May 5, 1892. ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
335 
using 2 gallons of the latter, or as nauch as may be necessary for the 
purpose. This concentrated fluid should be kept in well corked jugs, 
and when ready for use should be diluted at the rate of 1 pint to 
12 gallons of water. 
COVENT GARDEN MARKET.— April 4th. 
Trade gone back, owing to cold weather. Prices generally falling. 
FRUIT. 
Petroleum an Insecticide (/. B. F .").—We do not recommend 
the systematic use of petroleum for Roses, Pelargoniums, and greenhouse 
plants generally ; first, because such insects as aphides are easily 
destroyed by other means ; and, secondly, unless the oil is washed off 
the foliage its constant use would stop up the pores and thus be injurious 
to the plants. If we had Camellias infeUed with scale or Gardenias 
with mealy bug we should not hesitate to syringe them with a mixture 
of petroleum and soapy water, because the oil would then be saponified by 
the alkali in the soap and could be washed off; but this is different 
from using the oil with pure water and applying it regularly for 
ordinary plants infested with ordinary insects. A fluid ounce of the oil 
to a gallon of water will kill most kinds of insects and injure few kinds 
of plants, if any ; but it is of great importance that the mixing be 
effectual, the nature of the oil being to float on the surface of the water. 
We have seen petroleum used at twice the above strength with safety, 
and we have seen it do injury, the different effects probably resulting 
from the different qualities of water employed, or to imperfect mixing 
of the two fluids. 
The Black Hamburerh Grape (Z>. Phillips ).—It is not easy to 
trace the origin of several familiar fruits. The Black Hamburgh was 
imported from Hamburgh by John Warner, a London merchant who 
lived at Rotherhithe, and cultivated a large garden, in which was a 
vineyard, in the early part of last century. It is from this circumstance 
that it takes its name of Hamburgh and Warner’s Hamburgh. A 
fanciful story has been published about its having been brought direct 
from the Alhambra in Spain, and that the name now adopted is a 
corruption of that. Dr. Hogg doubts very much if it is a Spanish 
Grape. He is rather inclined to think that it has come from the East, 
as he can trace it by its synonyms through Hungary and the whole of 
Germany; and his friend, the late Comte Odart, remarks that it is met 
with from Strasburg to Vienna and Pesth, and that it may be called the 
national Grape of the Germans, the Belgians, and the Duteh. He might 
have included the English also. On looking at the synonyms one is 
struck with the prevalence of German and Hungarian names over the 
very few of French, Spanish, or Portuguese, and this tends to show that 
it is more known in the East than in the West ; in fact, it is hardly 
known at all in France except under its English and German names of 
Black Hamburgh and Frankenthal. It is very difficult to ascertain of 
what country it is a native. 
Mole Cricket (]Vo7‘thuvibrian ).—Certainly “ there is such a thing.” 
It is known, in different parts of Ei:gland, by the various names of 
Earth-crab, Jarr-worm, Churr-worm, and Eve-churr. It is the Gryllo- 
talpa vulgaris and Buroptea of some naturalists, and the Gryllus gryllo- 
talpa of others. It rarely appears upon the surface of the soil, but 
makes burrows, like the mole, and destroys all roots which interrupt it 
in forming these passages. When full-grown it is nearly 2 inches long, 
and four lines broad ; colour, dark brown ; antennae, bristle-shaped, and 
in front of its black eyes ; thorax, hairy ; wings broad, large, and 
triangular when fully opened ; abdomen, nine or ten-jointed, furnished 
at the end with two hairy awl-shaped filaments. The two fore feet are 
broad, like those of the mole, and similarly intended for digging. The 
female hollows out a place, about half a foot from the surface, in the 
month of June, and lays her eggs in a heap, from 200 to 300. They are 
shining yellowish-brown, and like grains of millet. The young, which 
are hatched in July or August, greatly resemble black ants, and feed, 
like the old ones, on the tender roots of grass, corn, and various culinary 
vegetables. They betray their presence under the earth by the withered 
decay of culinary vegetables in the garden. In October and November 
they bury themselves deeper in the earth as a protection from cold, and 
come again to the surface in the warmer days in March. Their presence 
is discovered by their throwing up the earth like moles. The surest of 
remedies is destroying the brood in June or July. Gardeners know, 
from experience, where the nest of the mole cricket is situated ; they dig 
it out with their spades, and destroy hundreds in the egg state with 
little trouble. 
s. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
Apples, J-sieve. 
