
such profit comes to the man who thinks he “saves ” by pinching 
the land. Strange indeed is it how slowly farmers appear to grasp 
this fact, yet the mere appearance of pasture, its barrenness in 
winter, its late and slow growth in spring, ought to convince 
the dullest that something is wrong, to be an incentive to 
earnest efforts at improvement, the possibility of which is so 
self evident. 
Meanwhile improvement goes steadily on step by step where 
attention is constantly given to it, and its possibility is fully 
grasped. Year after year has Mr. Martin J. Sutton continued 
his trials of Grass mixtures and manure dressings, yet even he 
is not satisfied. Evidently taking nothing for granted, he brings 
everything to the test of close experiment and analysis. In the 
new volume of the Journal of the Bath and West of England 
Agricultural Society we have an interesting and instructive 
account of experiments by Mr. Sutton at Kidmore Grange on 
mowing grass for hay. He has proved that it is more ad¬ 
vantageous to mow when grass is approaching the flowering stage 
than to wait till it is in full flower. His first plot was mown 
when the grass was only 7 inches high, yet this afforded better— 
i.e., more nutritious—hay than was had from that in full flower. 
Dr. Voelcker’s analysis showed that hay made a fortnight later, 
though affording 5 cwt. more weight per acre, was lower in 
quality. There was clear evidence of deterioration, a loss of 
albuminoids and non - albuminoids in the process of flower 
development. This was so evident that Mr. Sutton says, “ Had 
I cut my 200 acres of grass land surrounding these plots simul¬ 
taneously with the cutting of plot No. 1, instead of waiting till 
plot 4 was cut (July 15th), the time when hay making had become 
general in the district, I should have secured grass, weight for 
weight, of far greater intrinsic value than the crop I actually 
mowed, and I should have had the advantage of splendid hay¬ 
making weather. The subsequent feed and aftermath, instead 
of being injured by the half-made hay lying about on the turf 
nearly the whole of July, would have been benefited by the 
downpour of rain in that month, which made hay-making so 
difficult and expensive.” To this we may well append Dr. 
Voelcker’s statement, that so tar as this experiment goes, it 
appears that an early cut aftermath is as good as an early first 
cut, but that a later aftermath is inferior to a late first cut, and 
that the earlier a meadow is mown the more and better produce 
will it yield throughout the year. 
The practical deduction from this is obviously that for quality 