1 
0 to 5 
0 
Grapes, New, per lb. 
3 
6 to 
4 
0 
Apples, Canada and Nova 
Lemons, case . 
15 
0 
2J 
0 
Scotia, per barrel .. .. 
12 
0 
20 
0 
Oranges, per 100 .. ,. 
4 
0 
9 
0 
Apples, Tasmanian, per 
St. Michael Pines, each .. 
3 
0 
6 
0 
case. 
7 
0 
12 
0 
Strawberries, per lb. 
1 
0 
4 
0 
VEGETABLES. 
3. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
Beans, Kidney, per lb. 
0 
9 
to 1 
0 
Mustard and Cress, punnet 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Beet, Red, dozen. 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Onions, bunch . 
0 
3 
0 
5 
Carrots, bunch. 
0 
4 
0 
0 
Parsley, dozen bunches .. 
2 
0 
3 
0 
Cauliflowers, dozen .. .. 
2 
0 
3 
0 
Parsnips, dozen. 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Celery, bundle . 
1 
0 
1 
3 
Potatoes, per cwt. 
2 
0 
3 
0 
Ooleworts, dozen bunches 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Salsafy, bundle. 
1 
0 
1 
6 
Cucumbers, dozen |.. .. 
2 
6 
4 
6 
Scorzonera, bundle .. .. 
1 
6 
0 
n 
Endive, dozen . 
1 
3 
1 
6 
Seakale, per basket .. .. 
1 
6 
1 
9 
Herbs, bunch . 
0 
3 
0 
0 
Shallots, per lb. 
0 
3 
0 
0 
Leeks, bunch . 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Spinach, bushel. 
3 
0 
3 
6 
Lettuce, dozen. 
1 
3 
1 
9 
Tomatoes, per lb. 
0 
4 
2 
0 
Mushrooms, punnet .. .. 
1 
6 to 2 
0 
Turnips, bunch. 
0 
0 
0 
4 
AVERAGE WHOLESALE PRICES.—CUT FLOWERS. 
Orchid Blooms in variety. 
s. 
d. 
S. 
d. 
3. 
d. 
S. 
d. 
Arum Lilies, 12 blooms .. 
2 
0 to 
4 
0 
Maidenhair Fern, dozen 
Bluebells, dozen bunches .. 
0 
9 
1 
0 
bunches . 
4 
0 to 
8 
0 
Bouvardias, bunch .. .. 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Mignonette, 12 bunches .. 
2 
0 
6 
0 
Carnations, 12 blooms 
1 
0 
3 
0 
Mimosa or Acacia (French) 
Carnations, Malmaison, 12 
per bunch. 
1 
6 
2 
0 
blooms . 
2 
0 
e 
0 
Narciss (various), Scilly 
Cineraria, dozen bunches.. 
6 
0 
9 
0 
dozen bunches. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Cowslip, dozen bunches .. 
1 
0 
1 
6 
Pansies, dozen bunches ., 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Cyclamen, dozen blooms .. 
0 
3 
0 
6 
Pelargoniums, 12 bunches 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Daffodils (double), dozen 
„ scarlet. 12 bunches 
4 
0 
6 
0 
bunches . 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Polyanthus, dozen bunches 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Daffodils (single),doz. bnch. 
1 
6 
6 
0 
Primroses, dozen bunches 
0 
6 
0 
9 
Eucharis, dozen. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Primula (double) 12 sprays 
0 
6 
0 
9 
Euphorbia jacquiniseflora 
Roses (indoor), dozen 
1 
0 
2 
0 
dozen sprays . 
2 
0 
3 
0 
„ Red, per doz. blooms.. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Preesia, dozen bunches .. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
„ Tea, white, dozen .. 
1 
0 
3 
0 
Gardenias, per dozen 
2 
0 
4 
0 
„ Yellow, dozen .. .. 
2 
0 
6 
0 
Hyacinths, dozen spikes .. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Spirsea, dozen bunches 
4 
0 
6 
0 
„ Dutch, per box 
1 
6 
4 
0 
1 uberoses, 12 blooms.. .. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Lilium longiflorum 12 
Tulips, dozen blooms.. 
0 
6 
1 
0 
blooms . 
2 
6 
4 
0 
White Lilac (French) per 
Lilium (various) dozen 
bunch. 
4 
0 
5 
0 
blooms . 
1 
0 
3 
0 
Violet Parme, per 
Lily of the Valley, dozen 
bunch. 
2 
6 
3 
6 
sprays .. 
0 
6 
0 
10 
Violet, English, doz. bunch. 
1 
0 
1 
6 
Marguerites, 12 bunches .. 
3 
0 
4 
0 
Wallflowers, dozen bunches 
2 
0 
4 
0 
PLANTS IN POTS. 
s. 
d. 
S. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
S. 
d. 
Arbor Vitse (golden) dozen 
6 
Oto 12 
0 
Genista, per dozen .. .. 6 
0 to 10 
0 
Arum Lilies, per dozen .. 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Lilac, each . .2 
0 
3 
6 
Azalea, per plant 
2 
0 
3 
0 
Lily of the Valley, per pot 1 
0 
1 
6 
Cineraria, per dozen .. 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Lycopodiums, per dozen .. 3 
0 
4 
0 
Oupressus, large plants,each 
3 
0 
5 
0 
Marguerite Daisy, dozen .. 6 
0 
12 
|i 
Dracaena termiualis. dozen 
24 
0 
42 
0 
Mignonette, per dozen .. 6 
0 
12 
0 
„ viridis, dozen .. 
12 
0 
24 
0 
Musk, per dozen.3 
0 
6 
0 
Erica various, per dozen .. 
12 
0 
24 
0 
Myrtles, dozen.6 
0 
9 
0 
„ Willmoreana, dozen 
12 
0 
18 
0 
Palms, in var.. each .. .. 1 
0 
15 
0 
Euonym us. var., dozen .. 
6 
0 
18 
0 
„ (specimens) .. ..21 
0 
63 
0 
Evergreens, in var., dozen 
6 
0 
24 
0 
Pelargoniums, scarlet, doz. 4 
0 
6 
0 
Ferns, in variety, dozen .. 
4 
0 
18 
0 
„ per dozen .. 9 
0 
18 
0 
„ (small) per hundred 
8 
0 
12 
0 
Rhodanthes, per dozen .. 6 
0 
8 
0 
Ficus elastica, each .. .. 
1 
6 
5 
0 
Saxifraga pyramidalis .. 1 
6 
2 
0 
Foliage plants, var., each.. 
2 
0 
10 
0 
Spiraea, per dozen .. ., 8 
0 
12 
0 
Bedding Plants in variety in pots and in boxes. 
Names of Plants. —We only undertake to name species of plants, 
not varieties that have originated from seed and termed florists’ flowers. 
Flowering specimens are necessary of flowering plants, and Fern fronds 
should bear spores. Specimens should arrive in a fresh state in firm boxes. 
Sliehtlv damn moss, soft green grass or leaves form the best packing, dry 
wool the worst. Not more than six specimens can be named at once, 
and the numbers should be visible without untying the ligatures, 
it being often difficult to separate them when the paper is damp. 
(iZ. II.). —1, Diosma uniflora. 2, Pittosporum tenuifolium. 3, Diplacus 
glutinosus. 4, Amygdalus pumila. (iZ. H. S.) —The Cypripedium is 
bellatulum, the Dendrobium draconis. (Ji Gilbert). — Ornithogalum 
arabicum. .Z?.).—The flower you send is of one of the Sratices, but 
the specimen is insufficient for determining the species. However, if 
you advise vour friend to procure a plant of Statice profusa he will not 
be disappointed if he grows the plant well in his greenhouse. 
(^Ignoramus ).—Viola canina alba, the White Dog Violet. (JT. 6.). —1, 
Tuuiopsis dolabrata. 4, Pittosporum viridiflorum. 5, Kalmia latifolia. 
Many Conifers cannot be named from small branchlets and without 
information respecting the character of the plants or trees. 
DAIRY COWS. 
Among much that is interesting in the new part of the 
Journal of the Royal Agricultural Society of England, a brief 
paper on the management of dairy cows by Mr. John B. 
Spearing contains some practical hints of considerablo value. 
The most important is that on milk fever, about which there 
exists such diversity of opinion that an efficient remedy is a 
boon which all cowmen will find useful. Here it is. Mr. 
Spearing says he used to lose a cow or two most years from 
milk fever after calving—generally the best ones — until he 
tried the following plan, since which time his losses from this 
cause ceased altogether. Three weeks before the time for 
calving the cow is turned into a loose-box and given nothing but 
dry hay (of only medium quality) and water, and twice during 
